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The Making of a Global World Test - 1

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Weekly Quiz Competition
  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements is/are correct about the silk routes?

    a. Several silk routes have been identified by historians that lay over land and sea.
    b. Silk routes are known to have existed since before the Christian era and thrived almost till the fifteenth century.
    c. Chinese pottery, textiles, gold and silver travelled from China and spices from India and Southeast Asia to Europe.
    Solution
    Historians have identified several silk routes, over land and by sea, knitting together vast regions of Asia, and linking Asia with Europe and northern Africa. They are known to have existed since before the Christian Era and thrived almost till the fifteenth century. Chinese pottery also travelled the same route, as did textiles and spices from India and Southeast Asia. In return, precious metals – gold and silver – flowed from Europe to Asia.
  • Question 2
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    Who discovered America?

    Solution

    Christopher Columbus was an Italian explorer and navigator who made four trips across the Atlantic Ocean from Spain: in 1492, 1493, 1498 and 1502. He was determined to find a direct water route west from Europe to Asia, but he never did. Instead, he stumbled upon the Americas.

  • Question 3
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    Ireland's poorest peasants were so dependent on which of the following common foods brought from America that when disease destroyed its crop in the mid 1840s, hundreds of thousands died of starvation?
    Solution
    Great Famine, also called Irish Potato Famine,occurred in Ireland in 1845–49 when the potato crop failed in successive years. The crop failures were caused by late blight, a disease that destroys both the leaves and the edible roots, or tubers, of the potato plant. The causative agent of late blight is the water mold Phytophthora infestans. About one million people died during the Great Famine of starvation or typhus and other famine-related diseases. An estimated two million more emigrated from the country.
  • Question 4
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    Which of the following was/were extracted from mines located in present day Peru and Mexico which enhanced Europe's wealth and financed its trade with Asia?
    Solution
    Before the discovery of the sea routes, America had been cut off from regular contact with the rest of the world for millions of years. But from the sixteenth century, its vast lands and abundant crops and minerals began to transform trade and lives everywhere. Silver metal was located in present day Peru and Mexico which enhanced Europe's wealth and financed its trade with Asia. Legends spread in seventeenth-century Europe about South America's fabled wealth.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    El Dorado, the fabled city of gold, was believed to be in
    Solution
    El Dorado, the fabled city of gold that the Spanish believed was located somewhere in South America. El Dorado was the term used by the Spanish Empire to describe a mythical tribal chief of the Muisca people, an indigenous people of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense of Colombia, who, as an initiation rite, covered himself with gold dust and submerged in Lake Guatavita. The legends surrounding El Dorado changed over time, as it went from being a man, to a city, to a kingdom, and then finally to an empire.
  • Question 6
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    Which of the following two countries were among the world's richest and were also pre-eminent in Asian trade until the eighteenth century?
    Solution
    The Portuguese and Spanish conquered and colonised America by the mid-sixteenth century. Until the eighteenth century, China and India were among the worlds richest countries. They were also pre-eminent in Asian trade. China's reduced role and the rising importance of the Americas gradually moved the centre of world trade westwards. Europe then emerged as the centre of world trade.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is correct about corn laws?
    Solution
    The Corn Laws were tariffs and other trade restrictions on imported food and grain ("corn") enforced in the United Kingdom between 1815 and 1846. The word 'corn' in British English denotes all cereal grains, including wheat, oats and barley. They were designed to keep grain prices high to favour domestic producers, and represented British mercantilism. The Corn Laws blocked the import of cheap grain, initially by simply forbidding importation below a set price, and later by imposing steep import duties, making it too expensive to import grain from abroad, even when food supplies were short.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Where were the canal colonies established by the British government?
    Solution
    The Punjab Canal Colonies is the name given to parts of western Punjab which were brought under cultivation through the construction of canals and agricultural colonisation during the British Raj. Between 1885 and 1940, nine canal colonies were created in the inter-fluvial tracts east of the Beas and Sutlej and west of the Jhelum rivers. The Punjab underwent an agricultural revolution as arid subsistence production was replaced by the commercialised production of huge amounts of wheat, cotton and sugar. In total, over one million Punjabis settled in the new colonies, relieving demographic pressures in central Punjab.
  • Question 9
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    Which of the following countries became major food-grain exporters to Britain after the corn laws were scrapped in the mid-nineteenth century?
    Solution
    After the Corn Laws were scrapped, food could be imported into Britain more cheaply than it could be produced within the country. British agriculture was unable to compete with imports. From the mid nineteenth century, faster industrial growth in Britain also led to higher incomes, and therefore more food imports. Around the world – in Eastern Europe, Russia, America and Australia – lands were cleared and food production expanded to meet the British demand.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0

    Where did the European powers meet in 1885 to complete the carving up of Africa between them?

    Solution

    Big European countries met in 1885 at Berlin to complete the process of carving up of Africa among them. Major European powers negotiated and formalized claims to territory in Africa and this was also called the Berlin West Africa Conference.

  • Question 11
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    Which of the following countries took over some of the colonies held by Spain in Africa in the late 1890s?

