Question 1 1 / -0
A sells an article to B at a profit of 20%. B sells it to C at a profit of 15%. C paid Rs. 190 more than it cost A. Calculate the profit A made.
Solution
Let the article cost A Rs. X.
SP for A = CP for B = 1.2X
SP for B = CP for C = 1.2 ×
1.15X
Now, (X × 1.2 × 1.15) - X = 190
1.38X - X = 190
0.38X = 190
X =
= 500
A's profit = 20% of Rs. 500 = Rs. 100
Question 2 1 / -0
A merchant was gaining 10% by selling rice. Owing to the floods, he paid Rs. 2.50 more per kg than before and sold 1 kg for Rs. 4.50 more than before, thus gaining 20%. What was the cost price per kg of rice before the floods?
Solution
If the original CP was Rs. x per kg, the CP during the floods would be Rs. (x + 2.50).
Original SP per kg =
x
SP during floods =
Given that the rate of profit in the later case is 20%, i.e.
x +
=
or x = 15.
Cost price per kg before the floods was Rs. 15.
Question 3 1 / -0
Umesh purchased 360 eggs at the rate of 78 paise each. On this, he paid Rs. 14 as octroi, Rs. 13 as transport and Rs. 5 as additional charges. He kept 7 eggs for himself. At what rate should he sell each of the remaining eggs to get a total profit of Rs. 70?
Solution
Total cost = 360 × 0.78 + 14 + 13 + 5 = Rs. 312.80
Question 4 1 / -0
A man sold an article at a profit of 15%. If he had bought it at 15% less and sold it for Rs. 78 less, he would have gained 20%. What was the cost price of the article?
Solution
Let the original cost price be Rs. c.1 = Rs. 1.15c2 = Rs. (1.15c - 78)2 = Rs. 0.85c
Question 5 1 / -0
A businessman makes a profit of 20% by selling 355 books at the same price. Had he sold 570 books of the previous price, then what would have been his loss percent?
Solution
SP = 1.2CP
Question 6 1 / -0
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A tradesman marks an article at a price which would give him a profit of 20% on the cost price. To the favoured customers, he makes a deduction of 5% from the marked price. What actual profit does he receive from the sale of an article to a favoured customer for which the latter pays him $28.50?
Solution
Let the CP of the article be $x.
MP = x + 20% of x = $1.2x
When a discount is given on this MP,
SP of the article =
× 1.2x = $1.14x
But 1.14x = 28.50
So, x = 25
CP of the article = $25
SP = $28.50
Profit = $3.50
Question 7 1 / -0
A wholesaler is selling 900 gm rice at a cost of a kilogram to the retailer at a price which is 14% more than the cost price at which the wholesaler purchased 1 kg rice. What is the net profit % of the wholesaler?
Solution
Let the cost price of 1 kg rice for the wholesaler be Rs. 100.
Now, selling price of 900 gm of rice for the wholesaler is Rs. 114.
Selling price of 1 kg of rice for the wholesaler = 114 ×
= Rs. 126.67
Profit % = 26.67%
Question 8 1 / -0
A manufacturer makes a profit of 15% by selling a colour television for Rs. 6900. If the cost of manufacturing increases by 30% and the price paid by the retailer is increased by 20%, then find the profit percent made by the manufacturer.
Solution
Let the original cost to the manufacturer = Rs. c
So, 6900 = 1.15c
Or, c = 6000
New cost to the manufacturer = Rs. (1.30 × 6000) = Rs. 7800
Price paid by the retailer to the manufacturer = Rs. (1.20 × 6900) = Rs. 8280
Let the new profit percent earned by the manufacturer = Rs. 8280 - Rs. 7800 = Rs. 480
profit % =
= 6.15%
Thus, the manufacturer makes a profit of 6.15%.
Question 9 1 / -0
Deepika sells her goods at a price 10% less than Nidhi's, but 10% more than Gurpreet's. If a customer of Nidhi's goods purchases the goods worth Rs. 100 from Gurpreet instead, he will save
Solution
Deepika Nidhi Gurpreet 110 100
Goods worth Rs. 100 from Gurpreet would cost Rs.
from Nidhi.
