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p-Block Elements Test - 7

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p-Block Elements Test - 7
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0

    Although beryllium and aluminium exhibit many properties which are similar (diagonal relationship), but the two elements differ with respect to the property of

    Solution

    Be and Al exhibit diagonal relationship and show similarity in many of their properties.
    Both oxides as well as hydroxides of Al and Be are amphoteric.
    Aluminium oxide with acid: Al2O3 + 3H2O + 6H3O+(aq) → 2[Al(H2O)6]3+(aq)
    Aluminium oxide with base: Al2O3 + 3H2O + 2OH-(aq) → 2[Al(OH)4]-(aq)

    Beryllium hydroxide with acid: Be(OH)2 + 2HCl → BeCl2 + 2H2O
    Beryllium hydroxide with base: Be(OH)2 + 2NaOH → Na2[Be(OH)4]

    Both the elements can form covalent bonds and their halides (except aluminium fluoride) are covalent.
    Both aluminium and beryllium hydrides are electron deficient and form dative bonds with neighbouring molecules resulting in a long polymer in which the monomers are held in place by dative bonds.

    However, the maximum covalency of Al is 3, while that of Be is only 2.

     

  • Question 2
    1 / -0

    For BCl3, AlCl3 and GaCl3, the increasing order of ionic character is:

    Solution

    Ionic character is inversely proportional to the polarising power of the cation. The polarising power decreases with increase in size of the cation, i.e. B3+ > Ga3+ > Al3+. Therefore, BCl3 will have the least ionic character and AlCl3 will have the maximum ionic character. The correct order is BCl3 < GaCl3 < AlCl3.

     

  • Question 3
    1 / -0

    In III A group, Tl (Thalium) shows +1 oxidation state while other members shows +3 oxidation state. This is due to

    Solution

    The inert pair effect is the tendency of the electrons in the outermost atomic s-orbital to remain unionized or unshared in compounds of post transition element. The term inert pair effect is often used in relation to the increasing stability of oxidation states that are two less than the group valency for the heavier elements of groups 13, 14, 15, 16.
    As an example in group 13, the +1 oxidation state of Tl is the most stable and TlIII compounds are comparatively rare. The stability of the +1 oxidation state increases in the following sequence:
    Al < Ga < In < Tl

     

  • Question 4
    1 / -0

    Al2O3 can be converted to anhydrous AlCl3 by heating

    Solution

    Al2O3 + C + 3Cl2 → 2AlCl3 + 3CO 

     

  • Question 5
    1 / -0

    The basic structural unit of silicate is

    Solution

    The basic structural unit of all silicate minerals is the silicon tetrahedron in which one silicon atom is surrounded by and bonded to (i.e. coordinated with) four oxygen atoms, each at the corner of a regular tetrahedron.

     

  • Question 6
    1 / -0

    Which of the following halides is the least stable and has doubtful existence?

    Solution

    PbI4is the least stable as Pb4+ is the least stable due to the inert pair effect. PbI4 acts as a strong oxidizing agent and itsef gets reduced to PbI2 which is more stable.

     

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