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The Fundamental Unit of Life Test - 26

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The Fundamental Unit of Life Test - 26
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following organisms is not an example of eukaryotic cells?
    Solution
    Amoeba proteus, Paramecium caudatum, Euglena viridis are unicellular eukaryotic organisms and belongs to the kingdom Protista. Escherichia coli  is a prokaryotic organism and belongs to the kingdom of Monera. It does not have nucleus or other membrane-bound cell organelles like chloroplast and mitochondria. Also, ribosomes of prokaryotes like Escherichia (70S type) are different from ribosomes of eukaryotes (80S type).
    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    ............... plays a crucial role in detoxifying many poisons and drugs in a cell.
    Solution

    The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is a type of endoplasmic reticulum that does not have ribosomes. Hence, the name smooth endoplasmic reticulum. It plays an important role in the production of lipids that are important for the cell. SER also helps in the detoxification of many poisons and drugs within the liver cells of vertebrates. 

    So, the correct answer is option C.

  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    While preparing a slide for observing onion peel under a microscope, the onion peel is immediately kept in a watch-glass containing a drop of water. Why this is done?
    Solution
    The onion peel is put immediately in a watch-glass containing water to prevent the peel from getting folded or getting dry. Dryness and folds in the onion peel will hamper the correct visualization of onion cells under the microscope.
    So, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    ............... takes part in the formation of lysosomes.
    Solution
    Endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi body are involved in the formation of lysosomes. Enzymes of the lysosomes are synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. The enzymes are released from Golgi apparatus in small vesicles which ultimately fuse with acidic vesicles of Golgi apparatus called as endosomes, thus becoming full lysosomes. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    .............. have their own DNA.
    Solution
    A. CORRECT ANSWER- B
    B. EXPLANATION FOR THE CORRECT ANSWER

    Mitochondria have their own DNA and ribosomes. They produce a specific protein mainly for making their own organelle. The DNA replicates independently. It replicates and translates to produce their specific protein.

  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    What will happen if we put a plant and animal cell in the isotonic solution?
    Solution
    An isotonic solution is a solution, which contains the same concentration of solute as in a cell. If animal and plant cells are kept in isotonic solution then cells will not swell or shrink. Hence, there will not be any change in cells. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option A. 
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Lipids and proteins constituting the cell membrane are synthesized at 
    Solution
    The endoplasmic reticulum bearing ribosomes on their surface called as rough endoplasmic reticlum (RER) which are actively involved in protein synthesis. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is the major site for synthesis of lipid. In animal cells, steroidal hormones synthesized in SER. Lipids are synthesized in smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and the proteins are synthesized in rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). The lipids and proteins together forms plasma membrane by the process of membrane biogenesis.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    The nucleus is the site for synthesis of: 
    Solution
    The nucleus is a membrane-bound most important part of the cell. It controls the cellular activities and thus called the brain of the cell. It contains most of the cell's genetic material, organized as multiple long linear DNA molecules in complex with a large variety of proteins, such as histones, to form chromosomes and also provides the site for the synthesis of tRNA and mRNA. 
    Hence the correct option is D.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
    Solution
    Prokaryotes do not possess membrane-bound organelles and well-defined nucleus. Nucleoid is a region in a prokaryotic cell, where most of the genetic material resides. It is not a well-defined membrane-bound region. 
    Eukaryotes possess a well-defined nucleus and membrane-bound organelles as mitochondria, Golgi complex, etc. Nucleus is bound with double membrane in eukaryotic cells in which most of the genetic material is present. 
    Hence the correct option is D.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Endoplasmic reticulum will be most abundant in:
    Solution
    The endoplasmic reticulum is a system of membrane-lined channels found in all eukaryotic cells except mature erythrocytes. 
    Rough endoplasmic reticulum carries ribosomes on their surface and is involved in the protein synthesis of proteins.
    Smooth endoplasmic reticulum lacks ribosomes. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum occurs in cells engaged in producing lipids and steroid hormones. SER, in the liver also helps in the detoxification of organic compounds. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option D.
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