Acids, Bases And Salts Test

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Acids, Bases And Salts Test - 4

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1

1 / -0

In the table given below, match the bases in the first column with their applications mentioned in the second column.

(A) Calcium hydroxide	(i) Antacid
(B) Ammonium hydroxide	(ii) Soap
(C) Sodium hydroxide	(iii) Whitewash
(D) Magnesium hydroxide	(iv) Window cleaner

(A) - (ii), (B) - (i), (C) - (iv), (D) - (iii)

(A) - (iii), (B) - (ii), (C) - (iv), (D) - (i)

(A) - (ii), (B) - (iv), (C) - (iii), (D) - (i)

(A) - (iii), (B) - (iv), (C) - (ii), (D) - (i)

Solution

(A) Calcium hydroxide (Limewater)	(iii) Whitewash
(B) Ammonium hydroxide	(iv) Window cleaner
(C) Sodium hydroxide	(ii) Soap
(D) Magnesium hydroxide (Milk of magnesia)	(i) Antacid

Question 2
1 / -0

A few drops of a colourless indicator are added to test tubes labelled as 'A' and 'B', each containing some colourless solution. The colour of the solution in the test tube 'A' turns pink on addition of the indicator, but no colour change is observed in the test tube 'B'. Which of the following is the correct combination of indicator and the solutions in the test tubes 'A' and 'B', respectively?

A
Litmus; Soap solution and Vinegar

B
Turmeric; Soap solution and Vinegar

C
Phenolphthalein; Soap solution and Vinegar

D
China rose extract; Soap solution and Vinegar

Solution

Phenolphthalein is a colourless indicator and turns pink when added to a base, but remains colourless in acidic solution.
Hence, option (3) is correct.
Question 3
1 / -0

The solution of a strong acid is mixed with an equal amount of a solution of a strong base. The resultant mixture is then tested with a neutral litmus paper. What will be the colour change observed in the litmus paper?

A
Red

B
Blue

C
Colourless

D
Purple

Solution

The resultant mixture will be the solution of a neutral salt in water.
Neutral litmus paper, if used, turns purple in a neutral solution.
However, if red or blue litmus paper is used, they show no change in a neutral solution.
Question 4
1 / -0

Consider the following acids and choose the ones that are organic and can be used as flavouring agents:

1. Acetic acid
2. Sulphuric acid
3. Hydrochloric acid
4. Citric acid
5. Boric acid
6. Nitric acid

A
Only 2 and 4

B
Only 1 and 4

C
Only 1, 3 and 5

D
Only 2, 4 and 6

Solution

Acetic acid and citric acid are organic acids, and are used as flavouring agents and food preservatives.
Question 5
1 / -0

Observe the given reaction carefully and identify the name(s) of the product(s) formed in the reaction:

A
Magnesium sulphate

B
Sodium hydroxide

C
Magnesium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide

D
Magnesium hydroxide and sodium sulphate

Solution

In this reaction, magnesium sulphate reacts with sodium hydroxide to form magnesium hydroxide and sodium sulphate.
There is an exchange of ions involved in the reaction.
Question 6
1 / -0

Why is effervescence observed when a drop of lemon juice or vinegar is added in a Petri dish containing baking soda?

A
Due to formation of calcium oxide

B
Due to formation of CO₂

C
Due to formation of water

D
Due to formation of O₂

Solution

Baking soda is sodium bicarbonate, and all carbonates and bicarbonates react with acids (here vinegar and lemon juice) to release CO₂, which causes the effervescence.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which of the following acids will form acid salts on reacting with equal moles of NaOH?

(i) HCl
(ii) HNO₃(iii) H₂SO₄(iv) H₃PO₄

A
(i) and (ii) only

B
(ii) and (iii) only

C
(iii) and (iv) only

D
(ii) and (iv) only

Solution

H₂SO₄ and H₃PO₄ are polybasic acids and they can form salts like NaHSO₄ and NaH₂PO₄, which are acid salts.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which of the following is TRUE for basic salts?

(i) Formed by partial replacement of hydroxyl groups
(ii) Formed by complete replacement of hydroxyl groups
(iii) Formed by incomplete neutralisation of a base
(iv) Formed by complete neutralisation of a base

A
(i) and (iv) only

B
(i) and (iii) only

C
(ii) and (iv) only

D
(ii) and (iii) only

Solution

Basic salts are formed by the partial replacement of hydroxyl groups in the base during the neutralisation reaction.
Since the base is not completely neutralised, the salt formed is basic.
Hence, statements (i) and (iii) are correct.
Question 9
1 / -0

If pH of a solution is 1.5, then what is the nature of the solution?

A
Highly basic

B
Weakly basic

C
Highly acidic

D
Weakly acidic

Solution

The acidic character increases as the pH value decreases from 7 to 0. Thus, the solution having pH value of 1.5 is highly acidic.
Question 10
1 / -0

In which of the following solutions will a strip of cloth, soaked in onion juice, lose its odour when added to it?

A
Conc. HCl

B
Dil. NaOH

C
Conc. H₂SO₄

D
Dil. HNO₃

Solution

Onion is an olfactory indicator, which loses its odour in the basic media.
Thus, when added to the dil. solution of sodium hydroxide(NaOH) the strip of a cloth soaked in onion juice will lose its odour.
Question 11
1 / -0

What will be the products obtained when you put an iron nail into a test tube containing dilute sulphuric acid?

