States of Matter : Gases & Liquids Test 16

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States of Matter : Gases & Liquids Test 16

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Question 1
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Real gases do not obey the gas equation PV = nRT. The extent of deviation is measured in terms of compressibility factor (Z). The Van Der Waal’s equation describes the behaviour of real gases. The liquefaction of the gases depends upon the value of Van Der Waal’s constant 'a' and 'b'. Answer the given questions (i) to (iv).
Q. Which set of conditions represent easiest way to liquefy a gas?

A
A. Low temperature and high pressure

B
B. High temperature and low pressure

C
C. Low temperature and low pressure

D
D. High temperature and high pressure

Solution

At low temperature the kinetic energy of the gas molecule decreases and they cannot raise force of attraction. The gas molecules come closer and changes into liquid state. When pressure increases, the molecules of gases closer together due to decrease in volume.
Question 2
1 / -0

Real gases do not obey the gas equation PV = nRT. The extent of deviation is measured in terms of compressibility factor (Z). The Van Der Waal’s equation describes the behaviour of real gases. The liquefaction of the gases depends upon the value of Van Der Waal’s constant 'a' and 'b'. Answer the given questions (i) to (iv).
Q. If V_o and V_i are the observed and ideal gas molar volume respectively, then Z for the gas is:

A
A. V₀/V_i

B
B. V_i/V₀

C
C. V_o – V_i

D
D. V_o + V_i

Solution

Z for the gas is V₀/V_i.
Question 3
1 / -0

Real gases do not obey the gas equation PV = nRT. The extent of deviation is measured in terms of compressibility factor (Z). The Van Der Waal’s equation describes the behaviour of real gases. The liquefaction of the gases depends upon the value of Van Der Waal’s constant 'a' and 'b'. Answer the given questions (i) to (iv).
Q. If V is the molar volume of the gas and gas obeys Van Der Waal’s equation, the intercept of the plot PV(y-axis) versus P (x-axis) is:

A
A. RT

B
B. -RT

C
C.

D
D. nRT

Solution

At intercepts : V → ∞, PV = RT + Pb, This equation is a straight line equation. (Y = mx + c).
Question 4
1 / -0

Real gases do not obey the gas equation PV = nRT. The extent of deviation is measured in terms of compressibility factor (Z). The Van Der Waal’s equation describes the behaviour of real gases. The liquefaction of the gases depends upon the value of Van Der Waal’s constant 'a' and 'b'. Answer the given questions (i) to (iv).
Q. The compressibility of a gas is less than unity at STP. Therefore:

A
A. V_m > 22.4 litres

B
B. V_m < 22.4 litres

C
C. V_m = 22.4 litres

D
D. V_m = 44.8 litres

Solution

(Z = compressibility factor)
For one mole of real gas P = 1 atm, T = 273 K, R = 82.1 cm³ atm K⁻¹ mol⁻¹
Question 5
1 / -0

Viscosity is the internal resistance to the flow possessed by a liquid. The internal resistance depends upon the intermolecular attractive forces. Liquids which flow rapidly have low internal resistance, small intermolecular forces and low viscosity. Glass is an extremely viscous liquid, hence, its properties resemble to that of solids.
Assertion: Effusion rate of Oxygen is smaller than nitrogen.
Reason: Molecular size of Nitrogen is smaller than Oxygen.

A
A. A and R both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

B
B. A and R both are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C
C. A is true but R is false.

D
D. A is false but R is true.

Solution

Molecular mass of oxygen is greater than nitrogen. Effusion rate (γ) ∝ 1/√m it does not depend on molecular size.
Question 6
1 / -0

Viscosity is the internal resistance to the flow possessed by a liquid. The internal resistance depends upon the intermolecular attractive forces. Liquids which flow rapidly have low internal resistance, small intermolecular forces and low viscosity. Glass is an extremely viscous liquid, hence, its properties resemble to that of solids.
Assertion: Vapour pressure is the characteristic property of liquids.
Reason: It does not depend upon the quantity of the liquid.

A
A. A and R both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

B
B. A and R both are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C
C. A is true but R is false.

D
D. A is false but R is true.

Solution

Vapour pressure of a liquid depends on the temperature and nature of the liquid.
Question 7
1 / -0

Viscosity is the internal resistance to the flow possessed by a liquid. The internal resistance depends upon the intermolecular attractive forces. Liquids which flow rapidly have low internal resistance, small intermolecular forces and low viscosity. Glass is an extremely viscous liquid, hence, its properties resemble to that of solids.
Assertion: Viscosity of the liquid decreases with decrease in temperature.
Reason: Kinetic energy of the molecules increases with increase in temperature.

A
A. A and R both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

B
B. A and R both are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C
C. A is true but R is false.

D
D. A is false but R is true.

Solution

Viscosity of the liquid decreases with increase in temperature. The kinetic energy of the molecules increases which can overcome the intermolecular force between the molecules of the liquids.
Question 8
1 / -0

Viscosity is the internal resistance to the flow possessed by a liquid. The internal resistance depends upon the intermolecular attractive forces. Liquids which flow rapidly have low internal resistance, small intermolecular forces and low viscosity. Glass is an extremely viscous liquid, hence, its properties resemble to that of solids.
Assertion: Viscosity of water is higher than ethanol.
Reason: Intermolecular forces in water are greater than ethanol.

A
A. A and R both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

B
B. A and R both are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C
C. A is true but R is false.

D
D. A is false but R is true.

Solution

We found in an experiment using Ostwald's method that ethanol is more viscous than water, which is already surprising as water has stronger intermolecular bonds than ethanol as @MaxW pointed out. The mixture of both substances furthermore is significantly more viscous than both individual substances.

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States of Matter : Gases & Liquids Test 16

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States of Matter : Gases & Liquids Test 16

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Question 1

A. Low temperature and high pressure

B. High temperature and low pressure

C. Low temperature and low pressure

D. High temperature and high pressure

Solution

Question 2

A. V0/Vi

B. Vi/V0

C. Vo – Vi

D. Vo + Vi

Solution

Question 3

A. RT

B. -RT

C.

D. nRT

Solution

Question 4

A. Vm > 22.4 litres

B. Vm < 22.4 litres

C. Vm = 22.4 litres

D. Vm = 44.8 litres

Solution

Question 5

A. A and R both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

B. A and R both are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C. A is true but R is false.

D. A is false but R is true.

Solution

Question 6

A. A and R both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

B. A and R both are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C. A is true but R is false.

D. A is false but R is true.

Solution

Question 7

A. A and R both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

B. A and R both are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C. A is true but R is false.

D. A is false but R is true.

Solution

Question 8

A. A and R both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

B. A and R both are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C. A is true but R is false.

D. A is false but R is true.

Solution

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A. V₀/V_i

B. V_i/V₀

C. V_o – V_i

D. V_o + V_i

A. V_m > 22.4 litres

B. V_m < 22.4 litres

C. V_m = 22.4 litres

D. V_m = 44.8 litres