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Syllogism Test - 4

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Syllogism Test - 4
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  • Question 1
    3 / -1

    Directions For Questions

    Direction: In the question below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read the conclusion and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the two given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.

    ...view full instructions


    Statements: No women teacher can play. Some women teachers are athletes.
    Conclusions:
    I. 
    Male athletes can play.
    II. Some athletes can play.

     

    Solution

     

    Since one premise is negative, the conclusion must be negative. So, neither conclusion follows.

     

  • Question 2
    3 / -1

    Directions For Questions

    Direction: In the question below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read the conclusion and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the two given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.

    ...view full instructions


    Statements: All mangoes are golden in colour. No golden-coloured things are cheap.

    Conclusions:
    I. All mangoes are cheap.
    II. Golden-coloured mangoes are not cheap.

     

    Solution

     

    Clearly, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'No mango is cheap'. Since all mangoes are golden in colour, we may substitute 'mangoes' with 'golden-coloured mangoes'. Thus, II follows.

     

  • Question 3
    3 / -1

    Directions For Questions

    Direction: In the question below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read the conclusion and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the two given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.

    ...view full instructions


    Statements: Some doctors are fools. Some fools are rich.
    Conclusions:
    I. 
    Some doctors are rich
    II. Some rich are doctors.

     

    Solution

     

    Since both the premises are particular, no definite conclusion follows.

     

  • Question 4
    3 / -1

    Directions For Questions

    Direction: In the question below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read the conclusion and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the two given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.

    ...view full instructions


    Statements: All roads are waters. Some waters are boats.

    Conclusions:
    I. 
    Some boats are roads.
    II. All waters are boats.

     

    Solution

     

    The first premise is A type and distributes the subject. So, the middle term 'waters' which forms its predicate, is not distributed. The second premise is I type and does not distribute either subject or predicate. So, the middle term 'waters' forming its subject is not distributed. Since the middle term is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite conclusion follows.

     

  • Question 5
    3 / -1

    Directions For Questions

    Direction: In the question below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read the conclusion and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the two given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.

    ...view full instructions


    Statements: All flowers are trees. No fruit is tree.

    Conclusions:
    I. 
    No fruit is flower.
    II. Some trees are flowers.

     

    Solution

     

    As discussed above, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'No flower is fruit'. I is the converse of this conclusion and thus it follows. II is the converse of the first premise and so it also holds.

     

  • Question 6
    3 / -1

    Directions For Questions

    Direction: In the question below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read the conclusion and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the two given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.

    ...view full instructions


    Statements: Every minister is a student. Every student is inexperienced.

    Conclusions:
    I. 
    Every minister is inexperienced.
    II. Some inexperienced are students.

     

    Solution

     

    'Every' is equivalent to 'All'. Thus, since both the premises are universal and affirmative, the conclusion must be universal affirmative and should not contain the middle term. So, I follows. II is the converse of the second premise and thus it also holds.

     

  • Question 7
    3 / -1

    Directions For Questions

    Direction: In the question below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read the conclusion and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the two given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.

    ...view full instructions


    Statements: All fish are tortoise. No tortoise is a crocodile.

    Conclusions:
    I. 
    No crocodile is a fish.
    II. No fish is a crocodile.

     

    Solution

     

    Since both the premises are universal and one premise is negative, the conclusion must be universal negative. Also, the conclusion should not contain the middle term. So, II follows; I is the converse of II and thus it also holds.

     

  • Question 8
    3 / -1

    Directions For Questions

    Direction: In the question below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read the conclusion and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the two given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.

    ...view full instructions


    Statements: No gentleman is poor. All gentlemen are rich.

    Conclusions:
    I. 
    No poor man is rich.
    II. No rich man is poor.

     

    Solution

     

    The first premise is an E-type proposition, So, the middle term 'gentleman' forming the subject is distributed. The second premise is an A-type proposition. So, the middle term 'gentlemen' forming the subject is distributed. Since the middle term is distributed twice, the conclusion cannot be universal. Since one premise is negative, the conclusion must be negative. Thus, it follows that 'Some rich men are not poor'. Thus, neither I nor II follows.

     

  • Question 9
    3 / -1

    Directions For Questions

    Direction: In the question below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read the conclusion and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the two given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.

    ...view full instructions


    Statements: Some swords are sharp. All swords are rusty

    Conclusions: 
    I. Some rusty things are sharp.
    II. Some rusty things are not sharp.

     

    Solution

     

    Since one premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular and should not contain the middle term. So, I follows. Since both the premises are affirmative, the conclusion cannot be negative. Thus, II does not follow.

     

  • Question 10
    3 / -1

    Directions For Questions

    Direction: In the question below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read the conclusion and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the two given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.

    ...view full instructions


    Statements: All fishes are grey in colour. Some fishes are heavy.

    Conclusions:
    I. All heavy fishes are grey in colour.
    II. All light fishes are not grey in colour.

     

    Solution

     

    Since one premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'Some heavy things are grey in colour'. I is a cumulative result of this conclusion and the first premise. Thus, only I holds.

     

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