Equilibrium Test 18

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Equilibrium Test 18

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Question 1
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In the following question, a statement of Assertion (A) followed by a statement of Reason (R) is given. Choose the correct option out of the choices given below each question.
Assertion (A): Increasing order of acidity of hydrogen halides is HF < HCI < HBr < HI
Reason (R): While comparing acids formed by the elements belonging to the same group of periodic table. H-A bond strength is a more important factor in determining acidity of an acid than the polar nature of the bond.

A
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C
C. A is true but R is false.

D
D. Both A and R are false.

Solution

Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
As, H−A bond strength is a more important factor in determining acidity than its polar nature. As the size of A increases down the group, H−A bond strength decreases.
Question 2
1 / -0

In the following question, a statement of Assertion (A) followed by a statement of Reason (R) is given. Choose the correct option out of the choices given below each question.
Assertion (A): The ionization of hydrogen sulphide in water is low in the presence of hydrochloric acid.
Reason (R): Hydrogen sulphide is a weak acid.

A
A. Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A.

B
B. Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A.

C
C. A is true but R is false

D
D. Both A and R are false

Solution

Reason (R): The dissociation/ ionisation of hydrogen sulphide in water is low in the presence of HCl due to common ion effect. It can be defined as a shift in equilibrium on adding a substance that provides more of an ionic species already present in the dissociation equilibrium.
Question 3
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In the following question, a statement of Assertion (A) followed by a statement of Reason (R) is given. Choose the correct option out of the choices given below each question.
Assertion (A) : Aqueous solution of ammonium carbonate is basic.
Reason (R) : Acidic/basic nature of a salt solution of a salt of weak acid and weak base depends on K_a and K_b value of the acid and the base forming it.

A
A. Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A.

B
B. Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A.

C
C. A is true but R is false.

D
D. Both A and R are false.

Solution

Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
As, K_a and K_b values are responsible for acidic and basic characters of substances.
Question 4
1 / -0

In the following question, a statement of Assertion (A) followed by a statement of Reason (R) is given. Choose the correct option out of the choices given below each question.
Assertion (A) : In the dissociation of PCl₅ at constant pressure and temperature, addition of helium at equilibrium increases the dissociation of PCl₅.
Reason (R) : Helium removes Cl2 from the field of action.

A
A. Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A.

B
B. Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A.

C
C. A is true but R is false.

D
D. Both A and R are false.

Solution

In the dissociation of PCl₅ at constant pressure and temperature, addition of helium at equilibrium will not increase dissociation of PCl₅. Helium does not react with reactants or products.
Question 5
1 / -0

In the following question, a statement of Assertion (A) followed by a statement of Reason (R) is given. Choose the correct option out of the choices given below each question.
Assertion (A): A solution containing a mixture of acetic acid and sodium acetate maintains a constant value of pH on addition of small amounts of acid or alkali.
Reason (R) : A solution containing a mixture of acetic acid and sodium acetate acts as a buffer solution around pH 4.75.

A
A. Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A.

B
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C
C. A is true but R is false.

D
D. Both A and R are false.

Solution

Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion.
As, the solutions which resist change in pH on dilution or with the addition of small amounts of acid or alkali are called buffer solutions.
Question 6
1 / -0

In the following question, a statement of Assertion (A) followed by a statement of Reason (R) is given. Choose the correct option out of the choices given below each question.
Assertion (A) : For any chemical reaction at a particular temperature, the equilibrium constant is fixed and is a characteristic property.
Reason (R) : Equilibrium constant is independent of temperature.

A
A. Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A.

B
B. Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A.

C
C. A is true but R is false.

D
D. Both A and R are false.

Solution

Reason (R): As the concentration of reactants or products does not affect equilibrium constant at a particular temperature. Also, equilibrium constant varies with temperature.
Question 7
1 / -0

In the following question, a statement of Assertion (A) followed by a statement of Reason (R) is given. Choose the correct option out of the choices given below each question.
Assertion (A): An aqueous solution of ammonium acetate can act as a buffer.
Reason (R) : Acetic acid is a weak acid and NH₄OH is a weak base.

A
A. Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A.

B
B. Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A.

C
C. A is false but R is true.