A
FeSO₄+ H₂

B
FeO + H₂O + SO₂

C
Fe₂O₃+ SO₂+ H₂

D
FeO + SO₂ + H₂O

Solution

An iron nail, when put into sulphuric acid, will produce an effervescence due to the formation of hydrogen gas.
Iron, being more electropositive than hydrogen, displaces it from acids to form a salt and hydrogen gas.
With H₂SO₄, the salt formed is ferrous sulphate, as shown in the following reaction:
Question 12
1 / -0

What is the effect of concentration of H⁺ ions on the nature of a solution?

A
If the concentration of H⁺ ions is more than 10^-7 mol L^-1, then the solution is acidic.

B
If the concentration of H⁺ ions is more than 10^-7 mol L^-1, then the solution is neutral.

C
If the concentration of H⁺ ions is more than 10^-7 mol L^-1, then the solution is basic.

D
The concentration of H⁺ ions does not have any effect on the nature of the solution.

Solution

The acidic or basic nature of a solution depends upon the number of H⁺ ions present in the solution.
In a neutral solution, the concentration of both H⁺ and OH^- ions is 10^-7 mol L^-1.
If the concentration of H⁺ ions increases beyond 10^-7 mol L^-1, then it is acidic and if it decreases, then the solution is basic.
Question 13
1 / -0

Although salts are formed as a product of neutralisation reactions between an acid and a base, yet every salt solution is not neutral. In light of the given information, predict the correct option regarding the colour change shown by an aqueous solution of Fe₂(SO₄)₃ with different indicators.

A
Blue litmus turns red.

B
Red litmus turns blue.

C
Phenolphthalein solution turns pink.

D
Methyl orange solution turns yellow.

Solution

Ferric sulphate is an acidic salt formed by the neutralisation reaction between a strong acid (H₂SO₄) and a weak base {Fe(OH)₃}.

The aqueous solution of this salt will have pH less than 7, will turn blue litmus red and remain colourless with phenolphthalein.
With methyl orange indicator, the solution will turn pink.
Hence, only option (1) is correct.
Question 14
1 / -0

Which of the following oxides, when dissolved in water, gives a solution which turns blue litmus red?

A
MgO

B
CaO

C
CO₂

D
CuO

Solution

CO₂ is an acidic oxide and dissolves in water to form carbonic acid.
Hence, its solution in water will turn the blue litmus red.
Question 15
1 / -0

Which of the following statements are correct about an aqueous solution of an acid or a base having equal concentrations?

(i) Higher the pH, stronger the acid. (For pH < 7)
(ii) Higher the pH, weaker the acid. (For pH < 7)
(iii) Lower the pH, stronger the base. (For pH > 7)
(iv) Lower the pH, weaker the base. (For pH > 7)

A
(i) and (iii) only

B
(ii) and (iii) only

C
(i) and (iv) only

D
(ii) and (iv) only

Solution

For pH < 7, higher value of pH indicates a lower concentration of H⁺ ions. Hence, the higher the pH, the weaker the acid.
For pH > 7, lower value of pH indicates a higher concentration of H⁺ ions and lower concentration of OH^- ions. Hence, the lower the pH, the weaker the base.

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Acids, Bases And Salts Test - 4

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Acids, Bases And Salts Test - 4

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Question 1

(A) - (ii), (B) - (i), (C) - (iv), (D) - (iii)

(A) - (iii), (B) - (ii), (C) - (iv), (D) - (i)

(A) - (ii), (B) - (iv), (C) - (iii), (D) - (i)

(A) - (iii), (B) - (iv), (C) - (ii), (D) - (i)

Solution

Question 2

Litmus; Soap solution and Vinegar

Turmeric; Soap solution and Vinegar

Phenolphthalein; Soap solution and Vinegar

China rose extract; Soap solution and Vinegar

Solution

Question 3

Red

Blue

Colourless

Purple

Solution

Question 4

Only 2 and 4

Only 1 and 4

Only 1, 3 and 5

Only 2, 4 and 6

Solution

Question 5

Magnesium sulphate

Sodium hydroxide

Magnesium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide

Magnesium hydroxide and sodium sulphate

Solution

Question 6

Due to formation of calcium oxide

Due to formation of CO2

Due to formation of water

Due to formation of O2

Solution

Question 7

(i) and (ii) only

(ii) and (iii) only

(iii) and (iv) only

(ii) and (iv) only

Solution

Question 8

(i) and (iv) only

(i) and (iii) only

(ii) and (iv) only

(ii) and (iii) only

Solution

Question 9

Highly basic

Weakly basic

Highly acidic

Weakly acidic

Solution

Question 10

Conc. HCl

Dil. NaOH

Conc. H2SO4

Dil. HNO3

Solution

Question 11

FeSO4 + H2

FeO + H2O + SO2

Fe2O3 + SO2 + H2

FeO + SO2 + H2O

Solution

Question 12

If the concentration of H+ ions is more than 10-7 mol L-1, then the solution is acidic.

If the concentration of H+ ions is more than 10-7 mol L-1, then the solution is neutral.

If the concentration of H+ ions is more than 10-7 mol L-1, then the solution is basic.

The concentration of H+ ions does not have any effect on the nature of the solution.

Solution

Due to formation of CO₂

Due to formation of O₂

Conc. H₂SO₄

Dil. HNO₃

FeSO₄+ H₂

FeO + H₂O + SO₂

Fe₂O₃+ SO₂+ H₂

FeO + SO₂ + H₂O

If the concentration of H⁺ ions is more than 10^-7 mol L^-1, then the solution is acidic.

If the concentration of H⁺ ions is more than 10^-7 mol L^-1, then the solution is neutral.

If the concentration of H⁺ ions is more than 10^-7 mol L^-1, then the solution is basic.

The concentration of H⁺ ions does not have any effect on the nature of the solution.

CO₂