Respiration in Plants Test - 6

Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products.

Tricarboxylic acid cycle and citric acid cycle are two synonyms as both represent same cycle occurring during respiration process.

Each glucose (hexose) during complete oxidation or aerobic respiration produce net 36 ATP molecules, which is produced in form of NADPH and FADH. Each NADPH produce 3 ATP and FADH two ATP molecules.

Kreb’s cycle is both catabolic and anabolic because it provides a number of intermediates which are product of catabolism as well as anabolism.

Lactic acid is produced in muscle during insufficient oxygen in muscle cells. Lactic acid produced in muscle is sent to regenerate glucose during rest in presence of sufficient oxygen.

During anaerobic respiration, incomplete oxidation of glucose takes place but during aerobic respiration complete oxidation of glucose occurs in which less energy is produced.

Fermentation is a kind of anaerobic respiration in absence of oxygen to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide gas. Dough kept overnight in warm place becomes soft and spongy due to carbon dioxide gas released during fermentation.

Anaerobic respiration in man occurs in muscle cells during sudden activity in cells to form lactic acid. In yeast anaerobic respiration occurs in absence of oxygen to form ethanol.

Acetyl CoA combine with oxalo-acetate in presence of enzyme citrate synthetase to form 6-C compound called citric acid during Kreb’s cycle.

Two molecule of pyruvate is produced during Glycolysis from one molecule of glucose. When these molecules of pyruvate completely degraded in Kreb’s cycle it forms 2 ATP, 8NADH₂ and 2FADH₂ molecules.