Life Processes Test - 12

The transport of soluble products of photosynthesis is called translocation, and it occurs in the part of the vascular tissue known as phloem. 

Xylem tissue is used mostly for transporting water from roots to stems and leaves but also transports other dissolved compounds. Phloem is responsible for transporting food produced from photosynthesis from leaves to non-photosynthesizing parts of a plant such as roots and stems. 

Aerobic Respiration:
•  The respiration which uses oxygen is called aerobic respiration.

•  In aerobic respiration, glucose food is completely broken down into carbon dioxide and water by oxidation.

•  Aerobic respiration produces a considerable amount of energy for use by the organism which gets stored in the ATP molecules.
Anaerobic Respiration:

• Anaerobic respiration transfers energy from glucose to cells.

• It occurs when oxygen is not present.

• It transfers large amounts of energy quickly.

All the parts of a plant (like root, stem and leaves) perform respiration individually. 

Net gas exchange in leaves at night is: O₂ diffuses in; CO₂ diffuses out.

The loss of water in the form of vapour from the aerial parts of the plant is known as transpiration. Thus, transpiration helps in the absorption and upward movement of water and minerals dissolved in it from roots to the leaves. It also helps in temperature regulation.

Water is essential for plants for the following reasons:

1. Water is a major constituent of the protoplasm responsible for its physical and chemical properties.

2. It serves as a solvent for most of the chemical substances found in the cell.

3. All biochemical reactions take place in water.

4. It provides a medium for the entry and exit of dissolved substances.

5. It maintains optimum temperature and pH required for enzymatic reactions in the cell.

Therefore, all the given options are correct.