Alcohol, Phenol and Ether Test - 15

Alkyl alcohol and ether having same molecular formula ( Here C2H6O) are functional isomers of each other. As both having different functional group first one has -OH & second one has -O- functional group in the same carbon chain respectively .

Ethers resist the attack of nucleophiles and bases. However, they are very good solvents in many organic reactions due to their ability to solvate cations by donating the electron pair from oxygen atom. Ethers are generally less reactive and react only with acids.

Ethers are compounds which are basic in nature. There is no acidic H in the compound while it has a donor O atom.

IUPAC name of diisopropyl ether is Iso propoxy propane.

When treated with aq. acid, most commonly H₂SO₄, alkenes form alcohols. Regioselectivity predicted by Markovnikov’s rule. Reaction proceeds via protonation to give the more stable carbocation intermediate. Not stereoselective since reactions proceeds via planar carbocation.

The Williamson ether synthesis is an organic reaction used to convert an alcohol and an alkyl halide to an ether using a base such as NaOH. The mechanism begins with the base abstracting the proton from the alcohol to form an alkoxide intermediate. The alkoxide then attacks the alkyl halide in a nucleophilic substi-tution reaction (SN2), which results in the formation of the final ether product and a metal halide by-product.
 

Because 3^o haloalkanes like tert-butyl bromide (option a) give alkenes and not ethers when treated with a strong base like sodium ethoxide. So the exact answer is (b).

When anisole is nitrated with a mixture of conc HNO₃ and H₂SO₄ it gives a mixture of ortho-Nitroanisole and para-Nitroanisole (major) products.

Phenol being more acidic than alcohols, dissolves in NaOH

Ethers behave as Lewis bases due to the presence of two lone pair of electrons on oxygen atom.