Working of Institutions Test - 10

The President can suspend other Fundamental Rights through specific orders, but these orders must be approved by the parliament. It may be observed that such orders of the President may extend to the whole or any part of the territory of India in the case of general or national emergency. 

The Prime Minister is appointed by the President. The President cannot act arbitrarily in this appointment. According to convention, the President invites the leader of the majority party or group in the Lok Sabha to form the Government. The members of the majority party or the group elect their leader to be appointed as the Prime Minister. Then the President appoints him as the Prime Minister.

The Council of Ministers is directly responsible to the Lok Sabha and can remain in office so long as it enjoys the majority support in the House of the People. If the Lok Sabha passes a vote of no confidence against the Council of Ministers, the ministers have to resign collectively. 

Any bill is approved and made into an act only by the assent of the president.

President is the supreme commander of Indian armed forces. This is the military power vested in him

The President can declare war or conclude peace on the advice of the Union Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister.

All important treaties and contracts are made in the President's name.

The Constitution of India provides for a Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister as the head, to aid and advise the President. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President. Ours being a Parliamentary form of Government, the President is only a nominal Head of the State. The Council of Ministers, headed by the Prime Minister is the most powerful institution in the Indian polity.

“Leader of the House” means the Prime Minister if he is a member of the House or a Minister who is a member of the House and is nominated by the Prime Minister to function as the Leader of the House.

During an emergency, the term of the Lok Sabha may be extended for a period of one year at a time. 

Rajya Sabha is a permanent House and is not subject to dissolution. However, one-third Members of Rajya Sabha retire after every second year. A member who is elected for a full term serves for a period of six years.