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Diversity in Living Organisms Test - 91

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Diversity in Living Organisms Test - 91
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    An Indian class X student is evolutionary most related to
    Solution
    Characteristics of Mammals:-

    Mammary Glands
    Mammals got their name from this evolutionary adaptation. Mammary glands are only found on mammalian species, and no other species. Mammary glands evolved from modified sweat glands to produce milk for offspring. Only female mammals produce milk, an adaptation that requires an investment of time and energy to care for the newborn offspring.

    Hair
    Hair on mammals is an adaptation that provides insulation to keep the animal warm, provide protection to the animal's skin, provides camouflage through color patterns and helps the animal by providing greater sensory input through touch.

    Middle Ear Bones
    All mammals have three middle ear bones, commonly called the hammer, anvil and stirrup. Their scientific names are malleus, incus and stapes. The hammer and anvil evolved from the jaw bones from primitive mammal ancestors. These bones work together to transmit vibrations to the eardrum.

    Sweat Glands
    Sweat glands, while being unique to mammals, aren't present in all mammals. For example, the whale has no sweat glands, but doesn't need them because it lives in the ocean.

    Temperature Regulation
    While most mammals are warm-blooded, not all are able to regulate their temperature, which is the definition of being warm-blooded. Bats and mole rats can't regulate their body temperatures; whereas bees, birds and the hawk moth can.

    The Indian class X student is thus evolutionary most related to An African buffalo.

    So the correct option is 'An African buffalo'.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is an example of lung fish?
    Solution
    Lungfish us a freshwater fish. It belongs to subclass Dipnoi. It has a powerful, long snakelike or eellike bodies. It can breathe in water having low oxygen with the help of well developed lungs. The lungs have modified swim bladder. An example of lungfish includes Lepidosiren paradoxa. It is an American lungfish found in swamps and slow-moving waters of the Amazon. 
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Lepidosiren.'
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Blood vessels in Pheretima, which have valves are
    Solution
    The dorsal blood vessels are responsible for carrying blood to the front of the earthworm's body. The ventral blood vessels are responsible for carrying blood to the back of the earthworm's body. 
    So the correct option is 'Dorsal'.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Axolotal larva is the name of larva of ______
    Solution
    The Axolotl larva is the name of larva of Ambystoma mexicanum. It belongs to the Tiger Salamander complex. Although it is an amphibian, it does not undergo metamorphosis, Hence, the adult remains in water with external gills rather than taking the land.
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Ambystoma.'
  • Question 5
    1 / -0

    Which of the following fishes has a skeleton made of cartilage only?

    Solution

    • Fishes are scaly-skinned, cold-blooded vertebrates that breathe through gills. 
    • Two types of skeletons are found in fishes, namely, cartilaginous and bony.
    • Sharks are cartilaginous fishes as their skeleton is entirely made of cartilage.
    • Rohu and Tuna are bony fishes as their skeleton is made up of bones. 

    Thus, the correct answer is option A.

  • Question 6
    1 / -0

    Which of the following statement is incorrect about members of phylum Annelida?
    Solution
    • Phylum Annelida is a large phylum and its members are also known as ringworms or segmented worms. 
    Characteristics of Phylum Annelida:-
    1. They have a long and segmented body.
    2. Annelids are bilaterally symmetrical.
    3. They are triploblastic.
    4. They are coelomate. A true body cavity or coelom is present.
    5. Annelids live in moist environments, moist soil, freshwater and marine water.
    6. The digestive system is complete and developed.
    7. Excretory and nervous systems are also present.

    • The phylum under which the pseudocoelomates (organisms with false body cavities) are placed is Nematoda/Aschelminthes. 

            So, the correct answer is option B.
          1. Question 7
            1 / -0
            Excretory organ of an annelid
            Solution
             Excretory organ  Name of the organism
             Green glandsIt acts as the excretory organ in crustaceans. It is the subclass of kingdom arthropods.
             Flame cellsIt acts as the excretory organ in flatworms and which belongs to the kingdom Platyhelminthes.
             Organ of Bojanus These are the excretory glands that serve as function as of kidney. It is found in the kingdom Mollusca.
             Nephridium It occurs in the pair and performs the same function as that of vertebrate kidney. It is found in the kingdom Annelida.
            So, the correct answer is 'Nephridium'.
          2. Question 8
            1 / -0
            Statement (SI) :  Though Ascaris and Enterobius are intestinal parasites they are not digested by the host enzymes
            Statements (SII) :  Nematodes are covered collagenous cuticle. (1)  (2) (F) 
            Solution
            Intestinal parasites like Enterobius and Ascaris have cuticular layer which secretes collagen . Collagen protects them from the strong digestive enzymes so they can invade the digestive tracts of animals including humans.
            So the correct answer is ' Statements SI and SII are correct'.
          3. Question 9
            1 / -0
            A suctorial mouth is found in _____________.
            Solution
            A suctorial mouth is adapted for sucking. Leeches have a distinct head end with a mouth consisting of sharp cutting beaks located within the head sucker. Their rear sucker is larger and uses to anchor the leech in place.
            Hence, the correct answer is 'Hirudinaria'
          4. Question 10
            1 / -0
            Refers to the items listed under different groups in the given table and select the option which correctly indentifies $$X$$ and $$Y$$.
            Group IGroup II
            Tapeworm
            Hookworm
            Liver fluke
                  X            		Vulture
            Hyena
               Y
            Jackal
            Solution
            Group 1 represents various members of the Phylum Platyhelminthes while Group 2 includes members of class Aves of vertebrata.
            Pinworm and Crow are included in Phylum Platyhelminthes and Aves respectively.
            So, the correct option is 'X - Pinworm, Y - Crow'.
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