States of Matter : Gases & Liquids Test 12

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States of Matter : Gases & Liquids Test 12

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
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Direction (Q. Nos. 1-3) This section contains 3 multiple choice questions. Each question has four choices (a), (b), (c) and (d), out of which ONLY ONE option is correct.
Q. The critical tem perature of water is higher than that of O₂ because the H₂O molecules have

A
fewer electrons that O₂

B
two covalent bonds

C
V-shaped structure

D
dipole moment

Solution

Critical temperature is directly proportional to intermolecular force of attraction. H₂O is a polar molecule, has greater intermolecular force of attraction than O₂, hence higher critical temperature.
Question 2
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Select the correct statement.

A
the density of CO₂(/)decreases and that of CO₂(g) increases and at T = T_c, densities are equal

B
the density of CO₂(/) increase and that of CO₂(g) decreases and at T - T_c, densities are equal

C
the density of CO₂(/) and that of CO₂(g) increases

D
the density of CO₂(/)and that of CO₂(g) decreases
Question 3
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(reduced pressure), (reduced volume) and (reduced temperature), then,

A

B

C

D

Solution

Let P/P_C = π, V/V_C = Φ and T/T_C = θ
(P + a/V²)(V-b) = RT
(πP_C + a/Φ²V_C²)(ΦV_C - b) = RT
(πa/27b² + a/Φ²9b²)(3Φb - b) = R×8θa/27Rb
a/27b(π+3/Φ²)(3Φ-1) = 8θa/27b
(π + 3/Φ²)(3Φ-1) = 8θ
Question 4
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Direction (Q. Nos. 4) Choice the correct combination of elements and column I and coloumn II are given as option (a), (b), (c) and (d), out of which ONE option is correct.
Q. Values of different types of temperatures have been given in Column II. Match these values with the correct definition of temperatures in Column I and mark the correct answer from codes :

A
a

B
b

C
c

D
d

Solution

T_C = 8a/27Rb
T_B = a/Rb
T_I = 2a/Rb
T_C/T_I = 4/27
Question 5
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Direction (Q. Nos. 5-9) This sectionis based on statement I and Statement II. Select the correct answer from the code given below.
Q.
Statement I : Gases do not liquefy above th e ir T_c (critical temperature), even on applying high pressure.
Statement Il : Above T_c , m olecular speed is high and interm olecular attractions cannot hold the molecules together, because they escape due to high speed.

A
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I

B
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is not the correct explanation of Statement I

C
Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect

D
Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct

Solution

The correct answer is option A
Both statement 1 and statement 2 are true and statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1. Gases do not liquefy above their critical temperature, even applying high pressure because above critical temperature, the molecular speed is high and intermolecular attractions cannot hold the molecules together.
Question 6
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Statement I : At T_c , liquid passes into gaseous state im perceptibly and continuously.
Statement II : At T_c, density of liquid and gaseous phase is equal.

A
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I

B
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is not the correct explanation of Statement I

C
Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect

D
Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct

Solution

Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion. Gases do not liquefy above their critical temperature, even an applying high pressure because above critical temperature, the molecular speed is high and intermolecular attractions cannot hold the molecules together.
Question 7
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Statement I : At T_c, there is no distinction between the gaseous state and liquid state and no second phase is formed irrespective of the pressure of the system.
Statement II : At the critical point, densities of a substance in gaseous and liquid states are equal.

A
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I

B
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is not the correct explanation of Statement I

C
Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect

D
Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct

Solution

At critical temperature, there is no distinction b/w liquid and gases irrespective of pressure applied. Critical temperature depends on the magnitude of intermolecular forces of attraction present between the gas molecules.
Higher critical temperature represents strong intermolecular forces of attraction present between the gas molecules.
Such gas can be easily liquified.
Question 8
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Statement I : Reduced equation of state in terms of reduced temperature θ reduced volume and reduced pressure π can be applied to solid, gases and liquid.
Statement II: Equation is independent of p, V and T as well as independent of van der Waais’ constant a and b.

A
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I

B
Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is not the correct explanation of Statement I

C
Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect

D
Statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct

Solution

Let P/PC = π, V/V_C = Φ and T/T_C = θ
(P + a/V²)(V-b) = RT
(πP_C + a/Φ²V_C²)(ΦV_C- b) = RT
(πa/27b² + a/Φ²9b²)(3Φb - b) = R×8θa/27Rb
a/27b(π+3/Φ²)(3Φ-1) = 8θa/27b
(π + 3/Φ²)(3Φ-1) = 8θ