Structural Organisation in Animals & Plants Test

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Structural Organisation in Animals & Plants Test - 6

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

In the root of dicot plants, the passage cells are characteristically found in the ________________.

A
vascular bundles

B
endodermis

C
pericycle

D
cortex

E
epiblema

Solution

It is the innermost layer of cortex formed by compactly arranged barrel-shaped cells. Some of the cells in the endodermis are thin-walled and are known as passage cells. The passage cells allow water to pass into the xylem vessels.
Question 2
1 / -0

The plant tissue found predominately in the flesh of apples and pineapples is

A
vessels

B
fibre

C
sclereid

D
parenchyma

E
tracheid

Solution

Sclereids are a reduced form of sclerenchyma cells with highly thickened, lignified cellular walls that form small bundles of durable layers of tissue in most plants. The presence of numerous sclereids form the cores of apples and produce the gritty texture of pears.
Question 3
1 / -0

The sclereids found in the petiole of lotus and tea leaves are _____________.

A
macrosclereids

B
brachysclereids

C
filiform sclereids

D
osteosclereids

E
astrosclereids

Solution

These are branched as a star. For example: Petiole of lotus and tea leaves.
Question 4
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In a typical monocot root, which of the following layers are formed by a single layer of compactly arranged, barrel-shaped parenchymatous cells?

A
Epiblema

B
Pericycle

C
Cortex

D
Vascular bundles

E
Stele

Solution

Epiblema is the outermost covering of the root formed by a single layer of compactly arranged, barrel-shaped, parenchyma cells. The cells are characteristically thin-walled since they are involved in absorption of water. A cuticle and stomata are absent. Some of the epiblema cells are produced into long unicellular projections called root hairs. Hence, the epiblema is also known as a piliferous layer.
Question 5
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Which among the following types of the parechymatous cells is meant for storage of water in the plants?

A
Prosenchyma

B
Medullary parenchyma

C
Arenchyma

D
Armed parenchyma

E
Conjunctive parenchyma

Solution

Conjunctive parenchyma is the parenchyma which occurs in the root system. It is specially meant for storage of water.
Question 6
1 / -0

Suberin is the main constituent of cork in the higher plants. Which of the following regions in the ground tissue of the plants is associated with suberin?

A
Pith

B
Endodermis

C
Pericycle

D
Hypodermis

E
Cortex

Solution

Endodermis is the inner most layer of cortex represented by a single layer of compactly arranged barrel-shaped parenchyma cells. In the stem, it is meant for storage. In the root, it plays an important role in the movement of absorbed water. Some of the cells in the root endodermis contain secondary thickenings called casparian thickenings formed by a waxy substance called suberin.
Question 7
1 / -0

The epithelium tissue associated with the kidney tubules as well as in the ducts of the glands is ________________.

A
simple cuboidal epithelium

B
stratified epithelium

C
glandular epithelium

D
ciliated columnar epithelium

E
simple columnar epithelium

Solution

The cuboidal cells are roughly square or cuboidal in shape. Each cell has a spherical nucleus in the centre. Cuboidal epithelium is found in glands and in the lining of the kidney tubules as well as in the ducts of the glands.
Question 8
1 / -0

In humans, the inner lining of the mouth, esophagus, and vagina is formed by a _____________.

A
simple squamous epithelium

B
stratified squamous epithelium

C
stratified cuboidal epithelium

D
stratified columnar epithelium

E
pseudostratified epithelium

Solution

A stratified squamous epithelium consists of squamous (flattened) epithelial cells arranged in layers upon a basal membrane. It forms the outermost layer of the skin and the inner lining of the mouth, esophagus and vagina.
Question 9
1 / -0

The diameter of axon is regulated by ____________________________.

A
endoneurium

B
epineurium

C
perineurium

D
neurolemma

E
neurofibrils

Solution

Neurofilaments are the intermediate filaments found in neurons. They are a major component of the neuronal cytoskeleton, and are believed to function primarily to provide structural support for the axon and to regulate axon diameter. Neurofilaments are composed of polypeptide chains or subunits which belong to the same protein family.
Question 10
1 / -0

Wharton's jelly is a specialised tissue serving many purposes for the developing fetus. The connective tissue associated with Wharton's Jelly is _________________________.

