Respiration in Plants Test

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Respiration in Plants Test - 92

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Question 1
1 / -0

Which of the following describes the significance of fermentation?
(i) Production of alcohol in the brewing industry
(ii) Making of dough in the baking industry
(iii) Curing of tea and tobacco
(iv) Production of vinegar by acetic acid bacteria

A
(i),(ii) and (iii)

B
(i),(ii) and (iv)

C
(i),(iii) and (iv)

D
(i),(ii),(iii) and (iv)

Solution

Alcoholic fermentation is used in the brewing industry for the production of various types of beer, whiskey and other wines.
Carbon dioxide of alcoholic fermentation is used in the baking industry for making the bread spongy.
Tea and tobacco leaves are curved (or removed of their bitterness) and provided with a fine flavor through fermentation. Vinegar is obtained by the fermentation activity of acetic acid bacteria.
So the correct answer is '(i),(ii),(iii) and (iv)'.
Question 2
1 / -0

Phosphorylation of glucose during glycolysis is catalysed by

A
Phosphoglucomutase

B
Phosphoglucoisomerase

C
Hexokinase

D
Phosphorylase

Solution

In the process of glycolysis, the first step involves the phosphorylation of glucose/fructose which results in the formation of Glucose-6-phosphate. The reaction is catalyzed by the help of enzyme hexokinase in the presence of Mg$$^+$$$$^2$$ ion. The reaction is:
Glucose(6C) + ATP $$\rightarrow$$ Glucose-6-phosphate + ADP .
So, the correct answer to the question is 'Hexokinase'.
Question 3
1 / -0

Which of the following is incorrectly matched?

A
Protein $$\rightarrow$$ Degraded by Proteases

B
Fats $$\rightarrow$$ Fatty acid + Glycerol

C
Krebs cycle $$\rightarrow$$ Carboxylation

D
Respiration Pathway $$\rightarrow$$ Amphibolic Pathway
Solution
A.Correct option -C
B.Explanation for the correct option:
- Krebs cycle is the major pathway for the synthesis of coenzyme and controlled release of energy during respiration.
- Krebs cycle involves two decarboxylation reactions during the conversion of isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate and alpha-ketoglutarate to succinate.
C.Explanation for incorrect options:
Option A: Proteolytic degradation involves the hydrolysis of one or more peptide bonds in a protein by the action of proteases.
Option B: Fats are broken down to produce fatty acids and glycerol.
Option D: Respiratory pathway is an amphibolic pathway as it involves both anabolism and catabolism.
Question 4
1 / -0

Substrate level phosphorylation in TCA occurs when

A
Succinic acid changes to fumaric acid

B
Fumaric acid changes to malic acid

C
Succinyl CoA changes to succinic acid

D
Oxalosuccinic acid changes to $$\alpha-$$ketoglutaric acid

Solution

In the succinyl CoA synthetase reaction, the thioester bond between HS-CoA and the succinyl group is hydrolyzed and energy is generated, which is enough for synthesizing GTP from GDP+(P). GTP can transfer the phosphate group to ADP for ATP formation. Since ATP is generated in this reaction, without any involvement of the respiratory chain, this reaction is called substrate level phosphorylation.
So, the correct option is 'Succinyl CoA changes to succinic acid'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Decarboxylation in glycolysis occurs at which step

A
Glicose 6P to Fructose 6P

B
Splitting of fructose 1,6 bis P

C
Isomerisation of 3 phospho glycerate to 2- phospho glycerate

D
No where
Question 6
1 / -0

Which of the following is the first stable product of photosynthesis in maize?

A
PGA

B
PGAL

C
PEPA

D
OAA

Solution

The photosynthetic processes of C$$_{4}$$ plants are divided between mesophyll and bundle sheath cells. C-4 begins with phosphoenolpyruvate, a 3-C chemical that is converted into oxaloacetic acid ( 4-C chemical) when carbon dioxide is combined with PEP. The OAA is converted to Malic Acid and then transported from the mesophyll cell into the bundle-sheath cell.
So, the correct option is 'OAA'.
Question 7
1 / -0

In alcohol fermentation

A
Triose phosphate is the electron donor while acetaldehyde is the electron acceptor

B
Triose phosphate is the electron donor while pyruvic acid is the electron acceptor

C
There is no electron donor

D
Oxygen is the electron acceptor
Solution
Correct Answer: A

Explanation:
- In alcoholic fermentation, the pyruvic acid is produced through glycolysis which leads to oxidative decarboxylation, wherein after that the pyruvic acid is then converted into acetaldehyde.
- During fermentation, the glucose undergoes glycolysis and yields pyruvic acid, which is then transformed into acetyl CoA.
- Then glyceraldehyde phosphate i.e. triose phosphate is produced, which is then transformed into acetaldehyde and this acetaldehyde is transformed into ethanol.
- So, triose phosphate is an electron donor.
- The acetaldehyde accepts the electrons and then is reduced to form alcohol or ethanol.
- There is no external electron acceptor involved as in the case of aerobic respiration.
so, the correct answer is 'triose phosphate is the electron donor while the acetaldehyde is the electron acceptor'.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which of the following are isomers?

