Life Processes Test

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Life Processes Test - 26

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

What are the important characteristics of the respiratory surface for efficient exchange of gases?

A
It should be moist.

B
It should be thin walled.

C
It should be richly supplied with O₂ source may be air or water.

D
All of the above

Solution

Important characteristics of the respiratory surface for efficient exchange of gases are as follow:
Large surface area - many alveoli are present in the lungs with a shape that further increases surface area.
Thin walls - alveolar walls are one cell thick providing gases with a short diffusion distance.
Moist walls - gases dissolve in the moisture helping them to pass across the gas exchange surface.
Permeable walls - allow gases to pass through.
Extensive blood supply - ensuring oxygen-rich blood is taken away from the lungs and carbon dioxide rich blood is taken to the lungs.
A large diffusion gradient - breathing ensures that the oxygen concentration in the alveoli is higher than in the capillaries so oxygen moves from the alveoli to the blood. Carbon dioxide diffuses in the opposite direction.
Hence, the correct option is (D).
Question 2
1 / -0

Energy released by the breakdown of 1 molecule of ATP into ADP is _________.

A
20.6 KJ

B
25.8 KJ

C
28.4 KJ

D
30.5 KJ

Solution

Hydrolysis of 1 mole of ATP into ADP releases 30.5 kilojoules or 7.5 kilocalories of energy. This energy is liberated because of the cleavage of high energy phosphate bond in ATP converting it into ADP. Initially, to initiate the cleavage of this bond, activation energy is required. But this activation energy is considerably less in magnitude than the energy released when a high energy phosphate bond is cleaved. Thus, hydrolysis of 1 mole of ATP releases more than 30.5 kJ of energy.
Hence, the correct option is (D).
Question 3
1 / -0

Lungs have a large number of narrow tubes called __________.

A
Alveoli

B
Bronchioles

C
Bronchi

D
Alveolar ducts

Solution

Lungs have a large number of narrow tubes called bronchioles.
The function of the bronchioles is to ensure that incoming air is supplied to each alveolus. The alveoli are surrounded by tiny blood vessels called capillaries. It is through the thin capillary walls that oxygen enters the blood, and carbon dioxide and water leave the blood.
Hence, the correct option is (B).
Question 4
1 / -0

Anaerobic respiration of yeast produces _________.

A
nitrogen

B
water

C
oxygen

D
carbon dioxide

Solution

Anaerobic respiration is economically important – many of our foods are produced by microorganisms respiring anaerobically. Yeast is used to making alcoholic drinks. When yeast cells are reproducing rapidly during beer or wine production, the oxygen runs out. The yeast switches to anaerobic respiration. Ethanol and carbon dioxide are produced.
Yeast can also be used to produce bread. Yeast respires using sugar added to the dough. Bubbles of carbon dioxide make the bread rise. The alcohol that’s produced evaporates as the bread is baked.
Hence, the correct option is (D).
Question 5
1 / -0

How many molecules of pyruvate are produced from breakdown of 1 molecule of glucose?

A
1

B
2

C
3

D
4

Solution

In this process, one molecule of glucose is converted into two molecules of pyruvate (or pyruvic acid ), which generates energy in the form of two ATP molecules (two net molecules).
Hence, the correct option is (B).
Question 6
1 / -0

Where is the respiratory pigment present in blood?

A
Haemoglobin

B
Platelets

C
Lymphocytes

D
Monocytes

Solution

A respiratory pigment is a molecule, such as haemoglobin in humans and other vertebrates, that increases the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. The four most common invertebrate respiratory pigments are hemoglobin, hemocyanin, hemerythrin, and chlorocruorin. Hemoglobin is bright red when oxygenated, and dark red (purplish) when deoxygenated, oxygenated hemocyanin is blue in colour, deoxygenated it is almost colourless.
Hence, the correct option is (A).
Question 7
1 / -0

During inspiration, air passes into lungs due to __________.

A
increase in volume of chest cavity and fall in lung pressure

B
fall in pressure inside the lungs

C
increased volume of chest cavity

D
muscular expansion of lungs

Solution

During inspiration, air passes into the lung due to an increase in the volume of the thoracic cavity and a fall in lung pressure.
Inspiration can occur if the pressure within the lungs that is intrapulmonary pressure is less than atmospheric pressure so it creates a pressure gradient.
An increase in the thoracic cavity causes an increase in pulmonary volume which further decreases intrapulmonary pressure than atmospheric pressure which forces air from outside to move into the lungs.
Hence, the correct option is (A).
Question 8
1 / -0

The most common respiratory substrate is _________.

A
lipid

B
carbohydrate

C
protein

D
fat

Solution

The various organic substances such as carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are respired completely to carbon dioxide and water are called respiratory substrates. Under natural conditions, only carbohydrates are used. Glucose is the simplest monosaccharide hexose molecule acts as the chief respiratory substrate.
Hence, the correct option is (B).

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Life Processes Test - 26

Result

Life Processes Test - 26

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

It should be moist.

It should be thin walled.

It should be richly supplied with O2 source may be air or water.

All of the above

Solution

Question 2

20.6 KJ

25.8 KJ

28.4 KJ

30.5 KJ

Solution

Question 3

Alveoli

Bronchioles

Bronchi

Alveolar ducts

Solution

Question 4

nitrogen

water

oxygen

carbon dioxide

Solution

Question 5

1

2

3

4

Solution

Question 6

Haemoglobin

Platelets

Lymphocytes

Monocytes

Solution

Question 7

increase in volume of chest cavity and fall in lung pressure

fall in pressure inside the lungs

increased volume of chest cavity

muscular expansion of lungs

Solution

Question 8

lipid

carbohydrate

protein

fat

Solution

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It should be richly supplied with O₂ source may be air or water.