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Nationalism in Europe And India Test - 8

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Nationalism in Europe And India Test - 8
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Weekly Quiz Competition
  • Question 1
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    Mahatma Gandhi organised the peasants in Champaran in Bihar in 1916 for Satyagraha against which of the following?
    Solution
    The Champaran Satyagraha of 1916 was the first Satyagraha movement led by Gandhi in India and is considered a historically important revolt in the Indian Independence Movement. It was a farmer's uprising that took place in Champaran district of Bihar, India, during the British colonial period. The farmers were protesting against having to grow indigo with barely any payment for it. When Gandhi returned to India from South Africa in 1915, and saw peasants in northern India oppressed by indigo planters, he tried to use the same methods that he had used in South Africa to organize mass uprisings by people to protest against injustice.
  • Question 2
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    Who wrote the book, 'Hind Swaraj', which declared that British rule was established and had survived in India with the cooperation of Indians?
    Solution
    'Hind Swaraj' or 'Indian Home Rule' is a book which was written by Mohandas K. Gandhi in 1909. In it, he expresses his views on Swaraj, modern civilisation, mechanisation, etc. The book was banned in 1910 by the British government in India as a seditious text. In his famous book 'Hind Swaraj' (1909), Mahatma Gandhi declared that British rule was established in India with the cooperation of Indians, and had survived only because of this cooperation.
  • Question 3
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    Who was the leader of the Gudem rebels?
    Solution
    In the Gudem Hills of Andhra Pradesh, a militant guerrila movement spread in the early 1920s under the leadership of Alluri Sitaram Raju against forest laws. The rebels proclaimed that he was an incarnation of God as he could make correct astrological predictions and heal people. The Gudem rebellion spread in response to the Non Cooperation Movement in 1921; he was inspired by Non Cooperation Movement, and he persuaded people to wear Khadi and give up drinking. But at the same time he asserted that India could be liberated only by the use of force. The Gudem rebels also attacked police station, attempted to kill British officials and carried on guerrilla warfare for achieving swaraj. Raju was arrested and executed in 1924.
  • Question 4
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    For which of the following demands was Dandi March undertaken by Mahatma Gandhi?
    Solution
    The Salt March, also known as the Dandi March and the Dandi Satyagraha, was an act of non-violent civil disobedience initiated by Gandhi to produce salt from the seawater in the coastal village of Dandi, as was the practice of the local populace until British officials introduced taxation on salt production, deemed their sea-salt reclamation activities illegal, and then repeatedly used force to stop it.
  • Question 5
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    Who led the Khilafat movement?

    Solution

    A campaign in defense of the caliphate was launched, led in India by the brothers Shaukat and Muḥammad ʿAlī and by Abul Kalam Azad. The leaders joined forces with Mahatma Gandhi's non cooperation movement for Indian freedom, promising nonviolence in return for his support of the Khilafat movement. Gandhi's suspension of his movement and his arrest in March 1922 weakened the Khilafat movement still further. It was further undermined when Mustafa Kemal Atatürk drove the Greeks from western Asia Minor in 1922 and deposed the Turkish sultan Mehmed VI in the same year. The movement finally collapsed when Atatürk abolished the caliphate altogether in 1924.

  • Question 6
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    Who formed the Swaraj Party within the Congress?
    Solution
    The Swaraj Party was established as the Congress-Khilafat Swaraj Party. It was a political party formed in India in January 1923 after the Gaya annual conference in December 1922 of the National Congress, that sought greater self-government and political freedom for the Indian people from the British Raj. In December 1922, Chittaranjan Das and Motilal Nehru formed the Congress-Khilafat Swarajaya Party with Das as the president and Nehru as one of the secretaries. Other prominent leaders included Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy and Subhas Chandra Bose of Bengal, Vithalbhai Patel and other Congress leaders who were becoming dissatisfied with the Congress. The other group was the 'No-Changers', who had accepted Gandhi's decision to withdraw the movement.
  • Question 7
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    The resolution of Purna Swaraj or complete independence was taken under the Presidency of Jawaharlal Nehru in the Congress session of
    Solution
    In December 1929, under the Presidency of Jawaharlal Nehru, the Lahore Congress formalised the demand of 'Purna Swaraj' or full independence for India. It was declared that 26 January 1930 would be celebrated as the Independence Day when people were to take a pledge to struggle for complete independence.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    For which of the following demands was Dandi March undertaken by Mahatma Gandhi?
    Solution
    The Salt March, also known as the Dandi March and the Dandi Satyagraha, was an act of non-violent civil disobedience initiated by Gandhi to produce salt from the seawater in the coastal village of Dandi, as was the practice of the local populace until British officials introduced taxation on salt production, deemed their sea-salt reclamation activities illegal, and then repeatedly used force to stop it.
  • Question 9
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    Which of the following is incorrect about the Gandhi-Irwin pact?
    Solution
    The 'Gandhi - Irwin Pact' was a political agreement signed by Mahatma Gandhi and Lord Irwin, Viceroy of India, on 5 March 1931 before the second Round Table Conference in London. Before this, Lord Irwin, the Viceroy, had announced in October 1929 a vague offer of 'dominion status' for British-occupied India in an unspecified future and a Round Table Conference to discuss a future constitution. The second Round Table Conference was held from September to December 1931 in London.