Customer saves (
- 100) =
% =
%
Question 10 1 / -0
A woman buys mangoes at Rs. 25 a dozen and buys an equal number at a price of Rs. 30 per 20 mangoes. She sells them at Rs. 1.80 per piece and thus, gains Rs. 25 on her outlay. How many mangoes did she buy?
Solution
Suppose, the woman buys 60 mangoes of the first kind and 60 mangoes of the second kind [LCM of 12 mangoes and and 20 mangoes].
CP of 60 mangoes = Rs. 125
And CP of another 60 mangoes = Rs. 90
CP of 120 mangoes = Rs. 215
SP of 120 mangoes = 120
1.8 = Rs. 216
Gain = Re 1
For the gain of Re 1, number of mangoes purchased = 120
For the gain of Rs. 25, number of mangoes purchased = 3000
Question 11 1 / -0
By selling 12 articles, a shopkeeper gains a profit equal to the cost price of 2 articles. What is his profit percentage?
Solution
Assume CP of one article as Re 1.
So, by selling 12 articles (worth Rs. 12), he can make a profit of Rs. 2.
So, profit% =
= 16.66%
Question 12 1 / -0
Raghu bought 4 dozens of oranges at Rs. 12 per dozen and 2 dozens of oranges at Rs. 16 per dozen. He sold them all and earned a profit of 20%. At what price per dozen did he sell the oranges?
Solution
Total CP = Rs. (12 × 4 + 16 × 2) = Rs. (48 + 32) = Rs. 80
SP after profit = Rs. (1.2 × 80) = Rs. 96
SP per dozen = Rs.
= Rs. 16
Question 13 1 / -0
Hotel Aditya has 10 single AC rooms, 5 double AC rooms and 18 non-AC rooms. The fixed monthly rent of the hotel is Rs. 1,50,000. The per day maintenance cost is Rs. 100 for a double AC room, Rs. 75 for a single AC room and Rs. 40 for a non-AC room. The per day charges are Rs. 600 for a double AC room, Rs. 400 for a single AC room and Rs. 250 for a non-AC room. In April 2003, the occupancy rate was 50% for a non-AC room, 70% for a single AC room and 40% for a double AC room. Find the profit/loss percentage for April 2003.
Solution
Monthly rent = Rs. 1,50,000
Maintenance = Rs. (100 × 5 × 30 + 75 × 10 × 30 + 40 × 18 × 30)
= Rs. (15,000 + 22,500 + 21,600) = Rs. 59,100
Total cost = Rs. 2,09,100
Amount received = 9 × 250 × 30 + 7 × 400 × 30 + 2 × 600 × 30
= 67,500 + 84,000 + 36,000 = Rs. 1,87,500
Loss (%) =
= 10.33%
Question 14 1 / -0
What profit will be made by selling an article at a certain price, if there is a loss of 10% incurred by selling it at
of that price?
Solution
Let SP of the article be 3s.
Let CP of the article be c.
SP when a loss of 10% is incurred =
× 3s = 2s
So,
× 100 = 10
Or, s =
Actual SP = 3s =
Thus, profit percentage =
= 35
Question 15 1 / -0
A dairyman pays Rs. 6.4 per litre for milk. He adds water and sells the mixture at Rs. 8 per litre, thereby making 37.5% profit. The ratio of water to milk received by the customer is
Solution
Suppose quantity of milk purchased = X litres
Suppose quantity of water mixed = Y litres
Therefore, required ratio of water to milk in the mixture = Y : X
CP of X litres of milk = Rs. 6.4X
SP of X litres of milk = Rs. 8(X + Y)
Profit % = 37.5
Therefore, CP =
6.4X =
880X = 800X + 800Y
80X = 800Y
X = 10Y
Y : X = 1 : 10
Question 16 1 / -0
A cloth merchant used to give 10% extra cloth on every purchase. Now he increases the selling price by an amount equal to x% of the cost price and does not give any extra length. If the profit percentage before the increase was 10% and now the profit is 20%, find the value of x.
Solution
Let CP = Rs. y
CP for 110% of the cloth = Rs. 1.1y
Profit = 10%
Now there is no extra piece of cloth.
