NTA CUET 2022 : Syllabus

Fundamentals of Human Geography

Unit I: Human Geography: Nature and Scope

Unit II: People

• Population of the world – distribution, density and growth;

• Population change-spatial patterns and structure; determinants of population change;

• Age-sex ratio; rural-urban composition;

• Human development – concept; selected indicators, international comparisons.

Unit III: Human Activities

• Primary activities – concept and changing trends; gathering, pastoral, mining, subsistence agriculture, modern agriculture; people engaged in agriculture and allied activities – some examples from selected countries;

• Secondary activities – concept; manufacturing: agro-processing, household, small scale, large scale; people engaged in secondary activities – some examples from selected countries;

• Tertiary activities – concept; trade, transport and communication; services; people engaged in tertiary activities – some examples from selected countries;

• Quaternary activities – concept; knowledge based industries; people engaged in quaternary activities – some examples from selected countries.

Unit IV: Transport, Communication and Trade

• Land transport – roads, railways – rail network; trans-continental railways;

• Water transport- inland waterways; major ocean routes;

• Air transport – Intercontinental air routes;

• Oil and gas pipelines;

• Satellite communication and cyber space;

• International trade – Basis and changing patterns; ports as gateways of international trade, role of WTO in International trade.

Unit V: Human Settlements

• Settlement types – rural and urban; morphology of cities (case study); distribution of megacities; problems of human settlements in developing countries.

India: People and Economy

UnitI: People

• Population: distribution, density and growth; composition of population - linguistic, religious; sex, rural-urban and occupational - regional variations in growth of population ;

• Migration: international, national – causes and consequences;

• Human development – selected indicators and regional patterns;

• Population, environment and development.

Unit II: Human Settlements

• Rural settlements – types and distribution;

• Urban settlements – types, distribution and functional classification.

Unit III: Resources and Development (Periods 30)

• Land resources – general land use; agricultural land use – major crops; agricultural development and problems, common property resources;

• Water resources – availability and utilization – irrigation, domestic, industrial and other uses; scarcity of water and conservation methods – rain water harvesting and watershed management (one case study related with participatory watershed management to be introduced) ;

• Mineral and energy resources – metallic and non-metallic minerals and their distribution; conventional and non-conventional energy sources;

• Industries – types and distribution; industrial location and clustering; changing pattern of selected industries – iron and steel, cotton textiles, sugar, petrochemicals, and knowledge based industries; impact of liberalisation, privatisation and globalisation on industrial location;

• Planning in India – target area planning (case study); idea ofsustainable development (case study).

Unit IV: Transport, Communication and International Trade

• Transport and communication — roads, railways, waterways and airways; oil and gas pipelines; national electric grids; communication networkings – radio, television, satellite and internet;

• International trade — changing pattern of India’s foreign trade; sea ports and their hinterland and airports.

Unit V: Geographical Perspective on Selected Issues and Problems

• Environmental pollution; urban-waste disposal;

• Urbanisation-rural-urban migration; problem of slums;

• Land Degradation.