Classification of Animals Test - 3

A whipworm infection, also known as trichuriasis, is an infection of the large intestine caused by a parasite called Trichuris trichiura. Mild whipworm infections often cause no symptoms. Abdominal pain, loss of appetite, and diarrhea occur when a large number of worms are present in the colon. Weight loss, bleeding from the intestine, and anemia may result, especially in children with heavy infections. Occasionally, a massive infection causes the rectum to protrude through the anus (rectal prolapse).

Euglena is a genus of unicellular flagellated Protists.

Penicillium is a genus of Ascomycetes (fungi).

Hydra is a genus of small, simple, radially symmetrical fresh-water animals belonging to the phylum Cnidaria.

Spongilla is a genus of freshwater sponges in the family Spongillidae found in lakes and slow streams.

Sponges belong to the phylum Porifera and are sessile metazoans. They are multicellular but have unspecialized cells that can transform into other types and that often migrate between the main cell layers and the mesophyll in the process. 

Platyhelminthes very commonly known as flatworms or tapeworms, these animals are soft-bodied invertebrate animals. There are around 20,000 species of these animals. A few of these live as parasites on humans and other animals.

Flatworms reproduce asexually by fragmentation . They don't required water 

 Platyhelminthes are hermaphrodites so they can produce eggs as well as sperm for fertilization 

Another method of sexual reproduction is absorption of sperm from the body surface into the skin via physical contact. So fertilization occurs in female genital tract 

So the correct answer is ' female genital tract'.

The oviducts (fallopian tubes), uterus and vagina constitute the female accessory ducts. Each fallopian tube is about 10-12 cm long and extends from the periphery of each ovary to the uterus, the part closer to the ovary is the funnel-shaped infundibulum. The edges of the infundibulum possess finger-like projections called as fimbriae, which help in the collection of the ovum after ovulation. The infundibulum leads to a wider part of the oviduct called as ampulla. The last part of the oviduct, the isthmus has a narrow lumen and it joins the uterus. The ostium of the fallopian tube (plural ostia) may refer to the proximal or distal opening of the tube.

The proximal tubal opening (ostium) is located within the uterus at the utero-tubal junction and accessible via hysteroscopy. The distal tubal opening (or abdominal ostium) is the opening in the infundibulum of the uterine tube into the abdominal cavity.

The sense organ of Ascaris is simple elevations supplied by the nerve. They include various papillae, aphids and phasmids. The dorsal lip bears two-minute double papillae whereas single papillae are called as amphid. The amphids are probably chemoreceptors, while the other sensory papillae are perhaps tango receptors. Phasmids are chemoreceptors that open one on either side of the tail of female. 

Arthropod bodies are supported by external bones or hardened exoskeleton which is made up of chitin.

It is produced by their skin which hardens to form a protective outer covering.

The exoskeleton is a non-living substance that provides protection and prevents water loss from their body.

So, the correct answer is 'Chitin'.

Ascaris lumbricoides is commonly called Roundworm.
Ancylostoma is commonly called Hookworm.
Enterobius is commonly called seat or pinworm.
Wuchereria is commonly called Filarial worm.

Hookworm is the parasitic nematode. Tapeworm and Fasciola are the flatworms (Platyhelminthes). They have dorsiventrally flattened body with bilateral symmetry organ level organization. Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

The annelids resemble the Arthropoda in the arrangement of the nervous system, which constitutes a ganglionated double chain, traversed at one point by the eoesophagus.