p-Block Elements Test

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p-Block Elements Test - 3

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Elements having +5 oxidation state is

A
Bismuth

B
Arsenic

C
Antimony

D
Phosphorous

Solution

The maximum oxidation state shown by a p-block element is equal to the total number of valence electrons (i.e., the sum of the s and p-electrons).
P:[Ne]3s²3p³. Total valence electrons =5 so it will show +5 oxidation state. The stability of +5 oxidation state decreases down the group due to inert pair effect.
Question 2
1 / -0

In laboratory ammonia is prepared by heating

A
Ammonium chloride with calcium hydroxide

B
Ammonium chloride with sodium hydroxide

C
Nitrogen and hydrogen

D
Calcium cyanamide with water

Solution

On a small scale ammonia can be prepared by treating ammonium chloride or ammonium sulphate with sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide. It is also prepared by hydrolysis of magnesium nitride.

NH₄Cl+NaOH→NH₃+NaCl+H₂O
Question 3
1 / -0

In earlier days of photography, strong ammonia solution was used to dissolve unchanged AgBr. In photographic 'fixing', nowadays, ammonia has been replaced by Na₂S₂O₃ because

A
Na₂S₂O₃ is a solid and is easy to handle as compared to ammonia

B
Na₂S₂O₃ is cheaper than ammonia

C
Na₂S₂O₃gives better quality pictures than ammonia

D
ammonia is harmful and unpleasant to the photographer in confined space of darkroom
Question 4
1 / -0

The maximum covalency of nitroge

A
Five

B
Eight

C
Six

D
Four

Solution

N has maximum covalency of 4 since only four (one s and three p) orbitals are available for bonding. d orbitals are not available for bonding.
Question 5
1 / -0

Fluorine cannot show oxidation state other than - 1 because

A
it is the most electronegative element and has no vacant d-orbital

B
it is small in size

C
it cannot form covalent bonds because of its highest electronegativity

D
its atomic volume is very small
Question 6
1 / -0

The most common oxidation states of nitrogen are

A
– 3, +3, +5

B
– 3, +3

C
+3, +5

D
– 3, +5

Solution

N shows -3 in NH₃, +3 in HNO₂ and +5 in HNO₃.
Question 7
1 / -0

Nitrogen shows different oxidation states ranging from:

A
\(-3\) to \(+5\)

B
\(-5\) to \(+5\)

C
\(0\) to \(-5\)

D
\(-3\) to \(+3\)

Solution

Nitrogen shows different oxidation states ranging from \(-3\) to \(+5\).
Since nitrogen atom has \(5\) electrons in its outermost shell, so higher electronegative elements can extend their oxidation state up to \(+5\), while in the case of taking electrons it cannot go beyond \(8\) electrons. So, at most, it can accept \(3\) electrons.
Hence, the correct option is (A).
Question 8
1 / -0

Which of the following is the most acidic?

A
P₂O₃

B
Sb₂O₃

C
B₂O₃

D
As₂O₃
Question 9
1 / -0

Which of the following will not produce hydrogen gas?

A
Reaction between \({Fe}\) and dil. \({HCl}\)

B
Reaction between \({Zn}\) and \({NaOH}\)

C
Reaction between \({Zn}\) and conc. \({H}_{2} {SO}_{4}\)

D
Electrolysis of \(NaCl\) in Nelsons cell

Solution

The reaction that is between zinc and concentrated sulfuric acid, does not evolve hydrogen gas because Concentrated sulphuric acid and zinc react to form Zinc sulfate, water, and sulfur dioxide. The concentrated sulphuric acid acts as an oxidizing agent.
\(2 {H}_{2} {SO}_{4}+{Zn} \rightarrow {ZnSO}_{4}+2 {H}_{2} {O}+{SO}_{2}\)
There is no evolution of hydrogen gas in the above reaction.
Hence, the correct option is (C).
Question 10
1 / -0

Upon hydrolysis, S₂Cl₂ slowly forms HCl, SO₂ and 'X'. Which of the following is 'X'?

