Chemistry Test - 3

Nickel silver, also known as German silver, Argentan, new silver, nickel brass, albata, alpacca, or electrum, is a copper alloy with nickel and often zinc. The usual formulation is 60% copper, 20% nickel and 20% zinc. Nickel silver is named for its silvery appearance, but it contains no elemental silver unless plated. The name "German silver "refers to its development by 19^th   century German metalworkers in imitation of the Chinese alloy known as paktong.

Carbon monoxide is the major harmful gas emitted by the automobile vehicles which causes air pollution. Carbon monoxide (CO) - A product of incomplete combustion, carbon monoxide reduces the blood 's ability to carry oxygen: overexposure (carbon monoxide poisoning) may be fatal. Carbon Monoxide poisoning is a major killer.

Otto Hahn, (8 March, 1879 - 28 July, 1968) was a German chemist and Nobel laureate, a pioneer in the fields of radioactivity and radiochemistry. He is regarded as "the father of nuclear chemistry ". On 15 November 1945 the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced that Hahn had been awarded the 1944 Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his discovery of the fission of heavy atomic nuclei."Otto Hahn received many governmental honours and academic awards from all over the world for his scientific work.

Honey is a supersaturated sugar solution with approximately 17.1 percent water. Fructose is the predominant sugar at 38.5 percent, followed by glucose at 31 percent.

In circular motion, the magnitude of the velocity of the body is constant but the direction is constantly changing.

Glycogen is a multi branched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of emery storage in humans animals, and fungi.

Potassium permanganate is a point-of entry treatment method that oxidizes dissolved iron, manganese, and hydrogen sulfide into solid particles that are filtered out of the water.

Diamond is harder than graphite because diamond has a more complex structure. Diamond 's structure is like many pentagons connected together, each pentagon sharing a side with another pentagon or each pentagon sharing  a point with another pentagon. All the points are linked together in some way. Graphite 's structure is very loose, with its bonds forming layers.

Bio gas is a clean unpolluted and cheap source of energy in rural areas. It consists of 55-70% methane which is inflammable. Bio gas is produced from cattle dung in a bio gas plant commonly known as gobar gas plant through a process called digestion. It helps in reducing the deforestation as it arrests for cutting of trees for firewood. It also helps in maintaining ecological balance, in rural sanitation and it needs Lower capital cost and almost cost free maintenance.

A fluorescent lamp or fluorescent tube is a gas-discharge lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury vapour. it contains mercury vapour and argon. The excited mercury atoms produce short-wave ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor to fluoresce, producing visible light. A fluorescent lamp converts electrical power into useful light more efficiently than an incandescent lamp.

Glass is considered to be a super - cooled liquid due to its lack of a first-order phase transition where certain thermodynamic variables such as volume, entropy and enthalpy are discontinuous through the glass transition. range. However, the glass transition may be described as analogous to a second-order phase transition where the intensive thermodynamic variables such as the thermal expansivity and heat capacity are discontinuous.

The most basic kind of soap is made from cuastic soda and animal fat. The two are heated together, and then cooled. The process is called "saponification ". In technical terms, saponification involves base (usually caustic soda NaOH) hydrolysis of triglyeerides which are esters of fatty acids, to form the sodium salt, of a carboxylate.

Bronze is a metal alloy consisting primarily of copper, usually with tin as the main additive. It is hard and tough, and it was particularly significant in antiquity, so much that the Bronze Age was named after the metal. However, historical pieces were often made interchangeably of bronzes or brasses with different compositions, so modern museum and scholarly descriptions of older objects increasingly use the more inclusive term "copper alloy "instead. Historically the term latten was used for such alloys.

Zirconium is non-radioactive. It is a chemical element with the symbol Zr, atomic number 40 and atomic mass of 91.224. The name of zirconium is taken from the mineral zircon, the most important source of zirconium. It is a lustrous, grey white, strong transition metal that resembles titanium.

Ethylene can promote ripening in tomatoes, bananas, citrus, pineapples, dates, persimmons, pears, apples, melons, mangos, avocados, papayas and jujubes - a clear indication that the action of ethylene is general and widespread amongst a number of fruits. It is clear that ethylene is a ripening hormone - a chemical substance produced by fruits with the specific biological phenomenon of accelerating the normal process of fruit maturation and senescence.

Manganite is an ore mineral of manganese. As a manganese ore, it ranks after pyrolusite and romanechite.

Magnesium chloride is the name for the chemical compound with the formula MgCl₂ and its various hydrates MgCl₂ (H₂ O)x. These salts are typical ionic halides, being highly soluble in water.

Ocean water freezes just like freshwater, but at lower temperatures. Fresh water freezes at 32 degrees Fahrenheit but seawater freezes at about 28.4 degrees Fahrenheit, because of the salt in it.

Vinegar is a liquid consisting mainly of acetic acid (CH₃ COOH) and water.

Explanation:

• Background: In Mendeleev's Periodic Table, eka-Aluminium was a placeholder for an element that was predicted to exist but had not been discovered yet.


• Discovery: The element that replaced eka-Aluminium in the periodic table was Gallium.


• Properties: Gallium is a metal that is solid at room temperature, but has a low melting point of 29.76°C, which is just above room temperature.


• Similarities: Gallium shares some similarities with Aluminium in terms of its chemical properties.


• Position: Gallium is located in Group 13 of the periodic table, below Aluminium, and has an atomic number of 31.