    Below are the proposed conditions:-

    Discontinuation of Salt March by the Indian National Congress
    Participation by the Indian National Congress in the Second Round Table Conference
    Withdrawal of all ordinances issued by the Government of India imposing curbs on the activities of the Indian National Congress
    Withdrawal of all prosecutions relating to several types of offenses except those involving violence
    Release of prisoners arrested for participating in the Salt March.
    Removal of the tax on salt, which allowed the Indians to produce, trade, and sell salt legally and for their own private use
  • Question 10
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    Where did the second round table conference take place?
    Solution
    The second Round Table Conference was held in London from 7 September 1931 to 1 December 1931 with the participation of Gandhi and the Indian National Congress. Two weeks before the Conference convened, the Labour government had been replaced by the Conservatives. At the conference, Gandhi claimed to represent all people of India. This view, however, was not shared by other delegates. In fact, the division between the many attending groups was one of the reasons why the outcomes of the second Round Table Conference were again no substantial results regarding India's constitutional future.
  • Question 11
    1 / -0
    The Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI) was established to organise Indian businessmen's interests in which year?
    Solution
    The Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry is an association of business organisations in India. Established in 1927, on the advice of Mahatma Gandhi by GD Birla and Purushottam Das Thakurdas, it is the largest, oldest and the apex business organisation in India. It is a non-government, not-for-profit organisation. FICCI draws its membership from the corporate sector, both private and public, including SMEs and MNCs. It is headquartered in the national capital New Delhi and has a presence in 12 states in India and 8 countries across the world.
  • Question 12
    1 / -0
    What name did Gandhiji give to the untouchables?
    Solution
    Harijan, in traditional Indian society, is the former name for any member of a wide range of low-caste Hindu groups and any person outside the caste system. Mahatma Gandhi called untouchables Harijans (Children of the God Hari Vishnu, or simply Children of God) and long worked for their emancipation. However, this name is now considered condescending and offensive.
  • Question 13
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    Who wrote Vande Mataram?
    Solution
    Bankimchandra Chatterjee or Bankimchandra Chattopadhyay, CBE was an Indian novelist, poet and journalist. He was the composer of Vande Mataram, originally in Sanskrit stotra personifying India as a mother goddess and inspiring activists during the Indian Independence Movement. He passed away on 8 April 1894, but his body of work continues to occupy an important position in literature and interestingly, in politics too, even today.
  • Question 14
    1 / -0
    The Poona Pact was signed between whom among the following?
    Solution
    The Poona Pact was an agreement between Mahatma Gandhi and Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar on behalf of depressed classes and upper caste Hindu leaders on the reservation of electoral seats for the depressed classes in the legislature of British India government in 1930. It was made on 24th September, 1932 at Yerwada Central Jail in Poona, India. It was signed by Ambedkar on behalf of depressed classes and by Madan Mohan Malviya on behalf of the upper caste Hindus and Gandhi.
  • Question 15
    1 / -0
    Who toured extensively with Mahatma Gandhi through the summer of 1920 to promote the Non-Cooperation Movement?
    Solution
    The Non-cooperation movement was launched on 5th September, 1920 by Mahatma Gandhi with the aim of self-governance and obtaining full independence as the Indian National Congress withdraw its support for British reforms following the Rowlatt Act of 21 March 1919, and the Jallianwala Bagh massacre of 13 April 1919. Gandhiji saw in the Non-Cooperation Movement an opportunity for uniting Hindus & Muslims; for the same reason Mahatma Gandhi & Shaukat Ali, one of the leaders of the Non-Cooperation Movement, toured extensively through the summer of 1920.
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