Physical Features of India Test - 10

The region situated to the foothills of Jalpaiguri and Darjeeling towards north-eastern side is called Duars. These are the alluvial flood plains that lie south of the outer foothills of the Himalayas and north of the Brahmaputra river basin.

The correct order of the rivers in the Punjab- Haryana plains from North to South is Beas which originates from Beas Kund in Himachal Pradesh followed by Satluj which has its orgin in Lake Rakshastal in Tibet followed by the river Ghaggar which originates in the Shivalik hills.

Garo, Khasi and Jantia Hills are situated in Meghalaya.  

Garo Hills are part of the Garo-Khasi range in Meghalaya. It is one of the wettest places in the world. It is in west direction. When we further move in east of Garo Hills, then we find Khasi Hills.  Khasi hills are a part of the Patkai range. Cherrapunji which is considered as one of the wettest places in the world is located under these hills. When we move further, we encounter with Jantia hills. This mountain region is sparsely populated. It is a part of the Meghalaya plateau.

Naga Hills are situated in extreme east of Garo Hills. It lies on the border of India and Myanmar. They are part of a complex mountain system. It is part of the mountain range which is spread in Nagaland and the Burmese region of Sagaing.

Largest physical division of India is the Peninsular Plateau Region. It covers an area of about 16 lakh sq km. It is bounded by the Aravallis in the North-West, Maikal range in the North, Hazaribagh and Rajmahal Hills in the North-East, the Western Ghats in the West and the Eastern Ghats in the East.

• The southern part of the Eastern Coastal Plains from Nellore to Kanyakumari is called Coromandel Coast.
• Gujarat coast: This coast is a region of gulf because deep inlet of sea is surrounded by land on all sides.
  
• Konkan region: The coastal plain from Daman to Goa is called Konkan coast. This 500 km stretch is generally flat and is composed of basaltic trap rocks.  
  
• Malabar Coast: It is the southernmost stretch of the western coastal plains. Its characteristic features are the lagoons or backwaters called kayals.
  

Mining occupation is well developed on the Chhota Nagpur plateau because of the availability of minerals. The minerals found in Chhota Nagpur plateau are coal, iron-ore, copper, asbestos, bauxite, china clay, chromite, dolomite, limestone, etc.

• Karakoram Range is a large mountain range spanning the borders of Pakistan, India, and China.  It is located at the extreme north part of India.  It is one of the greater ranges of Asia. 
  
• Ladakh Range is a segment of the Karakoram mountain range.  It extends from the mouth of the Shyok River in the Ladakh region to the Tibetan border. It runs parallel to Indus River. 
  
• Zanskar Range is the youngest east-west mountain chain of the Himalayas. They have many sub-ranges and extend west from Arunachal Pradesh through Bhutan to West Bengal, and further westward through Nepal and Uttarakhand, continuing into Himachal Pradesh.
  
• Shiwalik Hills is a mountain range of the outer Himalayas. It is in extreme south part of India. It starts from the Indus and ends close to the Brahmaputra.
  

The famous place of 'Kumbha Mela' from the Central Highlands is Ujjain. Traditionally, four fairs are widely recognised as the Kumbh Melas: the Haridwar Kumbh Mela, the Nashik-Trimbakeshwar Simhastha and Ujjain Simhastha.

The physiographic division shown in the map is of peninsular plateau region. This plateau is one of the oldest surfaces of the Earth and represents a segregated part of the old Gondwana land. The triangular shaped Peninsular Plateau of India extends from the south of Indo-Ganga Plain to Kanyakumari.