Polity Test - 4

Explanation:
The statement "Democracy exists in India; the Government is run by the elected representatives of the people "emphasizes the importance of democratic processes in India 's governance. Among the given options, A best supports this system:

One should cast vote in elections:
- Voting is a fundamental right and responsibility of citizens in a democracy.
- By casting a vote, citizens participate in the decision-making process and elect representatives who will work for their interests.
- Voting ensures that the government is accountable to the people and represents their needs and desires.

While options B and C are important aspects of being a good citizen, they are not directly related to the functioning of the democratic system. Therefore, the best answer is A.

Answer: B: Sukumar SenExplanation:

• Sukumar Sen was the first Chief Election Commissioner of independent India.
• He served as the Chief Election Commissioner from 21st March 1950 to 19th December 1958.
• Sen was responsible for organizing the first general elections in India held in 1951-52.
• Under his leadership, the Election Commission of India successfully conducted elections to the Lok Sabha and various State Legislative Assemblies.

The first General Elections for the Lok Sabha were held in 1952 .- The elections took place from October 25, 1951, to February 21, 1952.- These elections were the first in independent India and followed the adoption of the Indian Constitution in 1950.- The elections were held to elect the members of the first Lok Sabha, the lower house of India's bicameral parliament.- A total of 489 seats were contested in the elections.- The Indian National Congress, led by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, won a majority with 364 seats.

In the United States, disputes regarding the Presidential election are referred to the Supreme Court.- The Supreme Court is the highest judicial authority in the country and has the power to interpret the Constitution and make decisions on crucial matters.- If there is a disagreement or conflict related to the election process, results, or any other aspect, the Supreme Court can be called upon to review the case and provide a final verdict.- This is done to ensure that the election process is fair, transparent, and in accordance with the Constitution.

All-India Services can be created by the Parliament of India. This is because:- Article 312 of the Indian Constitution empowers the Parliament to create new All-India Services by passing a law in this regard.- The process involves the Rajya Sabha passing a resolution supported by at least two-thirds of the members present and voting, and then both houses of Parliament passing the law to create the new service.- This mechanism ensures that the creation of new All-India Services is subject to proper scrutiny and debate by the representatives of the people of India.- All-India Services are common to both the Union and State governments, and the officers of these services serve both at the central and state levels. Therefore, it is important that the decision to create such services lies with the Parliament, which represents the interests of both the central and state governments.Some examples of All-India Services are the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), the Indian Police Service (IPS), and the Indian Forest Service (IFS).

Article 315, Constitution of India

Article 315, Constitution of India 1950 (1) Subject to the provisions of this article, there shall be a Public Service Commission for the Union and a Public Service Commission for each State.

The correct answer is B as a member of the State Public Service Commission can be removed for misbehavior only after an inquiry by supreme court.

Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.- Assertion (A): No qualifications have been prescribed for the membership of the Union Public Service Commission. - This statement is true. The Indian Constitution does not prescribe any specific qualifications for the membership of the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC).- Reason (R): The Constitution does not fix the number of members of the Union Public Service Commission. - This statement is also true. The Indian Constitution does not fix the number of members of the UPSC. The President of India has the authority to determine the number of members.- However, the reason (R) does not explain the assertion (A). The fact that the Constitution does not fix the number of members of the UPSC does not provide an explanation for why no qualifications have been prescribed for its membership. These are two separate aspects of the UPSC's constitution and functioning.

D is the correct option. National Commission for Scheduled Caste is  To be consulted as regards the reservation of post for Backward Classes, SCs/STs.
the UPSC is only concerned with the examination process and not with the classification of services, cadre management, training, service conditions etc. The government consults the UPSC on promotion and disciplinary matters.

Article 321 of the Indian Constitution deals with the extension of functions of the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC).- According to this article, the power to extend the functions of the UPSC is vested in the Parliament.- The Parliament has the authority to make laws that can extend the functions of the UPSC if it deems necessary.- This provision ensures that the UPSC's functions and responsibilities can be modified or expanded to meet the changing needs of the country, without requiring any amendment to the Constitution.

A member of the State Public Service Commission can be removed by:- II. President due to infirmity of body or mind: According to Article 317 of the Constitution of India, the President has the power to remove a member of the State Public Service Commission if the member is adjudged to be physically or mentally unfit to perform their duties.- IV. President for misbehavior after receiving a Supreme Court report after due enquiry: As per Article 317 of the Constitution, the President can also remove a member of the State Public Service Commission for misbehavior. However, this can only be done after the Supreme Court has conducted an enquiry and submitted a report to the President recommending the removal of the member.Statements I and III are incorrect because the Governor does not have the power to remove a member of the State Public Service Commission for misbehavior or insolvency. The removal process is solely under the authority of the President as per the Constitution of India.

Article 323 of the Constitution: - According to Article 323 of the Indian Constitution, the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) is required to submit an annual report to the President of India.- The President then lays down this report before both Houses of Parliament, i.e., the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha.Non-Acceptance of UPSC Report: - In case the government does not accept the report submitted by the UPSC, it is obligatory on the government to provide reasons for such non-acceptance.- These reasons must be laid before both Houses of Parliament, i.e., the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha.Answer: - Based on the provisions of Article 323, the correct answer is (C) Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.

Statement I: Members of the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) are appointed by the President of India. This statement is correct according to Article 316 of the Indian Constitution. - Statement II: Members of the UPSC are ineligible for re-appointment. This statement is also correct as per Article 317 of the Indian Constitution, which states that members of the UPSC cannot be reappointed to the same position.- Statement III: The statement that members hold office for 6 years or till 60 years, whichever is earlier, is incorrect. According to Article 316(2) of the Indian Constitution, a member of the UPSC holds office for a term of 6 years or until they attain the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier.In conclusion, only statements I and II are correct.

• Assertion (A): The Union Public Service Commission must be consulted on the reservation of posts for Backward classes, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. This statement is false . The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) is primarily concerned with the recruitment of candidates for All India Services and Central Services. It does not deal directly with the reservation of posts for various categories. Reservation policies are determined by the government in accordance with the Constitution and relevant laws.
• Reason (R): The functions of the Union Public Service Commission are only advisory and the Government need not act upon its advice in any case. This statement is true . The UPSC is an advisory body, and its recommendations are not binding on the government. It is the government's discretion to accept or reject the advice of the UPSC. The primary function of the UPSC is to assist the government in matters related to recruitment, promotion, and disciplinary matters of civil servants.