Forest Society And Colonialism Test

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Forest Society And Colonialism Test - 3

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Question 1
1 / -0

The forest Act of $$1878$$ divided forests into _____.

A
Reserved and protected forests

B
Protected and village forests

C
Biosphere reserves and wildlife sanctuaries

D
Reserved, protected and village forests

Solution

The 1878 Act divided forests into three categories: reserved, protected and village forests. The best forests were called ‘reserved forests’. Villagers could not take anything from these forests, even for their own use. For house building or fuel, they could take wood from protected or village forests.
Question 2
1 / -0

Why were forest cleared off rapidly during the colonial period?

A
To fulfil the demand of commercial crops

B
Forests were considered to be wasteland

C
To fulfil the demand of timber

D
All the above

Solution

First, the British directly encouraged the production of commercial crops like jute, sugar, wheat and cotton. Second, in the early nineteenth century, the colonial state thought that forests were unproductive. They were considered to be wilderness that had to be brought under cultivation so that the land could yield agricultural products and revenue, and enhance the income of the state. By the early nineteenth century, oak forests in England were disappearing. This created a problem of timber supply for the Royal Navy. Within a decade, trees were being felled on a massive scale and vast quantities of timber were being exported from India.
Question 3
1 / -0

What was the system of 'blandongdiensten'?

A
A system of education

B
Industrialisation

C
First imposition of rent on land and then exemption

D
None of the above

Solution

The Dutch imposed rents on land being cultivated in the forest and then exempted some villages from these rents if they worked collectively to provide free labour and buffaloes for cutting and transporting timber. This was known as Blandongdiensten system.
Question 4
1 / -0

The Forest management in Java was under the _____.

A
British

B
Dutch

C
French

D
Portuguese

Solution

When the Dutch began to gain control over the forests in the eighteenth century, they tried to make the Kalangs work under them. In 1770, the Kalangs resisted by attacking a Dutch fort at Joana, but the uprising was suppressed.
Question 5
1 / -0

Why forest laws were not beneficial for the local inhabitants of India? State only one suitable argument from the following.

A
The forest guards, local police, harassed them constantly

B
People were forced to steal wood from the forests

C
The local people living near the jungles lost all customary rights

D
Government department was the main beneficiary
Solution
- The most serious aspect of forest laws in colonial India was on the customary practice of local inhabitants.
- They used the forest for every purpose, housing, grazing the cattle, collecting fruits, hunting and fishing.
- But all these activities were made illegal under these forest laws in colonial India and therefore, the government department was the main beneficiary.
Question 6
1 / -0

The 1910 rebellion first started in the _______ area and soon spread to other parts of the state.

A
Deep forest

B
Boson forest

C
Kanger forest

D
High forest

E
None of these

Solution

The initiative of rebelling against the British was taken by the Dhurwas of the Kanger forest which was the first forest to be reserved. One prominent name associated with these rebellions was that of Gunda Dhur who was a rebel leader from a village named Nethanar. A mass movement of destruction in the form of looting, burning of bazaars, schools, and police stations, and the houses of officials and traders spread throughout Bastar.
Question 7
1 / -0

Kalangs of Java were a community of ________.

A
woodcutters

B
farmers

C
hunters

D
criminal tribes

Solution

The Kalangs of Java were a community of skilled forest cutters and shifting cultivators.
Question 8
1 / -0

How many trees were being cut annually for sleepers in $$1850s$$ in the Madras Presidency?

A
$$38,000\ trees$$

B
$$35,890\ trees$$

C
$$37,990\ trees$$

D
$$35,000\ trees$$

Solution

To run locomotives, wood was needed as fuel, and to lay railway lines sleepers were essential to hold the tracks together. Each mile of railway track required between 1760 and 2000 sleepers. from the 1860s the railway network expanded rapidly.

By 1890 about 25,500 km. of the track had been laid. In 1946, the length of the track had increased to over 765000 km. As the railway tracks spread through India, a larger and larger number of trees were felled. As early as the 1850s, in Madras Presidency alone 35,000 trees were being cut annually for sleepers.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which new trade was created due to the introduction of new forest laws?

A
Cultivation

B
Collecting latex from wild rubber trees

C
Hunting

D
None of the above

Solution

With the growing demand for rubber in the mid-nineteenth century, the Mundurucu peoples of the Brazilian Amazon who lived in villages on high ground and cultivated manioc, began to collect latex from wild rubber trees for supplying to traders. Gradually, they descended to live in trading posts and became completely dependent on traders.
Question 10
1 / -0

How did the colonial rule change the life of pastoralists dramatically?

A
The grazing ground expanded in numbers.

B
Their movement increased constantly.

C
They were prevented from using pasture, forest and agricultural land by colonial rule.

D
They enjoyed state security.

Solution

Under colonial rule, the life of pastoralists changed dramatically. Their grazing grounds shrank, their movements were regulated, and the revenue they had to pay increased. Their agricultural stock declined and their trades and crafts were adversely affected.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Forest Society And Colonialism Test - 3

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Forest Society And Colonialism Test - 3

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Reserved and protected forests

Protected and village forests

Biosphere reserves and wildlife sanctuaries

Reserved, protected and village forests

Solution

Question 2

To fulfil the demand of commercial crops

Forests were considered to be wasteland

To fulfil the demand of timber

All the above

Solution

Question 3

A system of education

Industrialisation

First imposition of rent on land and then exemption

None of the above

Solution

Question 4

British

Dutch

French

Portuguese

Solution

Question 5

The forest guards, local police, harassed them constantly

People were forced to steal wood from the forests

The local people living near the jungles lost all customary rights

Government department was the main beneficiary

Solution

Question 6

Deep forest

Boson forest

Kanger forest

High forest

None of these

Solution

Question 7

woodcutters

farmers

hunters

criminal tribes

Solution

Question 8

$$38,000\ trees$$

$$35,890\ trees$$

$$37,990\ trees$$

$$35,000\ trees$$

Solution

Question 9

Cultivation

Collecting latex from wild rubber trees

Hunting

None of the above

Solution

Question 10

The grazing ground expanded in numbers.

Their movement increased constantly.

They were prevented from using pasture, forest and agricultural land by colonial rule.

They enjoyed state security.

Solution

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