Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
Mildred reads Mein Kampf. Hitler’s book has been published in two volumes, the first in 1925, the second in 1926. In 1932, it isn’t read widely in Germany—not yet. An English translation hasn’t been published yet either. Mildred worries that Americans don’t understand how dangerous Hitler is. Germans don’t understand either.
Too many are dismissive. Most major German newspapers declined to run reviews of Mein Kampf when the book was published. One newspaper predicted that Hitler’s political career would be “completely finished” after people read his ramblings. Another mocked Hitler’s “fuzzy mind.” Even Nazis and right-wing nationalists took potshots. The pro-Nazi newspaper Deutsche Zeitung sneered at Hitler’s “illogical ranting.” The nationalist newspaper Neue Preussliche Zeitung fumed: “One seeks ingenuity and finds only arrogance, one seeks stimulation and reaps boredom, one seeks love and enthusiasm and finds platitudes, one seeks healthy hatred and finds insults.… Is this the book for the German people? That would be dreadful!” When Hitler bragged that all of Germany was eagerly anticipating his book, the anti-Semitic newspaper Das Bayerische Vaterland scoffed at Hitler’s egomania.
“O how modest! Why not the entire universe?” Cartoons gleefully mocked Hitler. The popular magazine Simplicissimus ran a derisive front-page caricature of Hitler peddling Mein Kampf to uninterested customers in a beer hall. It was at a beer hall in Munich, the Hofbräuhaus, where Hitler, age thirty, delivered one of his first significant speeches.
The occasion was a meeting held on February 24, 1920, by the German Workers’ Party, an obscure political party with only 190 members, Hitler among them. Hitler had fought in the First World War and was still in the army, working in the intelligence department of the Reichswehr. He had a dim view of the German Workers’ Party steering committee, a bickering bunch of drones who chose a priggish doctor to deliver the first speech. When the doctor was done, Hitler leaped onto a long table positioned smack in the middle of the crowd.
His oratorical style was provocative, his language colloquial and at times coarse. He hollered insults at politicians, capitalists, and Jews. He castigated the Reich finance minister for supporting the Treaty of Versailles, a humiliating concession to the victors of the war that would bring Germans to their knees, he warned, unless they fought back. “Our motto is only struggle!” Hitler cried. The beer-hall crowd, a fizzy mix of working-class and middle-class men, erupted—some cheering, some jeering. His controversial speeches fueled attendance at future meetings of the German Workers’ Party, which grew to 3,300 members by the end of 1921, at which point it had a new name, the National Socialist German Workers’ Party, nicknamed the Nazi Party. It also had a new chairman, Hitler, who gave himself a new title: Führer (Leader).