Solutions Test

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Solutions Test - 1

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

For 1 molal aqueous solution of the following compounds, which one will show the highest freezing point?

A
[Co(H₂O)₃Cl₃].3H₂O

B
[Co(H₂O)₆]Cl₃

C
[Co(H₂O)5Cl]Cl₂.H₂O

D
[Co(H₂O)₄Cl₂]Cl.2H₂O

Solution

We know that ΔT_f ∝ i, where ΔT_f = T_f - T_f^'

T_f^' is the freezing point of the solution.

When 'i' increases, the freezing point of the solution decreases.

Hence, the complex having the minimum value of van’t Hoff’s factor (i) will give the minimum number of molecules in the solution and thus the highest freezing point.

[Co(H₂O)₃Cl₃].3H₂O will give one ion as three water outside the coordination sphere won't give ion.

[Co(H₂O)₆]Cl₃will give four ions.

[Co(H₂O)5Cl]Cl₂.H₂O will give three ions

[Co(H₂O)₄Cl₂]Cl.2H₂O will give two ions

Thus, [Co(H₂O)₃Cl₃].3H₂O would be the answer as it will give the minimum number of ion and hence the highest freezing point.
Question 2
1 / -0

0.1 M NaCl and 0.1 M glucose would exert

A
same osmotic pressure

B
osmotic pressure in the ratio of 1: 3

C
osmotic pressure in the ratio of 2: 1

D
osmotic pressure in the ratio of 1: 2

Solution

Van’t Hoff factor for NaCl is 2 as it dissociates into Na⁺ and Cl^-.

Van’t Hoff factor for glucose is 1 as it doesn’t dissociate.

Ratio of osmotic pressure is in ratio of Van’t Hoff factors as they have same concentration. Osmotic pressure = iCRT.

Ratio = 2:1.
Question 3
1 / -0

Which of the following aqueous solution will exert maximum osmotic pressure at 300 K?

A
1 M NaCl

B
1 M CaCl₂

C
1 M AlCl₃

D
All are same

Solution

Van’t Hoff factor for NaCl is 2 as it dissociates into Na⁺ and Cl^-.

Van’t Hoff factor for CaCl₂ is 3 as it dissociates into Ca²⁺ and 2 Cl^-.

Van’t Hoff factor for AlCl₃ is 4 as it dissociates into Al³⁺ and 3 Cl^-.

As osmotic pressure is proportional to Van’t Hoff factor. Therefore, AlCl₃ exert maximum osmotic pressure.
Question 4
1 / -0

The Van’t Hoff factor for a dilute aqueous solution of glucose is 

A
zero

B
1.0

C
1.5

D
2.0

Solution

Solution of glucose don’t dissociate.

Therefore, initial concentration = final concentration.

Hence, it Van’t Hoff factor is 1.
Question 5
1 / -0

Which of the following is correct for a non-ideal solution of liquids A and B, showing positive deviation?

A
∆H_mix = –ve

B
∆V_mix = –ve

C
∆S_mix = +ve

D
All are correct

Solution

For solutions showing positive deviation. The intermolecular forces between solute are lower than that of ideal solution.

Its volume is higher than that of ideal solution due to positive deviation.

As lesser bonds are formed energy is absorbed as compared to ideal solution, this result in positive enthalpy change.

Entropy of system always increase due to increase in number of particles.

Therefore, ∆H_mix = +ve , ∆V_mix = +ve , ∆S_mix = +ve
Question 6
1 / -0

The correct term for solution that contains the maximum quantity of solute at a given temperature?

A
supersaturated solution

B
aqueous solution

C
saturated solution

D
unsaturated solution

Solution

Saturated solution is the solution that contains maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given solution at a certain temperature.

If more quantity of solute is added to saturated solution, it will not be dissolved in i
Question 7
1 / -0

What is the concentration, in % (m/v) of a solution containing 15.0 g KCl in 600.0 mL solution?

A
5.00%

B
2.00%

C
0.200%

D
2.50%

Solution

Mass of KCl = 15g

Volume of solution = 600ml

Mass / volume percent is the mass of solute in 100 ml of solution.

15 g of solute is in 600 ml of solution.

m/v % = (mass of solute (g)) / volume of solution (ml) X 100

m/v % = 15/600 * 100 = 2.5%
Question 8
1 / -0

How would you prepare 500.0 mL of a 2.00 mol/L solution of HCl from a solution of 12.0 mol/L?

A
To some water in a 500.0 mL volumetric flask, add 83.3 mL of concentrated acid, then dilute to the mark.

B
To some water in a 500.0 mL volumetric flask, add 8.33 mL of concentrated acid, then dilute to the mark.

C
To some water in a 500.0 mL volumetric flask, add 3.00 mL of concentrated acid, then dilute to the mark.

D
Pour 83.3 mL of concentrated acid into a 500.0 mL volumetric flask. Dilute with water to the mark.

Solution

We need to decrease the concentration of solution. For this to occur we need to dilute our solution.

We have to add some water in 500ml flask to dilute the solution and then add 83.3ml acid to make it dissolve in extra water added.

After that we dilute our solution to required concentration.
Question 9
1 / -0

Two completely miscible liquids A & B form an ideal solution. What is the vapour pressure of solution containing 2 moles of A and 3 moles of B at 300K?[Given: At 300 K, Vapour pr. of pure liquid A(P_A^o) = 100 torr and Vapour pr. of pure liquid B (P_B^o) = 300 torr]

A
200 torr

B
140 torr

C
180 torr

D
None of these

Solution

X_A = 2/5 mole fraction of A

X_B = 3/5 mole fraction of B

By raoults law: P_total = P °_A X_A + P °_B X_B

P_total = 100 x 2/5 + 300 x 3/5 = 220 torr

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Solutions Test - 1

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Solutions Test - 1

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Question 1

[Co(H2O)3Cl3].3H2O

[Co(H2O)6]Cl3

[Co(H2O)5Cl]Cl2.H2O

[Co(H2O)4Cl2]Cl.2H2O

Solution

Question 2

same osmotic pressure

osmotic pressure in the ratio of 1: 3

osmotic pressure in the ratio of 2: 1

osmotic pressure in the ratio of 1: 2

Solution

Question 3

1 M NaCl

1 M CaCl2

1 M AlCl3

All are same

Solution

Question 4

zero

1.0

1.5

2.0

Solution

Question 5

∆Hmix = –ve

∆Vmix = –ve

∆Smix = +ve

All are correct

Solution

Question 6

supersaturated solution

aqueous solution

saturated solution

unsaturated solution

Solution

Question 7

5.00%

2.00%

0.200%

2.50%

Solution

Question 8

To some water in a 500.0 mL volumetric flask, add 83.3 mL of concentrated acid, then dilute to the mark.

To some water in a 500.0 mL volumetric flask, add 8.33 mL of concentrated acid, then dilute to the mark.

To some water in a 500.0 mL volumetric flask, add 3.00 mL of concentrated acid, then dilute to the mark.

Pour 83.3 mL of concentrated acid into a 500.0 mL volumetric flask. Dilute with water to the mark.

Solution

Question 9

200 torr

140 torr

180 torr

None of these

Solution

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[Co(H₂O)₃Cl₃].3H₂O

[Co(H₂O)₆]Cl₃

[Co(H₂O)5Cl]Cl₂.H₂O

[Co(H₂O)₄Cl₂]Cl.2H₂O

1 M CaCl₂

1 M AlCl₃

∆H_mix = –ve

∆V_mix = –ve

∆S_mix = +ve