Hindi English Translation || Editorial || ​A respite: On the two-week U.S.-Iran ceasefire

​A respite: On the two-week U.S.-Iran ceasefire

U.S. should not allow Israel to sabotage (जानबूझकर नुकसान पहुँचाना) the ceasefire with Iran

After demanding Iran’s unconditional (बिना शर्त) surrender (समर्पण, आत्मसमर्पण) and threatening to erase (मिटा देना, नष्ट कर देना) its civilisation (सभ्यता), U.S. President Donald Trump, on April 8, agreed to a two-week ceasefire (युद्धविराम) and to hold (आयोजित करना, संचालित करना) direct talks (वार्ता, बातचीत) with Tehran on the basis of its 10-point peace formula. Iran has said that it will honour (पालन करना) the truce (संघर्षविराम, अस्थायी युद्धविराम) and allow the “safe passage (सुरक्षित मार्ग, सुरक्षित आवागमन)” of vessels (जहाज़, पोत) through the Strait of Hormuz. This war need not have been launched in the first place. The U.S. and Iran had held multiple rounds of talks and Omani and British officials (अधिकारी, सरकारी प्रतिनिधि) said that a deal was within reach (सुलभ, प्राप्त करने योग्य). But Mr. Trump, aided (मदद करना, सहायता करना) and abetted by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, ordered the bombing (an attack with bombs; bombardment, air strike, shelling, explosion) of Iran on February 28, killing its Supreme Leader (the head of state and highest-ranking political and religious authority in Iran), Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, and several others. Mr. Trump gravely (seriously, severely, profoundly, deeply) miscalculated (misjudge, underestimate, err, make a mistake) Iran’s response; it regionalised (to make an issue or conflict affect an entire geographic region; spread, expand geographically) the conflict (war, warfare, clash, hostilities, battle) by attacking U.S. bases (a center of operations or a military installation; installation, camp, station, outpost) across the Gulf and dragged the global economy into it by taking control of the Strait (a narrow passage of water connecting two larger areas of water; channel). True, the U.S. and Israel pulverised (to defeat utterly or completely destroy; annihilate, crush, decimate, demolish) Iran over the past 40 days. Yet, the U.S. did not have an easy option to reopen the Strait. Remarkably (surprisingly, astonishingly, notably, exceptionally), Mr. Trump’s central demand (the most important or principal requirement; core condition, primary request, key prerequisite) to end the war was for Iran to reopen the Strait that was open before he launched the war.