A
dense regular connective tissue

B
reticular connective tissue

C
dense irregular tissue

D
adipose tissue

E
mucous connective tissue

Solution

Mucous connective tissue is a type of connective tissue found during fetal development. It is composed mainly of ground substance with few cells or fibers. It is most easily found as a component of Wharton's jelly. Mucous connective tissue forms the umbilical cord.
Question 11
1 / -0

Which among the following statements does not characterise phloem tissues in higher plants?

A
The phloem tubes sit on the outside of the xylem.

B
The movement through the phloem is driven by positive hydrostatic pressures.

C
Phloem sap helps in sending informational signals throughout vascular plants.

D
When the plant is an embryo, vascular tissue emerges from cambium tissue.

E
Messenger RNAs are transported in the phloem through sieve tube elements.

Solution

When the plant is an embryo, vascular tissue emerges from procambium tissue which is at the center of the embryo. Protophloem itself appears in the mid-vein extending into the cotyledonary node which constitutes the first appearance of a leaf in angiosperms where it forms continuous strands.
Question 12
1 / -0

Which among the following is meant only for storage of organic food in all the higher plants?

A
Phloem fibres

B
Phloem parenchyma

C
Vascular cambium

D
The sieve cells

E
Companion cells

Solution

Phloem parenchyma is represented by a group of living parenchyma cells that are found in-between the sieve tubes. They are meant only for storage of organic food.
Question 13
1 / -0

The pattern of xylem development observed in the roots of vascular plants is _____________________.

A
mesarch

B
endarch

C
exarch

D
centrarch

E
polyarch

Solution

Exarch is used when there is more than one strand of primary xylem in a stem or root and the xylem develops from the outside inwards towards the center i.e. centripetally. The roots of vascular plants are normally considered to have exarch development.
Question 14
1 / -0

Which among the following statements regarding the upwards water transport by xylem is incorrect?

A
Metaxylem develops after the protoxylem but before the secondary xylem.

B
The xylem transports water and soluble mineral nutrients from the roots throughout the plant.

C
Root pressure is lowest in the morning.

D
Adhension is the force responsible for the capillary action movement of water.

E
Transpirational pull requires that the vessels transporting the water are very small in diameter.

Solution

Root pressure is highest in the morning, before the stomata open and allow transpiration to begin. Different plant species can have different root pressures even in a similar environment.
Question 15
1 / -0

The hardwood of angiosperms and the softwood of conifers differ from each other by _______________________.

A
xylem parenchyma

B
vascular cambium

C
tracheids

D
vessel element

E
xylem fibres

Solution

A vessel element is one of the cell types found in xylem. Vessel elements are typically found in flowering plants (angiosperms) but absent from most gymnosperms, such as conifers. Vessel elements are the main feature distinguishing the hardwood of angiosperms from the softwood of conifers.

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Structural Organisation in Animals & Plants Test - 6

Result

Structural Organisation in Animals & Plants Test - 6

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

vascular bundles

endodermis

pericycle

cortex

epiblema

Solution

Question 2

vessels

fibre

sclereid

parenchyma

tracheid

Solution

Question 3

macrosclereids

brachysclereids

filiform sclereids

osteosclereids

astrosclereids

Solution

Question 4

Epiblema

Pericycle

Cortex

Vascular bundles

Stele

Solution

Question 5

Prosenchyma

Medullary parenchyma

Arenchyma

Armed parenchyma

Conjunctive parenchyma

Solution

Question 6

Pith

Endodermis

Pericycle

Hypodermis

Cortex

Solution

Question 7

simple cuboidal epithelium

stratified epithelium

glandular epithelium

ciliated columnar epithelium

simple columnar epithelium

Solution

Question 8

simple squamous epithelium

stratified squamous epithelium

stratified cuboidal epithelium

stratified columnar epithelium

pseudostratified epithelium

Solution

Question 9

endoneurium

epineurium

perineurium

neurolemma

neurofibrils

Solution

Question 10

dense regular connective tissue

reticular connective tissue

dense irregular tissue

adipose tissue

mucous connective tissue

Solution

Question 11

The phloem tubes sit on the outside of the xylem.