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Theromodynamics and Thermochemistry Test - 9

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Theromodynamics and Thermochemistry Test - 9
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0

    Which of the following is an expression of the disorder or randomness of a system?

    Solution

    Entropy is a measure of the number of specific ways in which a system may be arranged, often taken to be a measure of disorder.

     

  • Question 2
    1 / -0

    The unit of entropy is

    Solution

    Δ S = ΔH / H

    Therefore, the unit of entropy is JK-1.

     

  • Question 3
    1 / -0

    An ideal gas is allowed to expand both reversibly and irreversibly in an isolated system. If Ti is the initial temperature and Tf is the final temperature, which of the following statements is correct?

    Solution

    Work done in reversible process is maximum.

    Thus, T2 << T1 in reversible process or T2(rev) << T2(irrev)

     

  • Question 4
    1 / -0

    At absolute zero temperature, the entropy of every perfectly crystalline substance becomes zero. Which law is this?

    Solution

    The third law of thermodynamics is sometimes stated as the entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero is exactly equal to zero.

     

  • Question 5
    1 / -0

    When the door of a refrigerator is closed, the cooling effect inside is due to the

    Solution

    During adiabatic expansion, there is increase in volume without heat flow, in or out. Inside a refrigerator, due to the isolated system, the adiabatic expansion of refrigerator gases like freon takes place by using the heat from the gas itself. This causes lowering of temperature of the gas, i.e. cooling effect of the refrigerator.

     

  • Question 6
    1 / -0

    During adiabatic expansion, there is increase in volume without heat flow, in or out. Inside a refrigerator, due to the isolated system, the adiabatic expansion of refrigerator gases like freon takes place by using the heat from the gas itself. This causes lowering of temperature of the gas, i.e. cooling effect of the refrigerator.

    Column – I Column – II
    P. Isobaric 1. Volume
    Q. Isochoric 2. Entropy
    R. Adiabatic 3. Pressure
    S. Isentropic 4. Heat
    Solution

    An isobaric process is a thermodynamic process in which the pressure stays constant.

    An isochoric process is a constant-volume, frictionless thermodynamic process in which the system is confined by mechanically rigid boundaries. 

    An adiabatic process is any process occurring without gain or loss of heat within a system.

    A process during which the entropy remains constant is called an isentropic process.

     

  • Question 7
    1 / -0

    A piston filled with 0.04 mol of an ideal gas expands reversibly from 50.0 mL to 375 mL at a constant temperature of 37.0°C. As it does so, it absorbs 208 J of heat. The values of q and w for the process will be (R = 8.314 J/mol K) (log 7.5 = 2.01)

    Solution

    Explanation:Process is isothermal reversible expansion, hence ΔU = 0.

    ∴ q = – w

    As q = + 208 J

    Hence, w = – 208 J

     

  • Question 8
    1 / -0

    The first law of thermodynamics is nothing but the law of conservation of ________.

    Solution

    Energy is an indirectly observed quantity which comes in many forms, such as kinetic energy, potential energy, radiant energy and many others.

     

  • Question 9
    1 / -0

    One mole of a non-ideal gas undergoes a change of state (1.0 atm, 1.5 L, 195 K) to (2.0 atm, 3.0 L, 345 K) with a change in internal energy, ΔU = 20 L atm. The change in enthalpy (ΔH) of the process is

    Solution

    ΔH = ΔU + Δ(PV) = ΔU + (P2V2 - P1V1) 

    = 20.0 L atm + (2.0 atm x 3.0 L) - (1.0 atm x 1.5 L) 

    = 24.5 L atm

     

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