Morphology of Flowering Plants Test - 2

Caruncle is a wart like growth present on the seeds of some angiosperms such as castor oil plant, near to the micropyle. Lodicule is a scale at the base of ovary in grasses supposed to represent part of a perianth. Gynostegium is a typical feature of the members of the milkweed family. It is a complex structure formed by the fusion of stamens, styles and stigmatic surfaces. Gynophore is the stalk of certain flowers which supports the gynoecium elevating it above the branching points of other floral parts. It is found in Capparis.

Calotropis fruit is an etaerio of follicles. A follicle is a dry unilocular fruit formed from one carpel, containing two or more seeds.

Malva has kidney shaped leaf lamina which is termed as reniform leaf lamina. This type of lamina has a deep notch at the base.

Stem thorn modification is seen in Duranta; here axillary bud is modified into thorn. Cylindrical phylloclade is seen in Casuarina; here the stem gets modified into a leaf like structure. Cladode modification is seen in Ruscus, cladodes are green stem branches of limited growth which perform photosynthesis and in agave the stem is modified into bulbils which are fleshy and round stem due to storage of food.

Groundnut is a Lomentum fruit. This fruit develops from bicarpellary, syncarpous and superior ovary. All other options are examples of cremocarp schizocarpic fruits. This fruit is developed from inferior, bicarpellary, syncarpous, bilocular ovary.

This option is correct as the columns are matched correctly. Endosperm is formed as a result of double fertilization. Ovule, after fertilization, develops into a seed. A parthenocarpic fruit is formed without fertilization. Aleurone layer in the monocot seed provides nutrition to the developing embryo.

Indigofera is used to extract blue dye. It belongs to the family Fabaceae.

The placenta is attached to the developing seed near the hilum. A hilum is a scar or mark left on a seed coat by the attachment of the former to the ovary wall or to the funiculus.

This option is correct. Pulses belong to the family Fabaceae or Leguminosae. This family is widely distributed, and is the third-largest land plant family in terms of number of species. The Fabaceae family includes a number of important agricultural and food plants, including Glycine max (soybean), Phaseolus (beans), Pisum sativum (pea), Cicer arietinum (chickpeas), Medicago sativa (alfalfa), Arachis hypogaea (peanut), Ceratonia siliqua (carob), and Glycyrrhiza glabra (liquorice).

Although orchids are monocots, their seeds lack endosperm. Hence, their seeds are termed as exalbuminous.