Hindi English Translation || Editorial || ​A slow revival: On the state of India-China ties

​A slow revival: On the state of India-China ties

India’s decision to restart issuing tourist visas for Chinese nationals is a strong signal that diplomacy (कूटनीति) over restoring ties (संबंध, रिश्ते) rent apart by the LAC military standoff (गतिरोध, टकराव की स्थिति) and Galwan clash (संघर्ष, टकराव) of 2020 is moving smoothly. Since Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Chinese President Xi Jinping met in Kazan last October, there have been a number of high-level meetings; the Working Mechanism for Consultation and Coordination on India-China Border Affairs (WMCC) has been convened three times. The visa decision comes a month after China reopened the Kailash Manasarovar Yatra pilgrimage (तीर्थ यात्रा). The two sides have also agreed in principle (सैद्धांतिक रूप में) to revive (पुनर्जीवित करना) direct flights, and it is hoped visas for journalists will follow. A joint statement last month said that they would hold “certain functional dialogues (वार्ता, संवाद)” to discuss economic issues and trade, presumably (सम्भवत:, अनुमानतः) to address (tackle, deal with, attend to, try to sort out) India’s restrictions on Chinese investment, and China’s export restrictions on fertilizer (उर्वरक, खाद) and critical minerals. The export restrictions are causing considerable (काफी, महत्वपूर्ण) disruption in Indian technology sector companies, and even Japanese and South Korean automotive companies based in India have raised concerns over supply chain (आपूर्ति शृंखला) issues. The measures (action, act, step, course of action, procedure) are expected to continue to roll out (launch, introduce, initiate, start/begin, establish, get going) as preparations begin for the expected visit of Mr. Modi for the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is a permanent intergovernmental international organisation, the creation of which was announced on 15 June 2001 in Shanghai (China). The SCO currently comprises eight Member States (China, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Pakistan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan) and is seen as a counterweight to NATO (The North Atlantic Treaty Organization). It was established as a multilateral association to ensure security and maintain stability across the vast Eurasian region, join forces to counteract emerging challenges and threats, and enhance trade, as well as cultural and humanitarian cooperation) Summit in August. The WMCC held on Wednesday in Delhi discussed preparations for the next meeting of Special Representatives (top-level diplomats or officials) on the China-India boundary question, to discuss dispute resolution (solution, settlement, compromise, answer); China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs says that it is speaking to India about New Delhi’s concerns over the mega-dam project (a mega-dam project on the Brahmaputra River, known as the Yarlung Tsangpo in Tibet is China’s plan to build a mega-hydropower dam) on the Brahmaputra (Yarlung Tsangpo) in Tibet.

However, both sides have been muted (silence, restrain, muffle, moderate, tone down) about the reason for the rupture (quarrel, rift, break-up, feud, division, separation, split) in ties in the first place. There has been little discussion over what prompted (cause, bring about, induce, trigger, provoke, give rise to) the Chinese PLA to transgress (breach, break, infract, contravene, offend, violate, go against) the LAC in 2020, which led to the Galwan clash, and what guarantees (assurance, promise, covenant, warrant) Beijing has given that this would not be repeated. While in December 2024, the government told Parliament that normalcy (a normal condition; normality, regularity) in ties could only follow the restoration (reinstitution, re-establishment, reinstallation) of “peace and tranquillity in the border areas”, it appears it is now prepared to continue to normalise other parts of the relationship without achieving troop (forces; armed forces, soldiers) de-escalation (reduction, lessening, decrease (the intensity of something)), dismantling (deconstruct, demolish, break up, knock down, fell) of infrastructure (the basic physical or organisational structure or framework that a country or organization needs in order to function properly. For a whole nation, it includes all the physical systems such as buildings, roads & railways networks, utilities, etc) in disputed areas and buffer zones (neutral area, neutral territory) that would lead to restoring patrolling (vigil, guard, watch, monitoring) to pre-2020 levels. Ties have also been impacted over Operation Sindoor, with revelations (acknowledgement, acceptance, admission, confession, disclosure, recognition; news, report) that the PLA was in lock-step (a condition or relationship in which a person is in complete agreement with other person) with Pakistan’s army. The government must realise that restoring mechanisms (system, procedure, process, method/technique) of bilateral (involving two groups or countries) ties are not by themselves sufficient for rebuilding trust. Sweeping key issues under the carpet, without some transparency (clarity, straightforwardness, openness, honesty, unambiguity) on the path ahead, could put the whole process of reviving relations at risk.