On day 1 of the war, Mr. Trump set (to establish an objective; establish, lay down, specify) several sweeping (comprehensive, all-inclusive, extensive, overarching) objectives, including destroying Iran’s missile capabilities (a country’s capacity to produce and deploy missiles; ballistic capacity, weapon potential, armament strength, firepower), its navy, nuclear programme and pursuing (to seek to attain a goal; seek, work towards, aim for, strive for) regime change (the forcible replacement of one government or administration by another; overthrow deposition, governmental transition). None has been met. The war has pushed up oil, gas and food prices, aggravating (to make a problem or situation worse; worsen, exacerbate, compound, intensify) economic woes (great suffering, trouble, or distress; trouble, hardship, misery, difficulty) worldwide. In Iran’s latest 10-point proposal, Tehran has reaffirmed (to state again strongly; assert again, reiterate, restate) its control over the Strait of Hormuz, demanded a removal of all sanctions (measures taken by a nation to coerce another to conform to international norms; penalties, embargoes, boycotts, restrictions) and guarantees (a formal assurance, promise, pledge, commitment) against future aggression (hostility, attack, assault, belligerence). Far from (not at all; nowhere near, not in the least, anything but, quite the opposite of) weakening Iran, the U.S.-Israel war has left it strategically (relating to the achievement of long-term military or political interests; tactically, politically, geopolitically) stronger in an increasingly (progressively, more and more, growingly) fragile (easily broken, damaged, or vulnerable; vulnerable, delicate, precarious, unstable) region. If Mr. Trump has realised, even belatedly (happening or coming later than should have been the case; late, tardily, overdue, behindhand), the scale (extent, magnitude, proportion, scope) of his misjudgement (a wrong decision; mistake, error, blunder, miscalculation), it is good news for West Asia. Pakistan deserves (to be worthy of something; merit, warrant, justify, earn) credit for its constructive (useful, beneficial, productive, positive) diplomatic (relating to the management of international relations; ambassadorial, foreign-policy, statesmanlike) efforts that helped bring the two sides closer. But the ceasefire is only a beginning (the first part or earliest stage of something; start, genesis, inception). Wide gaps (difference, disparity, divergence, divide) remain between the U.S.’s 15-point proposal (a plan put forward for consideration) and Iran’s 10-point formula. Iran and Pakistan say the truce applies on all fronts (an area of operation; a particular sphere of activity; area, sphere, field, domain), including Lebanon. Mr. Netanyahu, while welcoming (greet favorably, embrace, support, accept) the ceasefire, has ruled out any halt (stop, cessation, end, termination) to Israeli attacks in Lebanon. For peace and stability (firmness, solidity, steadiness, security) in the region, Israel and its militarism (warmongering, belligerence, hawkishness, aggression) must be reined in. Finally, Mr. Trump must realise that his incendiary (provocative, inflammatory, contentious, explosive) rhetoric (the art of speaking or writing effectively and persuasively, often implying language that lacks sincerity or meaningful content; bombast, grandiloquence, verbosity, oratory, extravagant language, boastfulness), his vulgarism (an expression considered inelegant or offensive; obscenity, crudity, profanity, tastelessness) and genocidal (relating to the intentional killing of a large group of people; murderous, exterminatory, mass-murdering, homicidal) threats are not just a disgrace (shame, dishonour, embarrassment) to the office he holds (to occupy a position or office) but also counterproductive (detrimental, harmful, unhelpful, self-defeating) in international diplomacy (the skill of managing international relations; foreign affairs, statecraft, global negotiations, international relations). He should watch his words and focus on securing a durable (long-lasting, lasting, enduring, persistent) peace if he wants to escape the mess he has put himself in.

Courtesy: The Hindu

Important Word List With Meaning

1.ceasefire (noun)

Hindi Meaning - युद्धविराम
English Meaning - a temporary suspension of fighting; truce, armistice, cessation of hostilities.

2.sabotage (verb)

Hindi Meaning - जानबूझकर नुकसान पहुँचाना
English Meaning - deliberately destroy, damage, or obstruct something; undermine, ruin, disrupt, impair.

3.unconditional (adjective)

Hindi Meaning - बिना शर्त
English Meaning - not subject to any conditions; absolute, complete, total, unequivocal, unreserved.

4.surrender (noun)

Hindi Meaning - समर्पण, आत्मसमर्पण
English Meaning - capitulation, submission, yielding, conceding.

5.erase (verb)

Hindi Meaning - मिटा देना, नष्ट कर देना
English Meaning - to completely destroy or remove something; obliterate, wipe out, annihilate, eradicate.

6.civilisation (noun)

Hindi Meaning - सभ्यता
English Meaning - a society, its culture and its way of life during a particular period of time or in a particular part of the world; society, culture.

7.hold (verb)

Hindi Meaning - आयोजित करना, संचालित करना
English Meaning - conduct, organize, convene, carry out.

8.talks (noun)

Hindi Meaning - वार्ता, बातचीत
English Meaning - formal discussions intended to produce an agreement; negotiations, discussions, dialogue, consultations.

9.honour (verb)

Hindi Meaning - पालन करना
English Meaning - to fulfil or respect an obligation or agreement; keep, observe, abide by, adhere to.

10.truce (noun)

Hindi Meaning - संघर्षविराम, अस्थायी युद्धविराम
English Meaning - an agreement between enemies or opponents to stop fighting for a certain time; ceasefire, armistice, suspension of hostilities.

