Physical Features of India Test - 25

• The Purvanchal Mountains, or Eastern Mountains, consist of the area of the Himalayas bending harply to the south and spreading along the eastern boundary of India beyond the Dihang gorge.
  
•  Composed largely of strong sandstone, they are the eastern extension of the Himalayan range, lying in northeastern India near Myanmar.
  

• Bhabar
• After descending from the mountains, the rivers deposit pebbles in a narrow belt. 
  
• The width of this belt is about 8 to 16 km and it lies parallel to the Shiwaliks.
  
• This region is known as bhabar. All the streams disappear in this region. 
  

A. Due to the apparent northward movement of the sun, the global heat belts shift north-wards.

Peninsular India is closer to the Equator as compared to Northern India. Thus when the sun's direct rays shift from the Equator to the Tropic of Cancer, southern India receives the direct rays before Northern India.

The Kangchenjunga is the highest mountain peak in India and ranked 3rd highest summit in the world with an elevation of 8,586 m (28,169 ft). The highest mountain Kangchenjunga is located at the border of India and Nepal in the great Himalaya range, Sikkim.

Narcondam is a small volcanic island located in the Andaman Sea. The island's peak rises to 710 m above mean sea level, and it is formed of andesite. Narcondam islands are supposed to be dormant volcano whereas Barren is still active. India’s only active volcano is the Barren Islands volcano located in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

• The Punjab Plain is an alluvial plain in Pakistan and the north-west of India. 
  
• The plain includes the Pakistani province of Punjab and the Indian states of Punjab and Haryana and is around 35,000 square miles (91,000 km²) in area.
  
•  The plain is extensively farmed for cereals and cotton.
  
•  It is bounded by the  Shiwalik Range  to the north, the  Yamuna River to the east, the arid zone of Rajasthan state to the south, and the  Ravi  and  Sutlej rivers to the northwest and southwest, respectively.
  

Arakan yoma is the extension of the himalayas located in Myanmar. The Arakan Mountains are also known as the Rakhine Mountains. These are a mountain range in western Myanmar, between the coast of Rakhine State and the Central Myanmar Basin, in which the Irrawaddy River flows.

• The Indian part of Himalayas extends over 10 states covering 95 districts and an area of 5 lakh km2. It comprises over 16% of the country’s geographical area.
  
• The Himalayas are diverse in people, climate, ecology, soil, flora & fauna.
  
• The economy in the Himalayas is as diverse as its topography.
  
•  It ranges from the subsistence level economy of the migratory pastoralists and small farmers to the prosperity of the fruit and tea estate owners.
  
•  Other activities include traditional crafts and skills, casual labour, employment in the fruit processing industries, the tea gardens, in the tourism and in pilgrimage industry.
  
•  Economic changes, an increase in population and urbanization, tourism, the building of communication lines into the remotest reaches have further taken their toll on this region.