Profit = 20%
Therefore, new SP = 1.2y
Increase = 1.2y - 1.1y
= 0.1y
x =
x = 9.09%
Question 17 1 / -0
A chair dealer incurs an expense of Rs. 225 for manufacturing every chair. He also incurs an additional expenditure of Rs. 40,000, which is independent of the number of chairs manufactured. If he is able to sell a chair during the season, he sells it for Rs. 350. If he fails to do so, he has to sell each chair for Rs. 125. If he manufactures 1850 chairs, what is the number of chairs that he must sell during the season in order to break even, given he is able to sell all the chairs manufactured?
Solution
Let the number of chairs required to be sold in the season be x.
Question 18 1 / -0
A shopkeeper sold a watch for Rs. 630 after giving a discount of 10% on its marked price. If he had not allowed any discount, the profit would be 25%. What is the cost price of the watch?
Solution
S.P of watch = Rs. 630
Discount = 10%
SP = 90% of MP
630 = 0.9 × M.P
M.P = 700
if there is no discount then S.P = M.P
So new S.P = 700
Profit = 25%
C.P =
C.P = Rs. 560
Question 19 1 / -0
A horse is sold at a profit of x% and a carriage is sold at a loss of x%, both being sold at the same price. If the overall loss in the transaction is 3.61%, what is the value of x?
Solution
Profit on horse = x%
Loss on carriage = x%
According to the question,
Overall loss =
= 3.61
x = 19
Question 20 1 / -0
A tradesman, by means of a false balance, defrauds to the extent of 9% in buying goods and also defrauds 9% in selling goods. What is his gain percentage?
Solution
Gain % =
%
Gain % = 9% + 9% + 9 ×
%
Or, total of 18.81% is the gain percentage.
Question 21 1 / -0
The percentage of profit made when an article is sold for Rs. 81 is thrice when it is sold for Rs. 67. Find the cost price of the article.
Solution
Let CP of the article be Rs. x.
Percentage profit when article is sold for Rs. 81 =
× 100 ...... (1)
Also, when the article is sold for Rs. 67,
% profit =
× 100 ...... (2)
From (1) and (2),
× 100 = 3
× 100
⇒ 81 - x = 201 - 3x
⇒ 2x = 120
⇒ x = 60
Thus, cost price of the article = Rs. 60
Hence, answer option 2 is correct.
Question 22 1 / -0
A shopkeeper sold an article for Rs.6750 after giving a discount of 10% on the labeled price. He would have earned a profit of 50%, had there been no discount. What was the actual percentage of profit earned?
Solution
Market price = ₹ P
and SP = P -10% of P =
∴
= 6750
⇒ P = 7500
If SP = ₹ Rs.7500, then the CP would have been Rs.5000 due to 50% profit earned by the Shopkeeper.
∴ Actual percentage of profit by selling the article for ₹ 6750
=
× 100 = [
] × 100
=
× 100
= 35%
Question 23 1 / -0
A man buys 20 pens and 12 books for Rs. 320. He sells the pens at a profit of 40% and the books at a profit of 25%. If his overall profit is Rs. 110, what is the cost price (in Rs.) of the book?
Solution
SP of pens = 1.4 P, where P is the cost price of 20 pens. + 1.25 B ) - 320 = 110
Question 24 1 / -0
On selling 17 balls at Rs. 720, there is a loss incurred equal to the cost price of 5 balls. What is the cost price of one ball?
Solution
(C.P. of 17 balls) – (S.P. of 17 balls) = (C.P of 5 balls),
C.P of 12 balls = S.P of 17 balls = Rs. 720
C.P of 1 ball = Rs.
= Rs. 60
Question 25 1 / -0
A shopkeeper buys a plate for Rs. 20. If he had bought it for 8% less and sold it for 80 paise more than his present selling price, he would have gained 25%. At what percentage profit does he sell the plates currently?
Solution
According to the given condition,
If buying price was 8% less, i.e.
New CP = 20 × 0.92 = Rs. 18.4
and selling price was 80 paise more, then profit made would have been 25%.
New profit = 25%
New SP = 18.4 × 1.25 = Rs. 23
Thus, Old SP = Rs. 23 - Rs. 0.80 = Rs. 22.20
Old CP = Rs. 20
Old profit % =
= 11%
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