D
D. Both A and R are false.

Solution

Assertion: An aqueous solution of ammonium acetate acts as a salt of weak acid and weak base.
Question 8
1 / -0

Match the following equilibria with the corresponding condition:

A
A. (i) → (b), (ii) → (d) (iii) → (c), (iv) → (a)

B
B. (i) → (c), (ii) → (d) (iii) → (c), (iv) → (a)

C
C. (i) → (a), (ii) → (d) (iii) → (c), (iv) → (a)

D
D. (i) → (d), (ii) → (d) (iii) → (c), (iv) → (a)

Solution

(i) Liquid ⇌ Vapour equilibrium exists at the boiling point.
(ii) Solid ⇌ Liquid equilibrium exists at the melting point.
(iii) Solid ⇌ Vapour equilibrium exists at the sublimation point.
(iv) Solute(s) ⇌ Solute (solution) equilibrium exists in saturated solution.
Question 9
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Match Column (I) and Column (II).

A
A. (i) → (b) & (c) (ii) → (d ) (iii) → (a)

B
B. (i) → (a) & (c) (ii) → (d ) (iii) → (a)

C
C. (i) → (c) & (c) (ii) → (d ) (iii) → (a)

D
D. (i) → (d) & (c) (ii) → (d ) (iii) → (a)

Solution

(i) When reaction is in equilibrium, ΔG^o = 0. Hence, (i)-(c).
(ii) For spontaneous reaction, ΔG < 0(−ve), K > 1. Hence (ii)-(d).
(iii) For non-spontaneous reaction, ΔG > 0(+ve), K < 1. Hence (iii) - (a).
Question 10
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Match the following graphical variation with their description.

A
A. (i) → (c) (ii) → (a) (iii) → (b)

B
B. (i) → (a) (ii) → (a) (iii) → (b)

C
C. (i) → (b) (ii) → (a) (iii) → (b)

D
D. (i) → (d) (ii) → (a) (iii) → (b)
Solution
According to Le chatelier's principle as the time passes accumulation of products occur and depletion of reactant i.e. reaction will proceed in the forward direction.
According to Le chatelier's principle as time passes accumulation of reactant occurs and depletion of product i.e. the reaction will proceed in the backward direction.
According to Le chatelier's principle as time passes equal attainment of reactant and product occurs and chemical Equilibrium is obtained. It can be obtained from either direction.

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Equilibrium Test 18

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Equilibrium Test 18

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Question 1

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C. A is true but R is false.

D. Both A and R are false.

Solution

Question 2

A. Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A.

B. Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A.

C. A is true but R is false

D. Both A and R are false

Solution

Question 3

A. Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A.

B. Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A.

C. A is true but R is false.

D. Both A and R are false.

Solution

Question 4

A. Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A.

B. Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A.

C. A is true but R is false.

D. Both A and R are false.

Solution

Question 5

A. Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A.

B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C. A is true but R is false.

D. Both A and R are false.

Solution

Question 6

A. Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A.

B. Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A.

C. A is true but R is false.

D. Both A and R are false.

Solution

Question 7

A. Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A.

B. Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A.

C. A is false but R is true.

D. Both A and R are false.

Solution

Question 8

A. (i) → (b), (ii) → (d) (iii) → (c), (iv) → (a)

B. (i) → (c), (ii) → (d) (iii) → (c), (iv) → (a)

C. (i) → (a), (ii) → (d) (iii) → (c), (iv) → (a)

D. (i) → (d), (ii) → (d) (iii) → (c), (iv) → (a)

Solution

Question 9

A. (i) → (b) & (c) (ii) → (d ) (iii) → (a)

B. (i) → (a) & (c) (ii) → (d ) (iii) → (a)

C. (i) → (c) & (c) (ii) → (d ) (iii) → (a)

D. (i) → (d) & (c) (ii) → (d ) (iii) → (a)

Solution

Question 10

A. (i) → (c) (ii) → (a) (iii) → (b)

B. (i) → (a) (ii) → (a) (iii) → (b)

C. (i) → (b) (ii) → (a) (iii) → (b)

D. (i) → (d) (ii) → (a) (iii) → (b)

Solution

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