S-Block Elements Test

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S-Block Elements Test - 16

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Question 1
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Lithium and Beryllium differ from other elements of their groups. The solubility of the ionic compounds depends upon lattice enthalpy and hydration energy. Smaller cations have greater hydration enthalpy. The salts of alkaline earth metals are extensively hydrated. Now, answer the given questions (i) to (iv):
Q. The order of solubility of lithium halide in polar solvents is:

A
A. LiI > LiBr > LiCl > LiF

B
B. LiF > LiCl > LiBr > LiI

C
C. LiCl > LiBr > LiI > LiF

D
D. None of these

Solution

In Lithium halides, Lithium Fluoride is least covalent whereas Lithium Iodide is most covalent. F^– is small in size and can not be easily distorted while I^–has larger size and can be easily distorted.
Question 2
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Lithium and Beryllium differ from other elements of their groups. The solubility of the ionic compounds depends upon lattice enthalpy and hydration energy. Smaller cations have greater hydration enthalpy. The salts of alkaline earth metals are extensively hydrated. Now, answer the given questions (i) to (iv):
Q. The incorrect trend in alkali metal is

A
A. Hydration energy – Li > Na > K > Rb

B
B. Ionisation energy – Li > Na > K > Rb

C
C. Density – Li < Na < K < Rb

D
D. Atomic size – Li < Na < K < Rb

Solution

On moving downward in a group, density increases but the density of K is lesser than Na. The correct order is Li < K < Na < Rb.
Question 3
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Lithium and Beryllium differ from other elements of their groups. The solubility of the ionic compounds depends upon lattice enthalpy and hydration energy. Smaller cations have greater hydration enthalpy. The salts of alkaline earth metals are extensively hydrated. Now, answer the given questions (i) to (iv):
Q. The hydroxide which has maximum solubility in water?

A
A. Ba(OH)₂

B
B. Mg(OH)₂

C
C. Ca(OH)₂

D
D. Be(OH)₂

Solution

In Ba(OH)₂, the size of the cation increases and the lattice energies decreases.
Question 4
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Lithium and Beryllium differ from other elements of their groups. The solubility of the ionic compounds depends upon lattice enthalpy and hydration energy. Smaller cations have greater hydration enthalpy. The salts of alkaline earth metals are extensively hydrated. Now, answer the given questions (i) to (iv):
Q. Which of the following forms only the normal oxide M₂O on heating in air?

A
A. Rb

B
B. K

C
C. Li

D
D. Na

Solution

Li with O₂ form monoxide (Li₂O). Na form peroxide (Na₂O₂) K and Rb form superoxide (MO₂).
Question 5
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The lighter alkaline earth metals are very important in animal and plant physiology. Magnesium functions as the active center in some enzymes and calcium salts take a structural role in bones. The alkaline earth metals have the second lowest first ionisation energies in their respective periods. The ions of these elements perform important biological functions like maintenance of ion balance and nerve impulse conduction. The given questions (i) to (iv) consist of an assertion (A) and reason (R). Choose the correct option.
Assertion: The second ionisation enthalpies of the alkaline earth metals are smaller than the metals.
Reason: The second electron is to be removed from the cation have inert gas configuration.

A
A. A and R both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

B
B. A and R both are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C
C. A is true but R is false.

D
D. A is false but R is true.

Solution

Calcium ions bind protein, which allows the motor neuron to transmit signal. Calcium present in plasma and maintained by hormones.
Question 6
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The lighter alkaline earth metals are very important in animal and plant physiology. Magnesium functions as the active center in some enzymes and calcium salts take a structural role in bones. The alkaline earth metals have the second lowest first ionisation energies in their respective periods. The ions of these elements perform important biological functions like maintenance of ion balance and nerve impulse conduction. The given questions (i) to (iv) consist of an assertion (A) and reason (R). Choose the correct option.
Assertion: Be and Mg impart colour to the flame.
Reason: They have high ionisation energies.

A
A. A and R both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

B
B. A and R both are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C
C. A is true but R is false.

D
D. A is false but R is true.

Solution

Small sized Be and Mg atoms have high ionization energies. Hence, the energy of flame is not sufficient to excite their electrons. Thus, Be and Mg do not produce colour in flame.
Question 7
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The lighter alkaline earth metals are very important in animal and plant physiology. Magnesium functions as the active center in some enzymes and calcium salts take a structural role in bones. The alkaline earth metals have the second lowest first ionisation energies in their respective periods. The ions of these elements perform important biological functions like maintenance of ion balance and nerve impulse conduction. The given questions (i) to (iv) consist of an assertion (A) and reason (R). Choose the correct option.
Assertion: Calcium help in neuromuscular function.
Reason: All Calcium passes through the plasma.

A
A. A and R both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

B
B. A and R both are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C
C. A is true but R is false.

D
D. A is false but R is true.

Solution

Be and Mg have high ionisation energies. So, electrons do not get excited to higher energy level. Hence they do not import colour to the flame.
Question 8
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The lighter alkaline earth metals are very important in animal and plant physiology. Magnesium functions as the active center in some enzymes and calcium salts take a structural role in bones. The alkaline earth metals have the second lowest first ionisation energies in their respective periods. The ions of these elements perform important biological functions like maintenance of ion balance and nerve impulse conduction. The given questions (i) to (iv) consist of an assertion (A) and reason (R). Choose the correct option.
Assertion: Alkaline earth metals are reducing agents.
Reason: They have low ionisation enthalpies and high negative values of E°.

A
A. A and R both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

B
B. A and R both are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C
C. A is true but R is false.

D
D. A is false but R is true.

Solution

Due to low ionization potential and having the smallest nuclear charge, they can easily lose an electron. Hence, alkali metals are considered a powerful reducing agent. A substance that loses electrons to other substances in a redox reaction and gets oxidized to the higher valency state is called a reducing agent.

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S-Block Elements Test - 16

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S-Block Elements Test - 16

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Question 1

A. LiI > LiBr > LiCl > LiF

B. LiF > LiCl > LiBr > LiI

C. LiCl > LiBr > LiI > LiF

D. None of these

Solution

Question 2

A. Hydration energy – Li > Na > K > Rb

B. Ionisation energy – Li > Na > K > Rb

C. Density – Li < Na < K < Rb

D. Atomic size – Li < Na < K < Rb

Solution

Question 3

A. Ba(OH)2

B. Mg(OH)2

C. Ca(OH)2

D. Be(OH)2

Solution

Question 4

A. Rb

B. K

C. Li

D. Na

Solution

Question 5

A. A and R both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

B. A and R both are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C. A is true but R is false.

D. A is false but R is true.

Solution

Question 6

A. A and R both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

B. A and R both are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C. A is true but R is false.

D. A is false but R is true.

Solution

Question 7

A. A and R both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

B. A and R both are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C. A is true but R is false.

D. A is false but R is true.

Solution

Question 8

A. A and R both are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

B. A and R both are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C. A is true but R is false.

D. A is false but R is true.

Solution

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A. Ba(OH)₂

B. Mg(OH)₂

C. Ca(OH)₂

D. Be(OH)₂