Structure of Indian Society Test - 3

Natural Change and Net Migration are the two factors that affect population change for a particular area.

Natural Change : This factor refers to the difference between the number of births and the number of deaths in a population.

Net Migration : Net migration is the difference between the number of people immigrating to an area and the number of people emigrating from that area. Positive net migration occurs when more people are moving into an area than leaving it, leading to population growth. Negative net migration occurs when more people are leaving an area than arriving, resulting in population decline.

India has 1.2 billion population which is around 17% of total popuulation of world i.e 6 billion.

Colonialism is defined as “control by one power over a dependent area or people.”It occurs when one nation subjugates another, conquering its population and exploiting it, often while forcing its own language and cultural values upon its people.

As per malthus population grows geometrically whereas food grains grow arithmetically.

He advocated ethical means to control Population like self control, marriages etc.

 In first stage we witness high birth rate and high death rates so differential growth rate is low.
Last stage has low death rate and low birth rate so difference is again low but at a higher stage of social and economic development.

(i) In the second stage of demographic transition, death rates decline.

This statement is correct. The second stage of the demographic transition is characterized by declining death rates. During this stage, improvements in healthcare, sanitation, and nutrition lead to lower mortality rates, particularly among infants and young children. As a result, the overall death rate in the population decreases.

(ii) The difference between birth rate and death rate decreases.

This statement is not true. The second stage is marked by a decline in death rates, but birth rates can remain high or may start to decline gradually. Consequently, the difference between birth rates and death rates can either remain relatively high or decrease, depending on the specific conditions in a given population.

In third five year plan  (1661 - 66) family planning was adopted as a measure to stabilise the population growth.

Full-fledged family planning department was created in 1966.
India is the first country in the world to launch such a programme. A separate department of Family Planning was created in 1966 under the ministry of health.