Our Environment And Its Management Test

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Our Environment And Its Management Test - 3

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Various trophic levels of an ecological pyramid given below have been indicated as T1, T2, T3 and T4. In which trophic level will the maximum energy be available?

A
T4

B
T3

C
T2

D
T1

Solution

Maximum energy is available at the producer level. Thereafter, ten percent law is utilised, according to which, ten percent of the energy is passed to the next trophic level and the rest is dissipated as heat.
Question 2
1 / -0

The biological treatment of waste water makes use of

A
aerobic bacteria and fungi

B
anaerobic bacteria and algae

C
aerobic and anaerobic bacteria

D
anaerobic bacteria and eucalyptus leaves

Solution

The biological treatment of waste water makes use of aerobic (oxidation ponds, aeration lagoons, aerobic bioreactors, activated sludge, percolating or trickling filters, biological filters, rotating biological contactors, biological removal of nutrients) and anaerobic treatment (anaerobic bioreactors, anaerobic lagoons) at secondary treatment level.
Question 3
1 / -0

Biolouminescence is a feature exhibited by animals of

A
abyssal zone

B
euphotic zone

C
bathyal zone

D
mesopelagic zone

Solution

Mesopelagic zone is also called the twilight zone. The mesopelagic zone still receives some light, but it is not enough to fuel photosynthesis. Bioluminescence is prevalent here, helping creatures disguise their silhouettes from animals below them.
Question 4
1 / -0

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

A
Fossil fuel burning - Release of carbon dioxide

B
Nuclear power plant - Radioactive waste

C
Aeroplanes - Aerosols

D
Solar energy - Greenhouse effect

Solution

Burning of fossil fuels leads to release of carbon dioxide.
Radioactive wastes are emitted by nuclear power plants.
Aircraft jet engines directly emit aerosol particles and condensable gases.
All these three cause environmental pollution.
The greenhouse effect is a warming of Earth's surface and the air above it. It is caused by gases in the air (like carbon dioxide) that trap energy from the sun. Green house gases are responsible for greenhouse effect.
Question 5
1 / -0

During a presentation, Priya stated the following points.

(i) Decomposition of biodegradable wastes leads to foul smell.
(ii) Dumping of industrial wastes reduces the fertility of soil and leads to reduction in crop yields.
(iii) Breeding of flies in huge quantity carries germs and spreads diseases.
(iv) Dumping of waste into water bodiesleads to water pollution and is responsible for spreading of various water-borne diseases.

After her presentation, one of the students objected the correctness of the points stated by her followed by which, the teacher asked the topper of the class to comment.
According to you, which of the following statements is/are correct?

A
Statement (i) is incorrect, but (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct.

B
Statement (ii) is incorrect, but (i), (iii) and (iv) are correct.

C
Statement (iii) is incorrect, but (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct.

D
Statements (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct.

Solution

All the statements are correct. Decomposition of biodegradable wastes leads to foul smell.
Dumping of industrial wastes reduces the fertility of soil and leads to reduction in crop yields.
Breeding of flies in huge quantity carries germs and spreads diseases.
Dumping of waste into water bodies leads to water pollution and is responsible for spreading of various water-borne diseases.
Question 6
1 / -0

What is the name of the agreement made between countries to freeze CFC production?

A
Environmental Protection Act

B
Rio Faith Summit

C
United Nations Environment Programme

D
Montreal Protocol

Solution

Montreal Protocol is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion. Under the original Montreal Protocol agreement (1987), developed countries were required to begin phasing out CFCs in 1993 and achieve a 20% reduction relative to 1986 consumption levels by 1994 and a 50% reduction by 1998.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which statement is not true with respect to the ecological pyramid?

A
Loss of individuals at each trophic level

B
Loss of energy at each trophic level

C
Loss of biomass at each trophic level

D
Loss of weight at each trophic level

Solution

The food chains involving various living organisms in a community can be represented graphically by drawing pyramids, which are known as ecological pyramids. Thus, ecological pyramids are another way of representing the energy transfer taking place in a food chain in a community. At each successive trophic level, there is gain of weight rather than loss.
Question 8
1 / -0

Directions For Questions

During a short term training programme on sustainable agriculture, an expert agriculturist guided the farmers not to use pesticides like DDT while showing the following sign.

...view full instructions

Which of the following is the correct reason for the above advice of the agriculturist?

A
DDT is not much effective against insects.

B
DDT is very expensive and difficult to apply.

C
DDT is a pesticide with a very bad odour.

D
DDT is a toxic pesticide.

Solution

DDT is a toxic pesticide. As it is biodegradable, it enters into our food chain and gets accumulated in the body causing kidney disorders and problems of brain and circulatory system. Thus, the use of DDT is discouraged.
Question 9
1 / -0

The excessive richness of nutrients in a lake or some other body of water, frequently due to run-off from the land, is called

A
eutrophication

B
biological magnification

C
nitrification

D
hypoxia

Solution

Eutrophication is when the environment becomes enriched with nutrients. This can be a problem in marine habitats such as lakes as it can cause algal blooms. Fertilisers are often used in farming. Sometimes, these fertilisers runoff into nearby water, causing an increase in nutrient levels.
Question 10
1 / -0

Prolonged exposure to the fumes released by incomplete combustion of coal may cause death of a human because of

A
inhalation of unburnt carbon particles

B
continuous exposure to high temperature

C
increased level of carbon monoxide

D
increased level of carbon dioxide

Solution

Incomplete combustion of coal leads to the formation of carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide is toxic to cells and can cause death of human beings.
Question 11
1 / -0

Which of the following statements are true with respect to concept of biodiversity?