A
SO₃

B
H₂

C
O₂

D
S
Question 11
1 / -0

Which of the following species is not a pseudohalide?

A
N₃^–

B
CN^–

C
OCN^–

D
IF₈^–
Question 12
1 / -0

A gas X with disagreeable odour reduces silver nitrate solution to give metallic silver and is itself oxidised to Y. Y is a dibasic acid with reducing properties. It is slowly oxidised in air to a tribasic acid Z. Though Z is a tribasic acid, it behaves in aqueous solution mostly as a dibasic acid. When a mixture of X and N₂O is subjected to electric spark, Z is obtained.

The gas X is

A
ammonia

B
phosphine

C
hydrogen sulphide

D
sulphur dioxide
Question 13
1 / -0

Directions: The following question has four choices, out of which ONLY ONE is correct.

Which of the following statements about SCl₄ is not correct?

A
It is a stable solid.

B
It has a trigonal bipyramidal structure with one of the equatorial positions occupied by a lone pair of electrons.

C
S-Cl bond distances in equatorial and axial positions are 155 pm and 165 pm, respectively.

D
Cl-S-Cl bond angles in equatorial and axial planes are 102⁰ and 172⁰,respectively.
Question 14
1 / -0

The stability of dihalides of Si, Ge, Sn and Pb increases steadily in the sequence

A
SiX₂ < GeX₂ < SnX₂ < PbX₂

B
PbX₂ < SnX₂ < GeX₂ < SiX₂

C
GeX₂ < SiX₂ < SnX₂ < PbX₂

D
SiX₂ < GeX₂ < PbX₂ < SnX₂
Question 15
1 / -0

Which of the following is the strongest acid?

A
HClO₄

B
HNO₃

C
HClO

D
H₂SO₄
Question 16
1 / -0

Fluoride ions are added to toothpaste to

A
maintain brightness of teeth

B
harden enamel of teeth

C
improve digestion

D
remove bacteria from mouth
Question 17
1 / -0

The hybridisation and the geometry of ICl₃ in liquid phase are ____ and _____, respectively.

A
sp³, bent

B
sp³d, square planar

C
sp³d², see–saw

D
sp³d, T–shaped
Question 18
1 / -0

Directions: The following question has four choices, out of which ONLY ONE is correct.

Xe and F₂ heated in molar ratio 1 : 20 at 400⁰C give a compound X. X reacts slowly with atmospheric moisture to give Y and HF. When X reacts with small quantity of water, we get a product Z. Z can also be obtained by the interaction of X with silica. Y reacts with X to give Z. But Y and Z react to give XeO₂F₂.

Y is

A
Xe

B
XeO₃

C
XeOF₄

D
XeO₂F₂
Question 19
1 / -0

Which among the following forms basic oxide?

A
Antimony

B
Nitrogen

C
Bismuth

D
Phosphorous

Solution

As we move down the group in periodic table , metallic character increases so Bi is a metal thus its oxide is basic.
Question 20
1 / -0

The oxidation state of nitrogen in dinitrogen oxide is

A
+ 1

B
+ 2

C
+ 3

D
+ 4
Question 21
1 / -0

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding hypophosphorous acid?

A
It is a dibasic acid.

B
It contains P in +1 oxidation state.

C
It is a strong reducing agent.

D
It is obtained during the preparation of phosphine from white phosphorus.
Question 22
1 / -0

Directions: The following question has four choices, out of which ONLY ONE is correct.

P₄O₈ reacts with sufficient water to produce

A
four moles of phosphoric acid + O₂ gas

B
four moles of phosphorous acid + O₂ gas

C
phosphoric acid + phosphorous acid

D
three moles of phosphorous acid + one mole of PH₃ gas
Question 23
1 / -0

Directions: The following question has four choices, out of which ONLY ONE is correct.