A
$$3$$PGA and $$2$$PGA

B
PGAL and DHAP

C
Glucose and Fructose

D
All of these

Solution

Isomers are two molecules with the same molecular formula but differ structurally. Therefore, isomers contain the same number of atoms for each element, but the atomic arrangement differs. 3PGA and 2PGA, PGAL and DHAP, Glucose and Fructose are isomers.
In.3PGA undergoes intramolecular rearrangement by in which phosphate group is shifted from 3rd position to 2nd position to from 2PGA.
Glucose and fructose are functional isomers. An alcoholic group is common to both glucose and fructose.
Glucose is broken down into 2 molecules of PGAL that are isomers of each other - Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and Glyceraldehyde.
So the correct answer is 'All of these'.
Question 9
1 / -0

The end products of fermentation are

A
$$O_2$$ and ethyl alcohol

B
$$O_2$$ and acetaldehyde

C
$$CO_2$$ and ethyl alcohol

D
$$CO_2$$ and acetaldehyde

Solution

Fermentation is the process of partial breakdown of glucose into ethyl alcohol or lactate. It is an anaerobic process. Fermentation takes place through the two types - lactic acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation.
Name of process End products
Lactic acid fermentation Lactate
Alcohol fermentation
Ethyl alcohol + CO₂
So, the correct answer is ' CO₂and ethyl alcohol '
.
Question 10
1 / -0

In mitochondria during aerobic respiration how many times oxidative decarboxylation takes place from one molecule of acetyl CoA?

A
1

B
3

C
2

D
4
Solution
During aerobic respiration, when acetyl-CoA enters the Krebs cycle inside the mitochondrial matrix, it is oxidized to CO$$_{2}$$ while at the same time reducing NAD to NADH.
Kreb's cycle:
Isocitric is oxidized by NAD+, at the same time the NAD+ is reduced from NADH. CO$$_{2}$$ is released forming alpha-ketoglutarate.
CoA oxidizes alpha-ketoglutarate to produce Succinyl CoA, NAD+ is reduced to form NADH, CO$$_{2}$$ is released again.
So, the correct option is '3'.

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Name of process	End products
Lactic acid fermentation	Lactate
Alcohol fermentation	Ethyl alcohol + CO₂

Respiration in Plants Test - 92

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Respiration in Plants Test - 92

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Question 1

(i),(ii) and (iii)

(i),(ii) and (iv)

(i),(iii) and (iv)

(i),(ii),(iii) and (iv)

Solution

Question 2

Phosphoglucomutase

Phosphoglucoisomerase

Hexokinase

Phosphorylase

Solution

Question 3

Protein $$\rightarrow$$ Degraded by Proteases

Fats $$\rightarrow$$ Fatty acid + Glycerol

Krebs cycle $$\rightarrow$$ Carboxylation

Respiration Pathway $$\rightarrow$$ Amphibolic Pathway

Solution

Question 4

Succinic acid changes to fumaric acid

Fumaric acid changes to malic acid

Succinyl CoA changes to succinic acid

Oxalosuccinic acid changes to $$\alpha-$$ketoglutaric acid

Solution

Question 5

Glicose 6P to Fructose 6P

Splitting of fructose 1,6 bis P

Isomerisation of 3 phospho glycerate to 2- phospho glycerate

No where

Question 6

PGA

PGAL

PEPA

OAA

Solution

Question 7

Triose phosphate is the electron donor while acetaldehyde is the electron acceptor

Triose phosphate is the electron donor while pyruvic acid is the electron acceptor

There is no electron donor

Oxygen is the electron acceptor

Solution

Question 8

$$3$$PGA and $$2$$PGA

PGAL and DHAP

Glucose and Fructose

All of these

Solution

Question 9

$$O_2$$ and ethyl alcohol

$$O_2$$ and acetaldehyde

$$CO_2$$ and ethyl alcohol

$$CO_2$$ and acetaldehyde

Solution

Question 10

1

3

2

4

Solution

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