Thermodynamics Test

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Thermodynamics Test - 29

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) followed by a statement of Reason (R) is given. Choose the correct option out of the choices given below each question.
Assertion (A): Combustion of all organic compounds is an exothermic reaction.
Reason (R) : The enthalpies of all elements in their standard state are zero.

A
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C
C. A is true but R is false.

D
D. A is false but R is true.

Solution

Reason (R) : Combustion reactions breaks the bonds of organic compound molecules, and the resulting water and carbon dioxide bonds always release more energy than was used to break them originally. That’s why burning organic compounds produces energy and is exothermic.
Question 2
1 / -0

In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) followed by a statement of Reason (R) is given. Choose the correct option out of the choices given below each question.
Assertion (A) : Spontaneous process is an irreversible process and may be reversed by some external agency.
Reason (R) : Decrease in enthalpy is a contributory factor for spontaneity.

A
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C
C. A is true but R is false,

D
D. A is false but R is true.

Solution

Decrease in enthalpy may be a contributory factor for spontaneity, but it is not true for all cases. Entropy is also one of the external agency.
Question 3
1 / -0

In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) followed by a statement of Reason (R) is given. Choose the correct option out of the choices given below each question.
Assertion (A) : A liquid crystallises into a solid and is accompanied by decrease in entropy.
Reason (R) : In crystals, molecules organise in an ordered manner.

A
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C
C. A is true but R is false.

D
D. A is false but R is true.

Solution

Entropy of system decreases when the liquid changes into solid. In crystalline state,molecules are ordered having less randomness.
Question 4
1 / -0

In the following questions, more than one correlation is possible between options of both columns.
Match the following:

A
A. (i) → (e), (ii) → (d), (iii) → (f) (iv) → (a) (v) → (g), (k), (l) (vi) → (b) (vii) → (c) (viii) → (j) (ix) → (h) (x) → (i) (xi) → (a), (l), (m) (xii) → (g), (k)

B
B. (i) → (e), (ii) → (d), (iii) → (f) (iv) → (a) (v) → (b), (k), (l) (vi) → (g) (vii) → (c) (viii) → (j) (ix) → (h) (x) → (i) (xi) → (a), (l), (m) (xii) → (g), (k)

C
C. (i) → (e), (ii) → (d), (iii) → (f) (iv) → (a) (v) → (g), (k), (l) (vi) → (b) (vii) → (j) (viii) → (c) (ix) → (h) (x) → (i) (xi) → (a), (l), (m) (xii) → (g), (k)

D
D. (i) → (e), (ii) → (d), (iii) → (f) (iv) → (a) (v) → (g), (k), (l) (vi) → (b) (vii) → (c) (viii) → (j) (ix) → (i) (x) → (h) (xi) → (a), (l), (m) (xii) → (g), (k)

Solution

Correct match is
(i) Adiabatic process - No transfer of heat
(ii) Isolated system - No exchange of energy and matter
(iii) Isothermal change - Constant temperature
(iv) Path function - Heat
(v) State function - Internal energy, Entropy, Pressure
(vi) ΔU = q - At constant volume
(vii) Law of conservation of energy - First law of thermodynamics
(viii) Reversible process - Infinitely slow process which proceeds through a series of equilibrium states.
(ix) Free expansion - p_ext = 0
(x) ΔH = q - At constant pressure
(xi) Intensive property - Heat, Pressure, Specific heat
(xii) Extensive property - Internal energy, Entropy
Question 5
1 / -0

Match the following processes with entropy change:

A
A. (i) → (a), (ii) → (b), (iii) → (c)

B
B. (i) → (b), (ii) → (c), (iii) → (a)

C
C. (i) → (c), (ii) → (b), (iii) → (a)

D
D. (i) → (a), (ii) → (c), (iii) → (b)

Solution
Question 6
1 / -0

Match the following parameters with description for spontaneity :

A
A. (i) → (c), (ii) → (b), (iii) → (a)

B
B. (i) → (b), (ii) → (a), (iii) → (c)

C
C. (i) → (a), (ii) → (b), (iii) → (c)

D
D. (i) → (c), (ii) → (a), (iii) → (b)

Solution
Question 7
1 / -0

Match the following :

A
A. (i) → (b), (d) (ii) → (b), (iii) → (c) (iv) → (a)

B
B. (i) → (c), (d) (ii) → (b), (iii) → (b) (iv) → (a)

C
C. (i) → (b), (d) (ii) → (c), (iii) → (a) (iv) → (b)

D
D. (i) → (d), (b) (ii) → (b), (iii) → (c) (iv) → (a)

Solution
Question 8
1 / -0

Assertion: The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a closed or isolated system always increases. This means that all available energy is used up and there is no more potential for further useful work.
Reason: The system becomes disordered and also degraded.

A
Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion

B
Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not correct explanation for Assertion

C
Assertion is correct but reason is in correct

D
Both Assertion and Reason is incorrect
Solution
Degraded energy is energy that becomes unavailable which means it is no longer able to produce work.
Degraded energy has a connection with the second law of thermodynamics. The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a closed or isolated system always increases. This means that all available energy is used up and there is no more potential for further useful work. The system becomes disordered and also degraded. This is also called the Entropy Law.