Honours and Awards Test - 3

Ashoka Chakra
The Ashoka Chakra is the highest peacetime gallantry award in India. It is awarded for acts of bravery, courage, and self-sacrifice. Here is a detailed explanation of the criteria for receiving the Ashoka Chakra:
Definition:
The Ashoka Chakra is a circular-shaped medal made of gold. It features a central motif of the Ashoka Lion in the center with a surrounding wreath of lotus flowers. The words "Ashoka Chakra" are inscribed in Hindi on the upper edge of the medal.
Criteria:
The Ashoka Chakra is awarded for the most conspicuous bravery or self-sacrifice on land, air, or sea. However, it is important to note that the act of bravery should not have taken place in the presence of the enemy. In other words, it is recognized for acts of gallantry in peacetime situations.
Recognition:
The Ashoka Chakra is awarded by the President of India on the occasion of Republic Day, which is celebrated on January 26th every year. It is the highest peacetime gallantry award and is considered a prestigious honor.
Examples:
Some notable recipients of the Ashoka Chakra include brave individuals who have displayed extraordinary courage and selflessness in various situations, such as:
- Saving lives during natural disasters or accidents
- Rescuing others from life-threatening situations
- Displaying exceptional bravery and valor in the face of grave danger
- Sacrificing one's own life to protect others
Conclusion:
The Ashoka Chakra is awarded to individuals who demonstrate exceptional bravery and self-sacrifice in peacetime situations. It recognizes acts of gallantry that display courage, valor, and a commitment to the welfare and safety of others.

The Nobel Prize was first awarded in 1901.
The Nobel Prize is a set of prestigious international awards given annually in several categories, including Physics, Chemistry, Medicine, Literature, and Peace. Here is a detailed explanation of the Nobel Prize's history and its first award in 1901:
1. Establishment of the Nobel Prizes:
- The Nobel Prizes were established by the will of Alfred Nobel, a Swedish inventor, engineer, and industrialist.
- Nobel left a significant portion of his wealth to fund annual prizes to be awarded for outstanding achievements in various fields.
2. Alfred Nobel's Will:
- Alfred Nobel's will, which was written in 1895, specified the establishment of the Nobel Prizes.
- The prizes were to be awarded in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Medicine, Literature, and Peace.
- The first four categories were to be awarded by Swedish institutions, while the Peace Prize was to be awarded by a committee appointed by the Norwegian Parliament.
3. The First Nobel Prizes:
- The first Nobel Prizes were awarded in 1901, five years after Alfred Nobel's death.
- The Nobel Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Medicine, Literature, and Peace were all awarded for the first time.
- The Nobel Prizes were presented to the laureates at ceremonies held on December 10th, the anniversary of Alfred Nobel's death.
4. The Nobel Prize in Peace:
- The Nobel Peace Prize was the first award to be presented in 1901.
- The first recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize was Henry Dunant, a Swiss humanitarian, and founder of the Red Cross.
- The other Nobel Prizes were presented later in the same year.
5. Evolution of the Nobel Prizes:
- Over the years, the Nobel Prizes have evolved, and additional categories have been added.
- The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, commonly referred to as the Nobel Prize in Economics, was established in 1968 and first awarded in 1969.
In conclusion, the Nobel Prize was first awarded in 1901, according to Alfred Nobel's will. Since then, the Nobel Prizes have become one of the most prestigious awards in the world, recognizing outstanding contributions and achievements in various fields.

Owner of Nobel Prize for Literature

• Linus Pauling: Linus Pauling was an American chemist and peace activist. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1954 and the Nobel Peace Prize in 1962, but he did not receive the Nobel Prize for Literature.


• Samuel Beckett: Samuel Beckett was an Irish playwright, novelist, and poet. He is best known for his play "Waiting for Godot" and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1969. Therefore, Samuel Beckett is the owner of the Nobel Prize for Literature.


• Philip Noel-Baker: Philip Noel-Baker was a British politician and diplomat. He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1959 for his efforts in disarmament and international peace, but he did not receive the Nobel Prize for Literature.


• Ralph Bunche: Ralph Bunche was an American diplomat and mediator. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1950 for his successful negotiation of a ceasefire during the Arab-Israeli conflict, but he did not receive the Nobel Prize for Literature.

The 'Cannes Award' is given for excellence in which field?
The 'Cannes Award' is given for excellence in the field of films.
Explanation:
The Cannes Award is one of the most prestigious and internationally recognized awards in the film industry. It is awarded annually at the Cannes Film Festival, which is held in Cannes, France. The festival showcases a wide range of films from various genres and countries, and the Cannes Award is given to honor exceptional achievements in filmmaking.
The award is presented in different categories, including the Palme d'Or (Golden Palm), which is the highest prize awarded to the best feature film. Other categories include Best Director, Best Actor, Best Actress, and many more. The winners are selected by a jury of esteemed professionals from the film industry, including directors, actors, and critics.
Receiving a Cannes Award is considered a significant accomplishment for filmmakers, as it not only recognizes their artistic excellence but also provides them with international acclaim and exposure. The award-winning films often go on to achieve commercial success and critical acclaim worldwide, contributing to the growth and recognition of the film industry.
Overall, the Cannes Award celebrates and promotes excellence in the field of films, honoring the talented individuals who contribute to the art of storytelling through the medium of cinema.

