Biodiversity and its Conservation Test 1

Speciation maintains biodiversity both at species level and community level. New species develop from older species due to variation having more adaptive in changed habitat.

Whittaler in 1972 described three terms for measuring biodiversity over spatial scale alpha, beta and gamma diversity. Alpha diversity refers to the diversity within a particular area or ecosystem, and is usually expressed by the number of species i.e. species richness in that ecosystem. 
Beta diversity is a comparison of diversity between ecosystems, usually measured as the amount of species change between the ecosystems.
Gamma diversity is a measure of the overall diversity for the different ecosystem within a region.

When a graph is drawn to compare the relationship between species richness and area for wide variety of texa, the graph appears to be a rectangular hyperbola.

Article 51-A of the constitution of India specifies about the duty of every citizen regarding protection and improving natural environment of forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife.

If all members fo a host species die the parasite that obtain their food from the particular host also die off due to lack of food. This represent co-existence of species.

When we will move away from the equator towards poles there is a gradual decrease in the species diversity. This is because climatic condition becomes gradually adverse as we move from equator to poles.

Wetlands are areas where water is the primary factor controlling the environment and the associated plant and animal life. They occur where the water table is at or near the surface of the land, or where the land is covered by water.

India has about 50,000 type of rice and 1000 types of varieties of mango. This thigh level of diversity indicates very high genetic diversity and one of the largest in the world.

Species area relationship is the relationship between the area and the particular habitat. It is dependent on immigration, extinction and clustering etc. It was first studied by Alexander Von Humbolt.

Tropical Botanical garden and research institute is situated at Thiruvananthapuram.

Dehang Dibang biosphere reserve is in eastern Himalayan regions in state of Arunachal Pradesh, India.

To protect the elephants from poachers and increasing their number project elephant was started in 1992.

NWCP stands for national wetland conservation programme. Wetland are areas where water is the primary factor controlling the environment and associated plant and animal life.

A total of 34 hotspots in the world has been identified till date by Norman Myers.

When a graph is drawn to compare the relationship between species richness and area for wide variety of texa, the graph appears to be a rectangular hyperbola.

Gene sanctuary is the protected area in natural habitat for endangered species. Tura range sanctuary of Meghalaya is gene sanctuary for a number of endangered plant species.

Gulf of Mannar biosphere reserve is located in Tamil Nadu, Cold desert biosphere reserves in Himachal Pradesh, Agasthayamalai biosphere reserve in Kerala and Tamil Nadu and Nandadevi biosphere reserves in Uttarakhand.

The extent to which numbers of different species are equal or skewed well refer to species eveness or relative abundance. Species eveness or relative abundance depends upon availability of natural resources essential for organisms.

Cryopreservation is the method of preserving living organisms or their parts at extremely low temperature. To preserve seeds that rapidly lose viability and cannot survive desiccation are preserved by this method.

Introducing exotic species into new areas will increase competition for food and space. Sometimes, exotic species brings disease along with them. Exotic species new area do not lead to extinction of native species.

More than 15,500 species worldwide is facing threat of extinction which includes amphibians, gymnosperms, reptiles, birds and mammals etc.

Sacred lake is a pool of water generally near religious places where catching fish and other aquatic animals are strictly prohibited. Khecheopalari Lake of Sikkim is a sacred lake in India among many.

Biogeography is the study of the distribution of species (biology), organisms, and ecosystems in geographic space and through geological time. There are ten biogeographic zones in India.

The organisms that has been completely eliminated or died out from earth are called extinct organisms. For example Dodo.

Amzonian rain forests are called as lungs of forest because it contains different kinds of vegetation that purify the atmosphere of the earth.