Art and Culture Test - 3

All are correctly matched.Kurnool - Traces of ash have been found herewhich suggests that people were familiarwith the use of fire.Bagor - This site provides the earliestevidence for the domestication of animals.Mehrgarh - Women and men learnt to growbarley and wheat, and rear sheep and goatsfor the first time in this area.

• The most remarkable development in thereligious field in India from about the sixthcentury A.D was the spread of tantricism. Itarose as a result of the large-scale admissionof the aboriginal peoples in brahmanicalsociety. It laid great stress on the use ofmagic rituals. They were intended to satisfy the material desires of the devotees forphysical possessions and to cure the day-todaydiseases and injuries.
• Tantricism admitted both women andshudras into its ranks. It permeated Jainism,Buddhism, Shaivism and Vaishnavism.
• Therefore, only 1 and 2 are correct.

• Buddhism did not follow absolute non voilence.
• As per buddhist doctrine one can kill if it is necessary. Buddhist Monks even used to consumed meat.

Aryabhatta discovered algebra and alsoformulated the area of a triangle, which ledto the origin of Trigonometry.Varahamihira in Panch Siddhantika gives thesummary of five schools of astronomypresent in his time.Zero was discovered in India in the secondcentury BC. Brahmagupta ’s BrahmasputaSiddhanta is the very first book thatmentioned ‘zero ’as a number, hence,Brahmagupta is considered as the man whofound zero.Varahamihira ’s Brihatsamhita of the sixthcentury AD is a work in the field ofastronomy.

2 only. Though P waves travel with fastest speed, they are not most destructive. L waves are most violent and destructive. It ’s the S waves that are analogous to light waves because S waves are transverse in the nature and the particle moves at right angles to the direction of propagation.

• Khajuraho temples were patronised byChandella dynasty. Some of the features ofthe temples include:
  • The temples are made of sandstone.
  • Both the interior and exterior walls are lavishly decorated with carvings.Temple walls of the templespatronized by Solanki rulers weredevoid of any carvings.
  • Panchayatan style of temple makingis followed. Stellate plan style,whereby shrines are led out in theshape of an intricately designed star,is followed in Hoysala School of art.
  • The temples were generally north oreast facing.
  • The temples were built on relatively high platforms.
• Examples - Lakshamana Temple, KandariyaMahadeva Temple.
• Some Jain temples are also found inKhajuraho.

• Major eighteen works were called asMelkannakku .18 Minor works were calledKilkanakku. Many of the social events arepresented in this literature like economy inancient time etc. showing social evolution.Tolkapiyyam, Silppadikaram and Manimeklaiwere also written during this time.
• Tolkkappiyam deals with grammar andPoetics.
• Silappadikarm deals with love story in whicha dignatory called Kovalan prefers acourtesan called Madhavi of kaveripattanamto his noble wedded wife Kannagi andManimekalai is another story which dealswith adventures of the daughter born out ofunion of Kovalan and Madhavi.

• The sufi orders are broadly divided into two:Ba-shara, that is, those which followed theIslamic law(shara) and be-shara, that is thosewhich were not bound by it. Both types oforders were significant in India, the laterbeing followed more by wandering saints.Although the saints didn 't established anorder some of them became figures of populrveneration for Both Hindus and Muslims.
• Of the ba-shara movements, two acquiredsignificant influence. These were Chisti andSuharwadi silsilahs. The Chisti andSuharwardi silsilahs which followed Ba-sharatradition acquired significance influence inIndia. Hence, statement 1 is wrong andstatement 2 is correct.

• The movement that emerged in Karnataka in twelfth century was led by a brahamananamed Basavanna. Hence, statement 1 iscorrect.
• The followers of the movement known as Virashaivas or Lingayats worship Shiva in hismanifestation as a linga. Hence, statement 2is wrong.
• The Lingayats encouraged certains practicesthat were disapproved in the Dharmashastra,such as post- puberty marriage and theremarriage of widows. Hence, statement 3 is  correct.