Khushwant Singh (Journalist) : Returned his Padma Bhushan in protest against Operation Blue Star (1984); awarded Padma Vibhushan in 2007.

As stipulated in the will of the  Swedish -born inventor and international industrialist Alfred Nobel, which was opened after his death in 1896, the Nobel Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine and Literature are awarded in  Stockholm , Sweden , while the Nobel Peace Prize is awarded in  Oslo , Norway .

Arjuna Award is given for Outstanding performance in sports.
The Arjuna Award is one of the highest honors bestowed upon athletes in India. It is presented by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports to recognize their exceptional achievements and contributions in the field of sports. Here are the key details about the Arjuna Award:
Criteria for Selection:
- The award is given to Indian sportspersons who have consistently performed at the international level.
- The athletes should have shown exceptional skill, leadership, and sportsmanship in their respective sports.
- The performance should be consistent and spread over a period of four years.
Selection Process:
- The selection is done by a committee appointed by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports.
- The committee considers various factors such as the level of competition, the quality of opponents, and the overall impact of the athlete's performance.
- Recommendations from sports federations, sports journalists, and experts are also taken into account.
Importance of the Award:
- The Arjuna Award is a prestigious recognition and serves as a motivation for athletes to strive for excellence.
- It not only acknowledges the athlete's achievements but also brings attention to their sport and encourages its development.
- The award also provides financial assistance to the recipients, enabling them to continue their pursuit of excellence in sports.
Previous Winners:
- Over the years, the Arjuna Award has been presented to numerous athletes across various sports disciplines, including cricket, athletics, hockey, badminton, wrestling, boxing, and many more.
- Some notable recipients of the Arjuna Award include Sachin Tendulkar, Saina Nehwal, Mary Kom, Virat Kohli, PV Sindhu, and Milkha Singh.
In conclusion, the Arjuna Award is given for outstanding performance in sports. It recognizes the hard work, dedication, and achievements of Indian athletes who have excelled on the international stage. The award not only honors their contributions but also acts as a catalyst for the development of sports in the country.

Who among the following is not a recipient of the Bharatiya Jnanpith Award?

Options: 

• A: Ashaparna Devi


• B: M. F. Hussain


• C: Raghupathi Sahai


• D: V. K. Gokak 

Answer: B

Detailed

The Bharatiya Jnanpith Award is a prestigious literary award given in India. It is awarded to individuals who have made significant contributions to Indian literature. The award was established in 1961 and is presented annually by the Bharatiya Jnanpith, a literary and research organization.

Among the given options: 

• A: Ashaparna Devi - Ashaparna Devi is a renowned Bengali author who received the Bharatiya Jnanpith Award in 1976 for her contribution to Bengali literature. She is a recipient of this award.


• B: M. F. Hussain - M. F. Hussain, also known as Maqbool Fida Hussain, was a prominent Indian painter and filmmaker. However, he is not a recipient of the Bharatiya Jnanpith Award.


• C: Raghupathi Sahai - There is no known author or personality named Raghupathi Sahai associated with the Bharatiya Jnanpith Award.


• D: V. K. Gokak - V. K. Gokak was an Indian writer and scholar who received the Bharatiya Jnanpith Award in 1990 for his contributions to Kannada literature. He is a recipient of this award.  

Therefore, the correct answer is B: M. F. Hussain .

Answer:
The UNSECO's 'Prix Jules Verne' prize has been given to the following serials of Doordarshan:
- A: The World This Week
- B: Surabhi
- C: Eye Witness
- D: Turning Point
Detailed Explanation:
The UNSECO's 'Prix Jules Verne' prize has been awarded to the serials of Doordarshan, which are recognized for their exceptional contribution to public service broadcasting. Among the given options, the serials "The World This Week" and "Turning Point" have been honored with this prestigious prize.
- The World This Week: This news-based program, which aired on Doordarshan, was known for its comprehensive coverage of national and international affairs. It provided in-depth analysis and discussions on various topics, making it a popular choice among viewers.
- Turning Point: This popular talk show on Doordarshan focused on important social issues and featured interviews with influential personalities from different fields. It aimed to bring about positive change and create awareness among the masses.
On the other hand, the serials "Surabhi" and "Eye Witness" have not received the UNSECO's 'Prix Jules Verne' prize.
In conclusion, the serials "The World This Week" and "Turning Point" have been recognized and awarded the UNSECO's 'Prix Jules Verne' prize for their outstanding contribution to public service broadcasting.

Recipients of Dada Saheb Phalke Award

• Ramanand Sagar - He was the recipient of the Dada Saheb Phalke Award in 2000. Ramanand Sagar was a renowned film and television director, known for his work in the mythological genre.


• Raj Kapoor - He was honored with the Dada Saheb Phalke Award in 1987. Raj Kapoor was a legendary actor, filmmaker, and producer in the Indian film industry.


• V. Shantaram - He received the Dada Saheb Phalke Award in 1985. V. Shantaram was a prominent filmmaker and actor, known for his contributions to Indian cinema.


• Ashok Kumar - He was bestowed with the Dada Saheb Phalke Award in 1988. Ashok Kumar, also known as Dadamoni, was a veteran actor who made significant contributions to Hindi cinema.

The correct answer is Ramanand Sagar . He is not a recipient of the Dada Saheb Phalke Award.