Physical Features of India Test - 20

The Eastern Ghats or Purbaghaṭa are a discontinuous range of mountains along India’s eastern coast. They run from West Bengal through Orissa and Andhra Pradesh to Tamil Nadu in the south passing some parts of Karnataka. They are eroded and cut through by the four major rivers of southern India, the Godavari, Mahanadi, Krishna, and Kaveri.

Jindhagada is the highest mountain in the Eastern Ghats situated in Araku, district Vishakhapatnam in Andhra Pradesh with a height of 1,690 meters.

•  Northern Plain's Area is roughly 7 lakh sq. km. in size. 
  
• It is 2400 Km long and 240 to 320 Km broad.
  
•  The Northern Plains spreading from Assam to Punjab has a length of around 2400 km and the width ranges between 150 km to 300 km, varying in different regions. It can be found in Bihar, Punjab, Assam, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, parts of Delhi and Haryana. 
  

• THE UNIQUE OROGRAPHIC feature known as the Pamir Knot takes its name from the mountains on which it is centered, the Pamir.
  
•  The “knot” refers to the convergence of some of the world’s major mountain ranges, including the TIAN SHAN, Karakorum, Kunlun, HINDU KUSH, and Pamir systems.
  
• The Pamir - "the Roof of the World" - is a large mountain system extending over the territory of Tajikistan and Krygzstan republics.

• Lakshadweep Islands, also known as the Laccadives islands, formerly is the smallest Union Territory of the Indian government. 
  
• Lakshadweep formerly known as the Laccadive, Minicoy, amindivi  is a group of islands 
  
• The capital of this Union Territory is Kavaratti. 
  
• The Union territory is majorly ruled by Islamic principles followed up by many other religions as well.
  
•  After India got her independence, in 1956, Lakshadweep was marked as a separate Union territory in India. 
  
• There are around 36 islands that together make the Lakshadweep islands. 

Ganga Plains:

• This plain extends between Ghaggar and Tista rivers.
• The northern states, Haryana, Delhi, UP, Bihar, part of Jharkhand and West Bengal in the east lie in the Ganga plains.

• The Sivalik Hills is a mountain range of the outer Himalayas identified as Manak Parbat in some Sanskrit texts.
  
•  Shivalik literally means 'tresses of Shiva'.
  
•  It extends west-northwestward for more than 1,000 miles (1,600 km) from the Tista riverin Sikkim state, northeasternIndia, through Nepal, across northwestern India, and into northernPakistan.
  

• The longitudinal valley is longitudinal valleys between the lesser himalayas and shiwaliks are known as 'duns' in the west and 'duars' in the east.
  
• Unlike typical river valleys, duns have a structural origin and are covered with boulders and gravel originating from the erosion of the Himalayas and the Shiwalik uplands.
  
•  Major duns found in the region are Dehra, Kothri, Chaukham, Patli and Kota.
  

• The Purvanchal Mountains, or Eastern Mountains, consist of the area of the Himalayas bending  sharply to the south and spreading along the eastern boundary of India beyond the Dihang gorge.
  
•  The Purvanchal Mountains cover the states of Assam, Manipur, Tripura, Nagaland, Meghalaya and Mizoram.
  
•  Purvanchal hill range include the Patkai, Naga, Barail range, Manipur and Mizo hills.
  

• The Purvanchal Mountains, or Eastern Mountains, are a sub-mountain range of the Himalayas in northeast India.
• The Purvanchal range includes the hill ranges of the Patkai, Barail range, Manipur, Mizo, and Naga Hills.