(a) Biodiversity refers to different species of flora and fauna present in an area.
(b) Biodiversity refers only to the flora of the given area.
(c) Biodiversity is greater in forests.
(d) Biodiversity is the total number of individuals of a species in a given area.

A
a and b

B
b and d

C
a and c

D
b and c

Solution

Biodiversity refers to the variety of plant and animal life in the world or in a particular habitat, a high level of which is usually considered to be important and desirable. Forests are rich in diverse types of animals and plants. Hence, biodiversity is greater in forests.
Question 12
1 / -0

Abundance of coliform bacteria from a water body is indicative of pollution from

A
petroleum refinery

B
metal smelter

C
fertiliser factory

D
domestic sewage

Solution

Coliform bacteria mainly come from human excreta. Domestic sewage contains faecal matter. Waste from others, mentioned in options, do not contain human excreta.
Question 13
1 / -0

Amrita Devi Bishnoi of Rajasthan is related to

A
plant conservation

B
education

C
sports

D
politics

Solution

The Government of India has recently instituted an 'Amrita Devi Bishnoi National Award for Wildlife Conservation' in the memory of Amrita Devi Bishnoi, who in 1731 sacrificed her life along with 363 others for the protection of 'khejri' trees in Khejrali village near Jodhpur in Rajasthan.
Question 14
1 / -0

Maintaining ecological balances in future will mainly depend upon

A
nature's own process of changes and interaction

B
adaptation of all living species to changes in climate

C
man's caution and ability to allow nature's own balance to continue

D
man's ability to maintain and develop species according to his needs

Solution

In future, ecological balance can be maintained only if human beings do not destroy the environment by deforestation or pollution. This is important for the nature to maintain its own balance.
Question 15
1 / -0

Which of the following statements about water stored in the ground is not correct?

A
It does not evaporate.

B
It spreads out to recharge wells.

C
It provides moisture for vegetation.

D
It provides breeding ground for mosquitoes.

Solution

Underground water does not act as a breeding ground for mosquitoes, rather it is important in recharging wells as it does not evaporate. Underground water provides moisture for vegetation.
Question 16
1 / -0

Which of the following consequences is not associated with the building of large dams?

A
It displaces tribal people and peasants.

B
It contributes to deforestation.

C
It contributes to loss of biodiversity.

D
It contributes to depletion of the ozone layer.

Solution

Ozone layer is not depleted by construction of large dams. Ozone is depleted by the use of chlorofluorocarbons.
Question 17
1 / -0

Which of the following statements is not associated with watershed management?

A
It increases the income of watershed community.

B
It mitigates droughts.

C
It mitigates floods.

D
It decreases the life of downstream dams and reservoirs.

Solution

Watershed management emphasises scientific soil and water conservation in order to increase biomass production. Watershed management not only increases the production and income of the watershed community, but also mitigates droughts and floods and increases the life of the downstream dam and reservoirs.
Question 18
1 / -0

Bishnoi community belongs to

A
Himachal Pradesh

B
Assam

C
Rajasthan

D
Chhattisgarh

Solution

Bishnoi community belongs to Rajasthan. This community has been religiously involved in the conservation of forests and wildlife.
Question 19
1 / -0

Which of the following is not associated with the management of natural resources?

A
Short-term perspective

B
Equitable distribution

C
Plan for safe disposal of wastes

D
Taking care of the environment

Solution

The management of resources must ensure their equitable distribution so that all and not just a handful of rich and powerful people benefit from the development of these resources. The management of resources should take care of the environment taking into consideration safe disposal of wastes. All these require long-term planning and goals.
Question 20
1 / -0

What was the objective of the Ganga Action Plan, 1985?

A
To take care of the poor water quality of the Ganga

B
To measure the distance travelled by the Ganga

C
To measure the depth of the Ganga

D
To take care of the flood situation during 1985

Solution

Many human activities like bathing, washing of clothes, and immersion of ashes or unburnt corpses has polluted the river Ganga over a number of years. So, to avoid this, the Ganga Action Plan was started by the Central Pollution Control Board to clean the river to reduce pollution and install water treatment plants.

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Our Environment And Its Management Test - 3

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Question 1

T4

T3

T2

T1

Solution

Question 2

aerobic bacteria and fungi

anaerobic bacteria and algae

aerobic and anaerobic bacteria

anaerobic bacteria and eucalyptus leaves

Solution

Question 3

abyssal zone

euphotic zone

bathyal zone

mesopelagic zone

Solution

Question 4

Fossil fuel burning - Release of carbon dioxide

Nuclear power plant - Radioactive waste

Aeroplanes - Aerosols

Solar energy - Greenhouse effect

Solution

Question 5

Statement (i) is incorrect, but (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct.

Statement (ii) is incorrect, but (i), (iii) and (iv) are correct.

Statement (iii) is incorrect, but (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct.

Statements (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct.

Solution

Question 6

Environmental Protection Act

Rio Faith Summit

United Nations Environment Programme

Montreal Protocol

Solution

Question 7

Loss of individuals at each trophic level

Loss of energy at each trophic level

Loss of biomass at each trophic level

Loss of weight at each trophic level

Solution

Question 8

DDT is not much effective against insects.

DDT is very expensive and difficult to apply.

DDT is a pesticide with a very bad odour.

DDT is a toxic pesticide.

Solution

Question 9

eutrophication

biological magnification

nitrification

hypoxia

Solution

Question 10

inhalation of unburnt carbon particles

continuous exposure to high temperature

increased level of carbon monoxide

increased level of carbon dioxide

Solution

Question 11

a and b

b and d

a and c

b and c

Solution

Question 12

petroleum refinery

metal smelter

fertiliser factory

domestic sewage

Solution