Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test

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Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test - 7

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Question 1
1 / -0

Directions For Questions

The question consists of two statements, assertion (A) and reason (R). To answer this question, choose any one of the following responses.

...view full instructions

Assertion: Human beings are not suitable for controlled breeding experiments to study the inheritance of human traits.
Reason: Human beings are considered one of the most advanced species with a cranial capacity of 1450 cubic centimeters.

A
If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B
If both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C
If A is true but R is false.

D
If both A and R are false.

Solution

Human beings are not suitable for controlled breeding experiments to study the inheritance of human traits due to moral, ethical and social reasons. The average volume of human brain is 1450 cm³and is considered one of the most advanced and intelligent species.

Question 2

1 / -0

Match the following:

a. Down's syndrome	1. It is caused by an extra 18th chromosome and is characterised by sloping chin, broad ears and mental retardness.
b. Edward's syndrome	2. It is caused due to an extra 13th chromosome and is characterised by cleft palate and hard lip.
c. Patau's syndrome	3. It is caused due to an extra 21st chromosome and is characterised by opened mouth, flattened nose and short ears.

a - 2, b - 1, c - 3

a - 2, b - 3, c - 1

a - 1, b - 3, c - 2

a - 3, b - 1, c - 2

Solution

Down's syndrome is caused due to an extra 21^stchromosome and is characterised by opened mouth, flattened nose and short ears. Edward's syndrome is caused by an extra 18^th chromosome and is characterised by sloping chin, broad ears and mental retardness. Patau's syndrome is caused due to an extra 13^th chromosome and is characterised by cleft palate and hard lip.

Question 3
1 / -0

Which of the following is caused by XXY genotype?

A
Turner's syndrome

B
Cri-du syndrome

C
Super males

D
Klinefelter syndrome

Solution

Klinefelter syndrome is caused by XXY genotype, which results by the union of an XX egg and a normal Y sperm, or normal X egg and abnormal XY sperm
Question 4
1 / -0

Recessively inherited traits are caused by recessive genes in homozygous condition. Which of the following recessively inherited traits is caused due to the absence of homogentisic acid oxidase enzyme?

A
Alkaptonuria

B
Phenyl ketonuria

C
Albinism

D
Tay-Sach's disease

Solution

Alkaptonuria is a rare genetic metabolic disorder characterized by the accumulation of homogentisic acid in the body. Affected individuals lack enough functional levels of an enzyme required to breakdown homogentisic acid. Affected individuals may have dark urine or urine that turns black when exposed to air.

Question 5

1 / -0

Match the following:

Common name	Biological name	Chromosome number
a. Sweet pea	1. Zea mays	p. 20
b. Maize	2. Lathyrus odoratus	q. 24
c. Rice	3. Oryza sativa	r. 14

c - 2 - r, b - 1 - p, a - 3 - q

a - 3 - r, b - 2 - p, c - 1 - q

a - 2 - p, b - 1 - r, c - 3 - q

a - 2 - r, b - 1 - p, c - 3 - q

Solution

The biological name of sweet pea is Lathyrus odoratus and its chromosome number is 14. The biological name of maize is Zea mays and its chromosome number is 20. The biological name of rice is Oryza sativa and its chromosome number is 24.

Question 6
1 / -0

The addition or deletion of one or more chromosomes in a set is called

A
euploidy

B
aneuploidy

C
polyploidy

D
heteroploidy

Solution

Aneuploidy is the presence of an abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell, for example a human cell having 45 or 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46. An extra or missing chromosome is a common cause of genetic disorders, including some human birth defects. Aneuploidy originates during cell division when the chromosomes do not separate properly between the two cells. Most cases of aneuploidy result in miscarriage and the most common extra autosomal chromosomes among live births are 21, 18 and 13.
Question 7
1 / -0

Loss of one chromosome from one set is called

A
tetrasomy

B
nullisomy

C
monosomy

D
trisomy

Solution

Monosomy is the loss of one chromosome from a set. Therefore, there are 45 chromosomes in each cell of the body instead of the usual 46. A number of human conditions occur due to monosomy, such as Turner syndrome, Cri du chat syndrome, 1p36 deletion syndrome, etc.
Question 8
1 / -0

Chiasmata formation in Drosophila

A
generally takes place in males and females

B
takes place only in males

C
never or rarely takes place in males

D
never or rarely takes place in females

Solution

Meiotic crossover and recombination is absent in Drosophila males and some female lepidopterans. This condition is termed as achiasmy.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which of the following chromosome numbers is present in a trisomic individual?

A
2n + 1

B
2n - 1

C
2n - 2

D
2n + 2

Solution

A trisomy is a chromosomal disorder characterised by an additional chromosome. It is represented by 2n +1 condition.

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Principles of Inheritance and Variation Test - 7

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Question 1

If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

If both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

If A is true but R is false.

If both A and R are false.

Solution

Question 2

a - 2, b - 1, c - 3

a - 2, b - 3, c - 1

a - 1, b - 3, c - 2

a - 3, b - 1, c - 2

Solution

Question 3

Turner's syndrome

Cri-du syndrome

Super males

Klinefelter syndrome

Solution

Question 4

Alkaptonuria

Phenyl ketonuria

Albinism

Tay-Sach's disease

Solution

Question 5

c - 2 - r, b - 1 - p, a - 3 - q

a - 3 - r, b - 2 - p, c - 1 - q

a - 2 - p, b - 1 - r, c - 3 - q

a - 2 - r, b - 1 - p, c - 3 - q

Solution

Question 6

euploidy

aneuploidy

polyploidy

heteroploidy

Solution

Question 7

tetrasomy

nullisomy

monosomy

trisomy

Solution

Question 8

generally takes place in males and females

takes place only in males

never or rarely takes place in males

never or rarely takes place in females

Solution

Question 9

2n + 1

2n - 1

2n - 2

2n + 2

Solution

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