Chemical Coordination and Integration Test - 9

Oxytocin is a neurohormone. It is a peptide hormone and neuropeptide. Oxytocin is normally produced by the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary. It plays a role in social bonding, sexual reproduction, childbirth, and the period after childbirth.

Catabolic hormones are the hormones known to break down energy sources such as glycogen, fat, and protein.
Glucagon hormone is produced by the pancreas when blood glucose gets low. Glucagon's main purpose is to raise blood glucose by breaking down glycogen found in the liver and fatty tissues.

Hürthle cell is associated with thyroid gland. Hürthle cell is used only to indicate cells of thyroid follicular origin.

Gastrin is a peptide hormone that stimulates secretion of gastric acid (HCl) by the parietal cells of the stomach and aids in gastric motility. It is released by G cells in the pyloric antrum of the stomach, duodenum, and the pancreas. Enterogastrone is secreted by the duodenal epithelium, which inhibits the secretion of gastric juice.

Ultraviolet radiation from the Sun stimulates melanocytes in the skin to produce more melanin, which in turn makes the skin browner. This seasonal tanning is most noticeable among light complexioned people. It has the effect of shielding the inner skin.

Concentration of bicarbonate ions is not controlled by PTH. Its concentration depends on the buffering capacity of blood in the form of carbonate bicarbonate buffer.

Chromaffin cells are hormone-producing cells of the adrenal medulla.

Hypertension, hyperglycemia, nervousness, sweating and complete exhaustion may occur due to hyper-secretion of epinephrine and nor-epinephrine.