11.safe passage (noun)

Hindi Meaning - सुरक्षित मार्ग, सुरक्षित आवागमन
English Meaning - secure transit, protected journey, safe conduct, unimpeded movement.

12.vessel (noun)

Hindi Meaning - जहाज़, पोत
English Meaning - a ship or large boat; ship.

13.official (noun)

Hindi Meaning - अधिकारी, सरकारी प्रतिनिधि
English Meaning - representative, officer, executive, bureaucrat.

14.within reach (phrase)

Hindi Meaning - सुलभ, प्राप्त करने योग्य
English Meaning - possible to achieve or attain; attainable, achievable, accessible, realizable.

15.aid (verb)

Hindi Meaning - मदद करना, सहायता करना
English Meaning - assist, support, help, back.

16.in the first place (phrase)

English Meaning - at the beginning; originally, initially, from the start, at the outset.

17.respite (noun)

English Meaning - a short period of rest or relief from something difficult or unpleasant; break, breathing space, pause, interval.

18.Tehran (proper noun)

English Meaning - the capital of Iran, representing the Iranian administration and its leadership; Iranian authorities, Iranian regime, Iranian leadership, Iranian government.

19.Strait of Hormuz (proper noun)

English Meaning - a strategically important narrow waterway linking the Persian Gulf with the Arabian Sea, essential for global oil transport.

20.abet (verb)

English Meaning - to encourage or assist someone to do something wrong, particularly a crime; assist, help, encourage, support.

21.bombing (noun)

English Meaning - an attack with bombs; bombardment, air strike, shelling, explosion.

22.Supreme Leader (proper noun)

English Meaning - the head of state and highest-ranking political and religious authority in Iran.

23.gravely (adverb)

English Meaning - seriously, severely, profoundly, deeply.

24.miscalculate (verb)

English Meaning - misjudge, underestimate, err, make a mistake.

25.regionalise (verb)

English Meaning - to make an issue or conflict affect an entire geographic region; spread, expand geographically.

26.conflict (noun)

English Meaning - war, warfare, clash, hostilities, battle.

27.base (noun)

English Meaning - a center of operations or a military installation; installation, camp, station, outpost.

28.drag into (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - to force someone or something to become involved in a difficult situation; embroil, entangle, implicate, involve.

29.strait (noun)

English Meaning - a narrow passage of water connecting two larger areas of water; channel.

30.pulverise (verb)

English Meaning - to defeat utterly or completely destroy; annihilate, crush, decimate, demolish.

31.remarkably (adverb)

English Meaning - surprisingly, astonishingly, notably, exceptionally.

32.central demand (noun)

English Meaning - the most important or principal requirement; core condition, primary request, key prerequisite.

33.set (verb)

English Meaning - to establish an objective; establish, lay down, specify.

34.sweeping (adjective)

English Meaning - comprehensive, all-inclusive, extensive, overarching.

35.objective (noun)

English Meaning - aim, goal, target, purpose.

36.missile capability (noun)

English Meaning - a country’s capacity to produce and deploy missiles; ballistic capacity, weapon potential, armament strength, firepower.

37.missile (noun)

English Meaning - a self-propelled, guided weapon system designed to carry an explosive payload over a distance to a target; projectile.

38.pursue (verb)

English Meaning - to seek to attain a goal; seek, work towards, aim for, strive for.

39.regime change (noun)

English Meaning - the forcible replacement of one government or administration by another; overthrow deposition, governmental transition.

40.regime (noun)

English Meaning - government, administration, system.

41.meet (verb)

English Meaning - fulfill, satisfy, answer, achieve.

42.push up (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - increase, raise, elevate, inflate.

43.aggravate (verb)

English Meaning - to make a problem or situation worse; worsen, exacerbate, compound, intensify.

44.woe (noun)

English Meaning - great suffering, trouble, or distress; trouble, hardship, misery, difficulty.

45.proposal (noun)

English Meaning - a plan put forward for consideration.