An inorganic salt (a) is decomposed at about 523 K to give products (b) and (c). Compound (c) is liquid at room temperature and is neutral to litmus paper, while oxide (b) on burning with white phosphorus gives a dehydrating agent (d). Compounds (a), (b), (c) and (d) will be identified respectively as:

A
NH₄NO₃, N₂O, H₂O, P₄O₁₀

B
NH₄NO₂, N₂O, H₂O, P₄O₁₀

C
CaCO₃, CaO, H₂O, CaCl₂

D
CaCO₃, CaO, H₂O, Ca(OH)₂
Question 24
1 / -0

Directions: The following question has four choices, out of which ONLY ONE is correct.

Which of the following statements about white phosphorus is true?

A
It has six P-P single bonds.

B
It has three P-P sigma bonds.

C
It has two lone pairs of electrons.

D
The P-P-P angle in it is 109^o27^`.
Question 25
1 / -0

The number of lone pairs of electrons in XeO₄ is

A
0

B
1

C
2

D
3

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p-Block Elements Test - 3

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p-Block Elements Test - 3

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Question 1

Bismuth

Arsenic

Antimony

Phosphorous

Solution

Question 2

Ammonium chloride with calcium hydroxide

Ammonium chloride with sodium hydroxide

Nitrogen and hydrogen

Calcium cyanamide with water

Solution

Question 3

Na2S2O3 is a solid and is easy to handle as compared to ammonia

Na2S2O3 is cheaper than ammonia

Na2S2O3 gives better quality pictures than ammonia

ammonia is harmful and unpleasant to the photographer in confined space of darkroom

Question 4

Five

Eight

Six

Four

Solution

Question 5

it is the most electronegative element and has no vacant d-orbital

it is small in size

it cannot form covalent bonds because of its highest electronegativity

its atomic volume is very small

Question 6

– 3, +3, +5

– 3, +3

+3, +5

– 3, +5

Solution

Question 7

\(-3\) to \(+5\)

\(-5\) to \(+5\)

\(0\) to \(-5\)

\(-3\) to \(+3\)

Solution

Question 8

P2O3

Sb2O3

B2O3

As2O3

Question 9

Reaction between \({Fe}\) and dil. \({HCl}\)

Reaction between \({Zn}\) and \({NaOH}\)

Reaction between \({Zn}\) and conc. \({H}_{2} {SO}_{4}\)

Electrolysis of \(NaCl\) in Nelsons cell

Solution

Question 10

SO3

H2

O2

S

Question 11

N3–

CN–

OCN–

IF8–

Question 12

ammonia

phosphine

hydrogen sulphide

sulphur dioxide

Question 13

It is a stable solid.

It has a trigonal bipyramidal structure with one of the equatorial positions occupied by a lone pair of electrons.

S-Cl bond distances in equatorial and axial positions are 155 pm and 165 pm, respectively.

Cl-S-Cl bond angles in equatorial and axial planes are 1020 and 1720, respectively.

Question 14

Na₂S₂O₃ is a solid and is easy to handle as compared to ammonia

Na₂S₂O₃ is cheaper than ammonia

Na₂S₂O₃gives better quality pictures than ammonia

P₂O₃

Sb₂O₃

B₂O₃

As₂O₃

SO₃

H₂

O₂

N₃^–

CN^–

OCN^–

IF₈^–

Cl-S-Cl bond angles in equatorial and axial planes are 102⁰ and 172⁰,respectively.

SiX₂ < GeX₂ < SnX₂ < PbX₂

PbX₂ < SnX₂ < GeX₂ < SiX₂

GeX₂ < SiX₂ < SnX₂ < PbX₂

SiX₂ < GeX₂ < PbX₂ < SnX₂

HClO₄

HNO₃

H₂SO₄

sp³, bent

sp³d, square planar

sp³d², see–saw

sp³d, T–shaped

XeO₃

XeOF₄

XeO₂F₂

four moles of phosphoric acid + O₂ gas

four moles of phosphorous acid + O₂ gas

three moles of phosphorous acid + one mole of PH₃ gas

NH₄NO₃, N₂O, H₂O, P₄O₁₀

NH₄NO₂, N₂O, H₂O, P₄O₁₀

CaCO₃, CaO, H₂O, CaCl₂

CaCO₃, CaO, H₂O, Ca(OH)₂

The P-P-P angle in it is 109^o27^`.