Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Test 12

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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Test 12

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
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Direction (Q. Nos. 1-16) This section contains 16 multiple choice questions. Each question has four choices (a), (b), (c) and (d), out of which ONLY ONE option is correct.
Q. The correct statement for the molecule Csl^-₃ is

A
it is a covalent compound

B
it contains Cs³⁺ and l^- ions

C
it contains Cs⁺ and l^-₃ ions

D
it contains cs⁺ , l^- ions and lattice l₂ molecule

Solution

Cs is electropositive element hence, it forms Cs+ ion. Hence, no covalent bonding.

Cs⁺ has stable inert gas configuration thus, Cs³⁺ is not formed.
Question 2
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Mg²⁺, 0^2- is formed when

A
ionisation energy of Mg is low

B
electron affinity of O is low

C
ionisation energy of O is low

D
ionisation energy of Mg is high

Solution

Smaller the IE of Mg, easier the formation of Mg²⁺.
Greater the EA of O, easier the formation of O2^-.
Question 3
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Solubility of KCI is maximum in

A
CH₃CH₂OH

B
CH₃OCH₃

C
H₂O

D
CH₃COOH

Solution

KCI is an ionic compound. Force of attraction (F) between K+

Greater the value of D, smaller the value of F, hence larger the solubility.
Note D for CH₃OCH₃ is least out of given solvents, thus solubility is minimum.
Question 4
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Lewis structure of MgCI₂ and Al₂O₃ are

A

B

C
Both (a) and (b) are correct

D
None of the above

Solution

Mg(1s² 2s² 2p⁶3s²) is an electropositive element and Cl(1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵)is an electronegative element.

Mg²⁺ attains stable inert gas configuration.

Cl^- also attains stable inert gas configuration.

Al³⁺ attains stable inert gas configuration.

O^2- attains stable inert gas configuration.
Question 5
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Lewis structure of the elements M and Z are shown below.
Compound formed is

A
M₅Z₃

B
M₂Z₃

C
MZ

D
MZ₃

Solution

(Three electrons extra than octet, it can donate three electrons)

(Three electrons short of octet, it can gain three electrons)
Thus, M³⁺ Z^3-
Compound is MZ,
Question 6
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Different kinds of bonds and interaction present within CuSO₄ • 5H₂O. They can be
I. σ-bond
II. π-bond
III. coordinate bond
IV. electrostatic force of attraction
V. H-bond due to dipole-dipole interaction
VI. H-bond due to ion-dipole interaction
Select the correct types of bonds/interactions.

A
I, II and III

B
I, III and IV

C
I, III, V and VI

D
All of these

Solution

IV. Electrostatic force of attraction between and
V. H₂O molecules joined together by dipole-dipole interaction.
VI. Outer H₂O molecule joined to by ion-dipole interaction.
Question 7
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Consider the following compounds
I. K₄[Fe(CN)₆]
II. NH₄Cl
III. H₂SO₄
IV. [Ni (CO)₄]
Q.
Ionic, covalent and coordinate bonds are present in

A
all except II

B
all except IV

C
all except I

D
all except III

Solution
Question 8
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Out of the following, maximum covalent nature is in

A
NaF

B
MgO

C
AIN

D
SiC

Solution

By Fajans rule,
Smaller the size of cation, larger the size of anion. Larger the charge on cation or anion, larger the polarising power and thus, greater the covalent nature.
Question 9
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Arrange NaCI, MgCI₂, AICI₃, SiCI₄ in increasing solubility in ether (non-polar solvent).

A
NaCI < MgCI₂ < AlCI₃ < SiCI₄

B
SiCI₄ < AICI₃ < MgCl₂ < NaCI

C
SiCI₂ = AICI₃ < MgCI₂ < NaCI

D
Can’t be decided

Solution

Like dissolves like. Polar solvents (as H₂O) dissolve polar compounds (ionic compounds) and non-polar solvents (as ether) dissolve non-polar compounds (covalent compounds).
By Fajans’ rule smaller the size of cation, larger the size of anion. Larger the charge on cation or anion then larger the polarising power and thus, larger the covalent nature and thus, solubility in non-polar solvents.
Question 10
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Covalent nature of NaF, Na₂O and Na₃N in the increasing order is

A
Na₃N < Na₂O < NaF

B
NaF < Na₂O < Na₃N

C
Na₂O < NaF < Na₃N

D
Na₂O < Na₃ N < NaF

Solution

By Fajans' rule,
Smaller the size of cation, larger the size of anion. Larger the charge on cation or anion, larger the polarising power and thus, greater the covalent nature.
NaF, Na₂O, Na₃N, Na⁺ is same.
Question 11
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Solubility of CuS(l), ZnS (II) and Na₂S (III) in water is in the order

A
I < II < III

B
III < l < II

C
II < I < Ill

D
Ill < II < I

Solution

By Fajans' rule,
Smaller the size of cation, larger the size of anion.
Larger the charge ord-electrons present, then larger the polarising power of cation and larger the covalent nature and smaller the solubility in water.

Cu²⁺ due to shielding effect causes more screening than Zn²⁺.
Thus, polarising power of Na⁺ 2+ < Cu²⁺ hence, ionic nature and solubility in water is in order
CuS < ZnS < Na₂S
Question 12
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Which pair is not in the correct order of lattice energy?

A
KCl < MgO

B
AIN > MgO

C
BeCO₃ > MgCO₃

D
BeCO₃ = MgCO₃

Solution

Based on Fajans' rule,
Smaller the size of cation, larger the size of anion, larger the charge,
d-f-Aelectrons present then larger the polarising power, larger the covalent nature and larger the lattice energy.
Question 13
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Most stable compound is

A
LiF

B
LiCI

C
LiBr

D
Lil

Solution

By Fajans’ rule,
Smaller the size of cation, larger the size of anion, larger the charge, then larger the polarising power, larger the covalent nature, means low melting point.
Smaller the ionic nature, means low melting point

Hence, most stable is LiF.
Question 14
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Out of the following ions, which pair wil make the compound most covalent?

A
Na⁺, F^-

B
Mg²⁺, O2^-

C
Al³⁺, N3^-

D
Si⁴⁺,C^4-

Solution

By Fajans’ rule, smaller the size of cation, larger the size of anion, larger the charge on cation or anion,
d- and f-electrons present on the ion then greater the polarising power of the ion to polarise the other ion, thus larger the covalent nature.

Thus, com pound with Si⁴+ (smallest cation) and C^4- (largest anion) will be most covalent.
Question 15
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Aqueous solution of a mixture contains LiCI, CuCI, NaCI and AICI₃. This is shaken with ether. What is/are left in water?

A
LiCI, NaCI

B
NaCI, AICI₃

C
Only CuCI

D
Only NaCI

Solution

Polarising power of Li⁺ > Na⁺ and AI³⁺ > Na⁺
Thus, LiCI and AICI₃ have covalent nature and extracted into ether.
CuCI due to d-electrons has covalent nature. (Polarising power of Cu⁺ > Na⁺).
Thus, only NaCI (ionic) remains in water.
Question 16
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Select the correct statement(s).

A
CuCI is covalent and NaCI is ionic

B
Inner electrons have poor shielding effect on the nucleus and thus, electronegativity of the 18-electrons shell is increased

C
Cations with 18-electrons shell have greater polarising power than the cations with 8-electrons shell

D
All of the above are correct statements

Solution

Cu⁺ = [Ar] 3d¹⁰, Cu⁺ has inner 18-electrons shell. Shielding effect is decreased. Thus, electronegativity is increased. This results in greater polarising power of Cu⁺ .
Hence, CuCI is covalent.