Courtesy: The Hindu

Important Word List With Meaning

1.revival (noun)

Hindi Meaning - पुनरुत्थान, पुनरुद्धार
English Meaning - re-establishment, reintroduction, restoration; improvement.

2.state (noun)

Hindi Meaning - स्थिति, अवस्था
English Meaning - condition.

3.ties (noun)

Hindi Meaning - संबंध, रिश्ते
English Meaning - association, relationship, bond, connection.

4.diplomacy (noun)

Hindi Meaning - कूटनीति
English Meaning - international politics, foreign affairs, foreign policy; negotiations, discussions, talks, dialogue (related to international politics).

5.Line of Actual Control (LAC) (noun)

Hindi Meaning - वास्तविक नियंत्रण रेखा
English Meaning - the de-facto (effective) border between India and China. The LAC is a 4,057-km border running through three areas-Western (Ladakh, Ladakh (Kashmir)), middle (Uttarakhand, Himachal), and eastern (Sikkim, Arunachal).

6.standoff (noun)

Hindi Meaning - गतिरोध, टकराव की स्थिति
English Meaning - deadlock, stalemate, impasse (in a dispute/conflict).

7.clash (noun)

Hindi Meaning - संघर्ष, टकराव
English Meaning - fight, conflict, skirmish, confrontation.

8.pilgrimage (noun)

Hindi Meaning - तीर्थ यात्रा
English Meaning - religious journey, holy expedition, excursion.

9.in principle (phrase)

Hindi Meaning - सैद्धांतिक रूप में
English Meaning - in general, generally, by and large, on the whole, all things considered

10.revive (verb)

Hindi Meaning - पुनर्जीवित करना
English Meaning - restore, reintroduce, relaunch, re-establish, renew, bring back.

11.dialogue (noun)

Hindi Meaning - वार्ता, संवाद
English Meaning - talks, discussion, discourse, debate, negotiation, deliberation, consultation.

12.presumably (adverb)

Hindi Meaning - सम्भवत:, अनुमानतः
English Meaning - probably, in all likelihood, all things considered; apparently, ostensibly, supposedly, allegedly, evidently, seemingly.

13.fertilizer (noun)

Hindi Meaning - उर्वरक, खाद
English Meaning - Fertilizers are organic or inorganic substances containing chemical elements that improve the growth of plants and the fertility (productiveness) of the soil.

14.considerable (adjective)

Hindi Meaning - काफी, महत्वपूर्ण
English Meaning - substantial, significant, large.

15.Supply chain (noun)

Hindi Meaning - आपूर्ति शृंखला
English Meaning - a dynamic network when a company purchases or uses goods or services from others. It involves people, information, processes, and resources involved in the production, handling, and distribution of materials and finished products or providing a service to the customer.

16.rent (apart) (verb)

English Meaning - tear apart, split, divide, shatter, disunite, break.

17.Working Mechanism for Consultation and Coordination on India-China Border Affairs (WMCC) (noun)

English Meaning - WMCC was established in 2012 as an institutional mechanism for consultation and coordination for management of India-China border areas, as well as to exchange views on strengthening communication and cooperation, including between their border security personnel.

18.Kailash Manasarovar Yatra pilgrimage (noun)

English Meaning - a revered Hindu, Buddhist, Jain, and Bon pilgrimage that takes devotees to Mount Kailash and Lake Mansarovar, located in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.