    Solution

    America took the territories of Spain and spreaded imperialism. Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines (for which the United States compensated Spain $20 million, equivalent to $602 million in present-day terms), were ceded by Spain after the Spanish–American War in the 1898 Treaty of Paris.

     

  • Question 12
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    The local economy of which of the following was affected severely by the fast-spreading disease of cattle plague or rinderpest in the 1890s?
    Solution
    An infectious viral disease of cattle is known as Rinderpest. Death rates during outbreaks were usually extremely high, approaching 100% in immunologically naïve populations. Rinderpest was mainly transmitted by direct contact and by drinking contaminated water, although it could also be transmitted by air. It was during late 1880s or early 1890s when this disease entered East Africa through British Asia. The local economy of Africa was affected severely by the fast-spreading disease of cattle plague or rinderpest in the 1890s. The Italian soldiers were helping Africans to invade Eritrea so the military imported cattle from British Asia to feed the soldiers fighting for their country. The cattle were infected so after feeding on these cattle rinderpest was spread among humans. Many people migrated from Africa to other parts of the world because of this disease.
  • Question 13
    1 / -0
    Which of the following was not one of the main destinations of Indian indentured migrants?
    Solution
    In India, indentured labourers were hired under contracts which promised return travel to India after they had worked five years on their employers' plantation. Most Indian indentured workers came from the present-day regions of eastern Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and the dry districts of Tamil Nadu. The main destinations of Indian indentured migrants were the Caribbean islands, Mauritius, Trinidad, Guyana and Fiji. Nineteenth-century indenture has been described as a new system of slavery. Living and working conditions were harsh, and there were few legal rights. Nineteenth-century indenture has been described as a new system of slavery. Living and working conditions were harsh, and there were few legal rights. From the 1900s Indias nationalist leaders began opposing the system of indentured labour migration as abusive and cruel. It was abolished in 1921.
  • Question 14
    1 / -0
    In which of the following places was the annual Muharram procession transformed into a riotous carnival called 'Hosay' (for Imam Hussain), in which workers of all races and religions joined?
    Solution
    In Trinidad the annual Muharram procession was transformed into a riotous carnival called 'Hosay' (for Imam Hussain) in which workers of all races and religions joined. It is a Muslim Indo-Caribbean commemoration in which a multi-colored model mausoleums or Mosque shaped model tombs known as Tadjah are used to display the symbolic part of this commemoration.
  • Question 15
    1 / -0

    Why did the inflow of fine Indian cotton begin to decline in the British market?

    Solution

    With industrialisation, British cotton manufacture began to expand and industrialists pressurised the government to restrict cotton imports into Britain and protect local industries. Tariffs were imposed on cloth imports into Britain, consequently the inflow of fine Indian cotton began to decline.

  • Question 16
    1 / -0
    Which of the following were exported from India to Britain in the nineteenth century?

    a. Food grains
    b. Raw cotton
    c. Indigo
    Solution
    The most important agricultural commodities for India in the first half of the 19th century were raw cotton, raw silk, and sugar, and they were a growing fraction of India's exports. By 1811, they accounted for 57 percent of India's exports by value compared to 33 percent for cotton piece goods (Chaudhuri 1983). It also traded cotton, silk, indigo, food grains, saltpeter, and tea and transported slaves. It became involved in politics and acted as an agent of British imperialism in India from the early 18th century to the mid-19th century.
  • Question 17
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    Britain's trade surplus in India helped pay the 'home charges'. Which of the following is not included in 'home charges'?

    Solution

    Trade surplus means when the rate of export is higher than rate of import, the profit we get is called trade surplus. Britain's trade surplus in India helped pay the 'home charges' that included private remittances to home by British officials and traders, interest payments on India's external debt and pensions of British officials in India.

  • Question 18
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    Which of the following countries was a part of the central powers during the first world war?
    Solution
    The Allies described the wartime military alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire as the 'Central Powers'. The name referred to the geographical location of the two original members of the alliance, Germany and Austria-Hungary, in central Europe. The Ottoman Turkey empire joined the alliance in November 1914 and the last member of the quartet, the Kingdom of Bulgaria, entered the war on the side of the Central Powers in October 1915.
  • Question 19
    1 / -0
    Which of the following are known as the Bretton Woods institutions?

    a. World Health Organisation
    b. United Nations
    c. International Monetary Fund
    d. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
    Solution
    Preparing to rebuild the international economic system while World War II was still raging, 730 delegates from all 44 Allied nations gathered in Bretton Woods for the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference, also known as the Bretton Woods Conference. The delegates deliberated during 1 - 22 July, 1944, and signed the Bretton Woods agreement on its final day. These accords established the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), which today are part of the World Bank Group.
  • Question 20
    1 / -0
    The axis powers in the second world war were
    Solution
    The three principal partners in the Axis alliance were Germany, Italy, and Japan. These three countries recognized German domination over most of continental Europe; Italian domination over the Mediterranean Sea; and Japanese domination over East Asia and the Pacific.
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