Federalism Test - 11

 Union List includes subjects of national importance such as defence of the country, foreign affairs, banking, communications and currency. They are included in this list because we need a uniform policy on these matters throughout the country. The Union Government alone can make laws relating to the subjects mentioned in the Union List. 

 Concurrent List includes subjects of common interest to both the Union Government as well as the State Governments, such as education, forest, trade unions, marriage, adoption and succession. Both the Union as well as the State Governments can make laws on the subjects mentioned in this list.

Special Note- "Trade" is in state list . whereas " trade and commerce" is in concurrent list. so here reading question becomes important. 

• After independence, the first state organised on the basis of language is Andhra Pradesh.
• First linguistic division of state happened in 1953 due to the fast unto death by Potti Sriramulu.

• 'Coming together' federation is nothing but independent states coming together on their own to form a bigger state or country.
• Independent states pool their sovereignty but retain their independent status.
• Dual citizenship is given to citizens of the state.
• Switzerland, USA and Australia are examples of this type of federation.
  

Federalism is a system of government in which the power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country.  Usually, a federation has two levels of government. One is the government for the entire country that is usually responsible for a few subjects of common national interest. The others are governments at the level of provinces or states that look after much of the day-to-day administering of their state. 

Khasi is a non-scheduled language in which the government has few resources to contribute towards any project on the language. Khasi is yet to find space in the Constitution’s Eighth Schedule, which means that it has not been recognised as an official language in the country. The Indian constitution does not specify the official languages to be used by the states for the conduct of their official functions and leaves each state free to, through its legislature to adopt Hindi or any language used in its territory as its official language or languages.

The word Unitary is self-explanatory, which implies a single central powerful government. In a unitary state, all the powers are concentrated with the central government. It alone legislates for the entire state. The Local governments can make rules under powers specifically delegated to them by the central government.