Life Processes Test

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Life Processes Test - 87

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

In the lungs, a high number of alveoli means:

A
Less area for inspired air

B
More area for diffusion

C
Increased sponginess

D
Increased nerve supply

Solution

The structural organization of the lung is meant to maximize its surface area to increase gas diffusion. Due to the enormous number of alveoli (approximately 300 million in each human lung), the surface area of the lung is very large (75 m$$^{2}$$). The large surface area increases the amount of diffusion.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 2
1 / -0

It is necessary to separate oxygenated blood from the deoxygenated blood in mammals:

A
To maintain the body temperature

B
To provide more oxygen to cells

C
Both A and B

D
To maintain body balance
Solution
- In birds and mammals, it is essential to keep the oxygenated blood separated from the deoxygenated blood.
- Birds and mammals are warm-blooded animals. Their energy requirement is high as they need the energy to maintain constant body temperature.
- By keeping them separate, only oxygenated blood is sent out to the body's tissues for far more efficient diffusion into the cells of the body, giving them more 'fuel' to run cellular respiration in the mitochondria, to make ATP molecules run the reactions that allow them to maintain body temperature in addition to running all of their metabolic reactions of the body.
- If they were not separated, it would probably take much longer to perform simple activities and metabolism would be reduced as a consequence.
- So, the correct answer is option C.

Question 3

1 / -0

Match the columns.

	List 1		List 2
A.	Capillaries	1.	Carries digested fat
B.	Lymph	2.	Oxygenated blood
C.	Left ventricle	3.	Deoxygenated blood
D.	Pulmonary artery	4.	RBC
E.	Haemoglobin	5.	Exchange of materials
F.	Birds	6.	Three-chambered heart
G.	Fish	7.	Four-chambered heart
H.	Amphibians	8.	Two-chambered heart

H- 7, G- 8, F- 6, E- 5, D- 3, C- 4, B- 1, A- 2

H- 6, G- 8, F- 7, E- 5, D- 3, C- 4, B- 1, A- 2

H- 6, G- 8, F- 7, E- 4, D- 3, C- 2, B- 1, A- 5

H- 6, G- 8, F- 7, E- 4, D- 2, C- 2, B- 1, A- 5

Solution

H) Amphibians have three-chambered hearts and tolerate some mixing of the oxygenated and de-oxygenated blood streams.

G) Fish have only two chambers in their hearts and the blood pumped to the gills is oxygenated there and it passes directly to the rest of the body.

F) The separation of the right side and the left side of the heart is useful to keep oxygenated and de-oxygenated blood from mixing. Such separation allows a highly efficient supply of oxygen to the body. This is useful in animals that have high energy needs, such as birds and mammals, which constantly use energy to maintain their body temperature.

E) The respiratory pigment haemoglobin has a very high affinity for oxygen. This pigment is present in the red blood corpuscles (RBCs).

D) The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.

C) The oxygenated blood from the lungs enters the left atrium first.

B) The lymph carries digested and absorbed fat from intestine and drains excess fluid from extracellular space back into the blood.

A) Exchange of materials between blood and the surrounding cells takes place across the thin walls of the capillaries.

Hence, the correct answer is option C.

Question 4
1 / -0

Main function of kidney is:

A
Passive absorption

B
Ultrafiltration

C
Selective reabsorption

D
All of the above
Solution
Ultrafiltration, selective reabsorption, and passive absorption all occur in the kidneys during the process of urine formation.
Ultrafiltration means the diffusion of blood, including plasma to the nephron to be filtered. Red blood cells and plasma proteins cannot pass through the ultrafiltration membrane because their size is too big.
Reabsorption includes active and passive transport. Water is absorbed by osmosis or via aquaporin. Ions (e.g.: Na+) are reabsorbed by active transport while glucose, amino acids, and small hydrophobic molecules can be reabsorbed by diffusion or facilitated diffusion. The process of reabsorption occurs in the renal tubule.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 5
1 / -0

The excretory system of human beings includes a pair of ............, a pair of ........... a ........... and a .......... which helps in the removal of metabolic wastes from the human body.