19.hold (verb)

English Meaning - conduct, convene, organize, have.

20.address (verb)

English Meaning - tackle, deal with, attend to, try to sort out.

21.measure (noun)

English Meaning - action, act, step, course of action, procedure.

22.roll out (phrasal verb)

English Meaning - launch, introduce, initiate, start/begin, establish, get going.

23.Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) (noun)

English Meaning - The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is a permanent intergovernmental international organisation, the creation of which was announced on 15 June 2001 in Shanghai (China). The SCO currently comprises eight Member States (China, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Pakistan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan) and is seen as a counterweight to NATO (The North Atlantic Treaty Organization). It was established as a multilateral association to ensure security and maintain stability across the vast Eurasian region, join forces to counteract emerging challenges and threats, and enhance trade, as well as cultural and humanitarian cooperation.

24.summit (noun)

English Meaning - meeting, conference, conclave (international meeting/conference of heads of state/government).

25.Special Representatives (noun)

English Meaning - top-level diplomats or officials.

26.resolution (noun)

English Meaning - solution, settlement, compromise, answer.

27.mega-dam project (noun)

English Meaning - a mega-dam project on the Brahmaputra River, known as the Yarlung Tsangpo in Tibet is China’s plan to build a mega-hydropower dam.

28.mute (verb)

English Meaning - silence, restrain, muffle, moderate, tone down.

29.rupture (noun)

English Meaning - quarrel, rift, break-up, feud, division, separation, split.

30.prompt (verb)

English Meaning - cause, bring about, induce, trigger, provoke, give rise to.

31.transgress (verb)

English Meaning - breach, break, infract, contravene, offend, violate, go against.

32.led past participle of lead to (verb)

English Meaning - result in, cause, bring on, bring about, give rise to.

33.guarantee (noun)

English Meaning - assurance, promise, covenant, warrant.

34.normalcy (noun)

English Meaning - a normal condition; normality, regularity.

35.restoration (noun)

English Meaning - reinstitution, re-establishment, reinstallation.

36.tranquility (noun)

English Meaning - peacefulness, restfulness, calmness, quietness.

37.troops (noun)

English Meaning - forces; armed forces, soldiers.

38.de-escalation (noun)

English Meaning - reduction, lessening, decrease (the intensity of something).

39.dismantle (verb)

English Meaning - deconstruct, demolish, break up, knock down, fell.

40.infrastructure (noun)

English Meaning - the basic physical or organisational structure or framework that a country or organization needs in order to function properly. For a whole nation, it includes all the physical systems such as buildings, roads & railways networks, utilities, etc.

41.buffer zone (noun)

English Meaning - neutral area, neutral territory.

42.patrol (noun)

English Meaning - vigil, guard, watch, monitoring.

43.patrolling (noun)

English Meaning - watching/guarding an area (over a period of time).

44.revelation (noun)

English Meaning - acknowledgement, acceptance, admission, confession, disclosure, recognition; news, report.

45.People’s Liberation Army (PLA) (noun)

English Meaning - People’s Liberation Army (PLA) is the armed forces of the country of China and the Communist Party of China (CPC). It is one of the largest military forces in the world.

46.lock-step (noun)

English Meaning - a condition or relationship in which a person is in complete agreement with other person.

47.mechanism (noun)

English Meaning - system, procedure, process, method/technique.

48.bilateral (adjective)

English Meaning - involving two groups or countries.

49.sweep something under the carpet (phrase)

English Meaning - to hide or avoid something (particularly a problem/issue) with the intention that others will forget about it eventually; cover up, conceal, camouflage, keep secret

50.transparency (noun)

English Meaning - clarity, straightforwardness, openness, honesty, unambiguity.

51.put something at risk (phrase)

English Meaning - to endanger, jeopardize, imperil something; threaten.