Logical Reasoning Test - 2

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as follows

Conclusions:

(i) Some B can be C → False (only A are B, nothing else can be B)

(ii) Some D are A → False (Only C are D, nothing else can be D)

Therefore, both conclusions (i) and (ii) follow.

Clearly, health of the citizens is an issue of major concern for the Government. So, a product like drugs, must be first studied and tested in the Indian context before giving licence for its sale. So, only argument I holds strong.

The British East India Company was founded as a joint-stock company in 1600. In 1600, the Company issued a charter allowing English trade with eastern countries such as South Africa (Cape of Good Hope) and also in the west-south straits of Magellan. Their initial foray into India was as traders, but they soon realised that ruling India was more profitable. They dominated and ruled India until 1900. Their sole intention in the first 50 years of the 18th century was to trade in India and profit.

The statement, “All lamps are deers”, can be represented by Venn diagram in the following manner:

The statement “All computers are deers” can be represented as follows:

Now, four Venn Diagrams are possible when both statements are considered simultaneously. 

All lamps may be a part of a computer or vice-versa. The other two scenarios are represented below:

Conclusion 1: “All lamps are computers” is possible, but not necessary as is evident from the above two Venn diagrams. So, conclusion 1 does not follows.

Conclusion 2: “Some computers are lamps” is possible as shown in Venn diagram 1, but not necessary as can be seen in Venn diagram 2. So, conclusion 2 does not follow.  

Neither conclusion 1 nor conclusion 2 follows.

The least possible Venn-diagram is:

So, Only I follows.

The word socialism is added by the 42nd amendment in 1976 in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution.

The constitution has socialist nature in the form of the directive principle of State Policy (DPSP). The Congress party adopted a resolution to establish a socialist pattern of society in its Avadi session in 1955.

However, the Indian brand of socialism is democratic socialism and not communist socialism. So, Statement 1 is correct.

Democratic socialism holds faith in a mixed economy where both the public and private sectors coexist side by side.

Democratic socialism aims to end poverty, ignorance, disease, and inequality of opportunity. Indian socialism is a blend of Marxism and Gandhism leaning heavily towards Gandhian socialism. So, Statement 2 is correct.

The new economic policy of liberalization, privatization, and globalization in 1991 however diluted the socialist credentials of the Indian state to an extent.

The consent under the Indian Contract Act, 1872 is when they agree upon the same thing in the same sense.

Consent under the Indian Contract Act, 1872:

• According to section 13 of the act, "two or more persons are said to be in consent when they agree upon the same thing in the same sense which is also known as Consensus-ad-idem.
• According to Section 14 of the act, Consent is said to be free when it is not caused by coercion or fraud or misrepresentation or undue influence, or mistake.

Given:

For RANGE

R →  1

A → 2

N → 3

G → 4

E → 5

For RANDOM

R → 1

A → 2

N → 3

D → 6

O → 7 

M → 8                

Now MANGO is coded as:

M → 8

A → 2

N → 3

G → 4

O → 7

Thus MANGO is coded as ‘82347’.

Implied agency arises when there is any conduct, the situation of parties, or is necessary for the case. The implied agency includes:

Agency by estoppel: The concept of agency by estoppel arises where one person acts in such a way that the other believes that a third person is authorized to act on his behalf and enters into a transaction with the third person, the person whose act induced him to do so, is liable for that agreement as if the third person acting on his behalf. It is based on principles of natural justice and equity.

Agency by necessity: It is a type of legal relationship in which one party can make essential decisions for another party. The courts recognize agency by necessity during an emergency or urgent situation under which the beneficiary is unable to provide explicit authorization.

Agency by Ratification: A confirmation by the principal of an act or contract performed or entered into on his or her behalf by another, who assumed, without authority, to act as his or her agent.

An agreement enforceable by law is a contract.

A contract is an agreement that is enforceable by law. A promise or a number of promises that are not contradicting and are accepted by the parties involved in an agreement. A contract is an agreement that is accepted by both parties. It gives certain rights to all the parties involved and also bestows on them certain obligations that they must fulfill.