A
Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

B
Urethra, ureters, urinary bladder, kidneys

C
Kidneys, urethra, ureters, urinary bladder

D
Kidneys, urinary bladder, ureters, urethra
Solution
- A pair of human kidneys are the major organs for excretion.
- They are bean-shaped organs located on either side of the backbone at about the level of the stomach and liver.
- Paired tubes called ureters carry waste products from the kidneys to the urinary bladder for storage till micturition.
- During micturition, urine is excreted through the urethra.
So, the correct answer is option A.
Question 6
1 / -0

An artificial kidney contains a number of tubes with a ________ lining, suspended in the tank filled with dialysing fluid.

A
Permeable

B
Semi-permeable

C
Impermeable

D
Non-permeable
Solution
- Artificial kidneys contain several tubes.
- Each tube contains a semi-permeable lining that remains suspended in a tank filled with a dialyzing fluid having the same osmotic pressure as blood.
- The patient's blood is passed through these tubes.
- Only selective products such as waste products (urea) pass through the semi-permeable membrane from the blood to the dialysing fluid.
- The purified blood is sent back into the patient's body.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 7
1 / -0

A student poured alcohol on a plant continuously for a long time. Why can the plant not prepare its own food?

A
Alcohol absorbed all the food prepared by the plant.

B
Alcohol does not let the plant to absorb carbon dioxide from the air.

C
Alcohol dissolved all the minerals present in the plant.

D
Alcohol dissolved chlorophyll present in the plant.
Question 8
1 / -0

The $$.............$$ checks the entry of food into the respiratory tract.

A
Glottis

B
Tounge

C
Epiglottis

D
Pharynx
Solution
- The epiglottis is an elastic cartilage covered with a mucous membrane located at the entrance of the larynx and the base of the tongue. It is shaped like a leaf and guards the entrance of the glottis (the opening between the vocal cords).
- When we swallow food, the epiglottis folds over the glottis to stop liquid and food from entering the trachea. Thus, food goes right to the esophagus so that one would not get choked.
- So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 9
1 / -0

Which life process is classified as autotrophic in some organisms and heterotrophic in others?

A
Hormonal regulation

B
Nutrition

C
Anaerobic respiration

D
Transport

Solution

Nutrition is classified as autotrophic and heterotrophic. Autotrophic organisms can synthesise their own food (e.g., green plants, blue-green algae and some bacteria). While some organisms exhibit a heterotrophic mode of nutrition as they are unable to synthesise their own food. They may be parasitic, saprozoic (animal) or saprophytic (plant) and symbiotic (many bacteria, fungi, algae).
Question 10
1 / -0

In humans, kidneys which help in the filtration of blood, are located in the ______ region, one on either side of the ______.

A
Thoracic cage, lungs

B
Thoracic cage, heart

C
Backbone, abdomen

D
Abdomen, backbone

Solution

The kidneys in the human body are the main excretory organs responsible for filtering out nitrogenous wastes from the blood. The bean-shaped organs are found in pairs in the abdomen, one on either side of the backbone near the waist.
So, the correct answer is option D.

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Life Processes Test - 87

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Life Processes Test - 87

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Less area for inspired air

More area for diffusion

Increased sponginess

Increased nerve supply

Solution

Question 2

To maintain the body temperature

To provide more oxygen to cells

Both A and B

To maintain body balance

Solution

Question 3

H- 7, G- 8, F- 6, E- 5, D- 3, C- 4, B- 1, A- 2

H- 6, G- 8, F- 7, E- 5, D- 3, C- 4, B- 1, A- 2

H- 6, G- 8, F- 7, E- 4, D- 3, C- 2, B- 1, A- 5

H- 6, G- 8, F- 7, E- 4, D- 2, C- 2, B- 1, A- 5

Solution

Question 4

Passive absorption

Ultrafiltration

Selective reabsorption

All of the above

Solution

Question 5

Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

Urethra, ureters, urinary bladder, kidneys

Kidneys, urethra, ureters, urinary bladder

Kidneys, urinary bladder, ureters, urethra

Solution

Question 6

Permeable

Semi-permeable

Impermeable

Non-permeable

Solution

Question 7

Alcohol absorbed all the food prepared by the plant.

Alcohol does not let the plant to absorb carbon dioxide from the air.

Alcohol dissolved all the minerals present in the plant.

Alcohol dissolved chlorophyll present in the plant.

Question 8

Glottis

Tounge

Epiglottis

Pharynx

Solution

Question 9

Hormonal regulation

Nutrition

Anaerobic respiration

Transport

Solution

Question 10

Thoracic cage, lungs

Thoracic cage, heart

Backbone, abdomen

Abdomen, backbone

Solution

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