46.reaffirm (verb)

English Meaning - to state again strongly; assert again, reiterate, restate.

47.sanctions (noun)

English Meaning - measures taken by a nation to coerce another to conform to international norms; penalties, embargoes, boycotts, restrictions.

48.guarantee (noun)

English Meaning - a formal assurance, promise, pledge, commitment.

49.aggression (noun)

English Meaning - hostility, attack, assault, belligerence.

50.far from (phrase)

English Meaning - not at all; nowhere near, not in the least, anything but, quite the opposite of.

51.leave (verb)

English Meaning - to cause to remain in a specified condition; result in, cause to be, make, render.

52.strategically (adverb)

English Meaning - relating to the achievement of long-term military or political interests; tactically, politically, geopolitically.

53.increasingly (adverb)

English Meaning - progressively, more and more, growingly.

54.fragile (adjective)

English Meaning - easily broken, damaged, or vulnerable; vulnerable, delicate, precarious, unstable.

55.belatedly (adverb)

English Meaning - happening or coming later than should have been the case; late, tardily, overdue, behindhand.

56.scale (noun)

English Meaning - extent, magnitude, proportion, scope.

57.misjudgement (noun)

English Meaning - a wrong decision; mistake, error, blunder, miscalculation.

58.deserve (verb)

English Meaning - to be worthy of something; merit, warrant, justify, earn.

59.credit (noun)

English Meaning - public acknowledgment; praise, commendation, acclaim, recognition.

60.constructive (adjective)

English Meaning - useful, beneficial, productive, positive.

61.diplomatic (adjective)

English Meaning - relating to the management of international relations; ambassadorial, foreign-policy, statesmanlike.

62.bring closer (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - unite, reconcile, draw together, bridge the gap.

63.a beginning (noun)

English Meaning - the first part or earliest stage of something; start, genesis, inception.

64.gap (noun)

English Meaning - difference, disparity, divergence, divide.

65.front (noun)

English Meaning - an area of operation; a particular sphere of activity; area, sphere, field, domain.

66.welcome (verb)

English Meaning - greet favorably, embrace, support, accept.

67.rule out (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - to exclude or eliminate something from consideration; exclude, eliminate, reject, dismiss.

68.halt (noun)

English Meaning - stop, cessation, end, termination.

69.stability (noun)

English Meaning - firmness, solidity, steadiness, security.

70.militarism (noun)

English Meaning - warmongering, belligerence, hawkishness, aggression.

71.rein in (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - restrain, check, curb, control.

72.incendiary (adjective)

English Meaning - provocative, inflammatory, contentious, explosive.

73.rhetoric (noun)

English Meaning - the art of speaking or writing effectively and persuasively, often implying language that lacks sincerity or meaningful content; bombast, grandiloquence, verbosity, oratory, extravagant language, boastfulness.

74.vulgarism (noun)

English Meaning - an expression considered inelegant or offensive; obscenity, crudity, profanity, tastelessness.

75.genocidal (adjective)

English Meaning - relating to the intentional killing of a large group of people; murderous, exterminatory, mass-murdering, homicidal.

76.disgrace (noun)

English Meaning - shame, dishonour, embarrassment.

77.hold (verb)

English Meaning - to occupy a position or office.

78.counterproductive (adjective)

English Meaning - detrimental, harmful, unhelpful, self-defeating.

79.international diplomacy (noun)

English Meaning - the skill of managing international relations; foreign affairs, statecraft, global negotiations, international relations.

80.watch one’s words (phrase)

English Meaning - to be careful about what one says; be cautious, speak carefully, measure one’s words, mind one’s language.

81.secure (verb)

English Meaning - to succeed in obtaining or achieving something; achieve, obtain, acquire, gain.

82.durable (adjective)

English Meaning - long-lasting, lasting, enduring, persistent.

83.put oneself in (phrase)

English Meaning - to bring oneself into a particular situation or position; place oneself in, involve oneself in, end up in, land oneself in.