Chemistry Test - 16

Fluorine acts as a stronger oxidizing agent than oxygen because it is more electronegative than oxygen. So, it can easily attract electrons and get reduced. Thus, oxygen is a strong reducing agent than fluorine.

Therefore, both the Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct, explanation for Assertion.

Here \(\mathrm{HCl}+\mathrm{I}_{2}\) combination doesn't evolve \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}\) gas.

\(\mathrm{HCl}+\mathrm{I}_{2} \rightarrow\) No reaction

\(8 \mathrm{HCl}+\mathrm{KMnO}_{4} \rightarrow \mathrm{MnCl}_{2}+\frac{5}{2} \mathrm{Cl}_{2} \uparrow\) \(+\mathrm{KCl}+4 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\)

\(4 \mathrm{HCl}+\mathrm{MnO}_{2} \rightarrow \mathrm{MnCl}_{2}+\mathrm{Cl}_{2} \uparrow+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\)

\(\mathrm{HCl}+\mathrm{F}_{2} \rightarrow \mathrm{HF}+\mathrm{Cl}_{2} \uparrow\)

Numbering of parent chain will occur from right hand side because functional group like aldehyde is given lowest numbering.

If liquids \(A\) and \(B\) form an ideal solution, the enthalpy of mixing is zero.

For ideal solution \(\Delta V_{\text {mixing }}=0, \Delta H_{\text {mixing }}=0\). The Gibbs free energy is always negative and becomes more negative as the temperature is increased.

When an aqueous solution of NaCl is electrolysed, hydrogen is liberated at cathode. Specific conductivity and molar conductivity are different terms. Silver nitrate solution cannot be stored in a copper container as silver will get precipitated because of high reactivity of Cu than Ag.

The addition of liquid bromine to iodide solution turns it violet.

\(B r_{2(l)}+2 I_{(a q)} \rightarrow 2 B r_{(a q)}+I_{2(a q)}\)

Here, \(B r_{2(l)}\) is Reddish-brown in color and \(I_{2(a q)}\) is violet in color.

Faraday's second law of electrolysis states that, when the same quantity of electricity is passed through several electrolytes, the mass of the substances deposited are proportional to their respective chemical equivalent or equivalent weight.

Given that:

Weight of silver, \({W_{A g}}=1.08~g\)

We know that:

Atomic weight of silver, \({E_{A g}}=108~g\)

Atomic weight of hydrogen, \({E_{H_2}}=1 ~g\)

According to Faraday's second law,

\(\frac{W_{H_{2}}}{W_{A g}}=\frac{E_{H_{2}}}{E_{A g}}\)

\(\Rightarrow W_{H_{2}}=\frac{1}{108} \times 1.08=0.01 g\)

According to Aufbau principle, electron enters lower energy orbital first.

• In the case of Zn, Cd, Hg, the last electron is filled in (n-1)d orbital but not in ns orbital.
• As the atomic radii increases, it weakens the nuclear attraction (net electrostatic forces of attraction between nucleus and valence electrons), causing outermost electrons to be loosely held and easily lost, increasing reactivity down the group as a result.

Moving down the group, increases the bond strength. Therefore, the correct order of increasing bond strength of the given elements will be:

Least hindered halides give the fastest SN2 reaction as the hindrance increases. As the hindrance increases, the occurrence of SN2 reaction decreases.

Generally, crops absorb nitrogen in the form of nitrate because crops cannot digest the atmospheric nitrogen due to the presence of the triple bond in the atmospheric nitrogen.

Most crops preferably absorb nitrogen in nitrate form.

• Nitrate fertilizers (like potassium nitrate) are readily soluble in water and meet the immediate nitrogen requirement of plants.
• Nitrogen is involved in forming amino-acids, which are the building blocks of proteins.
• Nitrate form of fertilizer is more soluble in water than the other forms of the fertilizer.
• Among the given options potassium nitrate is the fertilizer which is highly soluble in water.

Therefore, potassium nitrate is a nitrogen fertilizer that can meet the needs of the immediate requirement to the crops.