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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 33

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 33
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Respiratory movements are controlled by _________.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Mammalian lungs have numerous alveoli for.
    Solution
    • The number of alveoli in the human lungs has been estimated to be approximately 300 million.
    • This enormous number of alveoli are meant to increase surface area of lungs for diffusion of gases. Hence, Option D is correct.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Residual air mostly occurs in.
    Solution
    The residual volume (RV) is the amount of air that is left in the alveoli of the lungs, after expiratory reserve volume is exhaled. The lungs are never left completely empty, there is always some air left in the lungs after a maximal exhalation. If this residual volume did not exist and the lungs emptied completely, the lung tissues would stick together. Hence, Option A is correct.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Inspiratory centre is located in _________.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    $$CO_2$$ is carried in blood as _______.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    In mammals, voice is produced by _________.
    Solution
    • In most mammals, sound production occurs in the vocal folds within the larynx.
    • The larynx, or voice box, is located in the neck above your windpipe (trachea).
    • Within the larynx there are two folds of elastic tissue are present along the sides and are called vocal cords.
    • The vocal cords vibrate as the air expelled from the lungs passes between them and produce sound.

    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Lungs have a large number of alveoli for __________________ .
    Solution
    B. More surface area for diffusion of gases.
    Solution: The structure of the alveoli maximizes their surface area to increase gas diffusion. Alveoli are tiny sacs at the end of bronchioles,  they are so tiny yet abundant that help increasing their surface area to volume ratio. Breathing ensures that the oxygen concentration in the alveoli is higher than in the capillaries so oxygen moves from the alveoli to the blood. The exchange of gases occurs between the alveoli and blood in the capillaries that supply the lungs.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Dissociation curve shifts to the right when ______________.
    Solution
    The oxygen–hemoglobin dissociation curve, also called the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve or oxygen dissociation curve (ODC), is a curve that plots the proportion of hemoglobin in its saturated (oxygen-laden) form on the vertical axis against the prevailing oxygen tension on the horizontal axis.
    The shift of the oxygen dissociation curve to the right occurs in response to an increase in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide ($$pCO_2$$), a decrease in pH, or both.
    So, the correct option is C.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Match the columns.
    Column IColumn II
    aLarynxpLid of larynx
    bTracheaqAir sacs
    cAlveolirVoice box
    dEpiglottissWind pipe
    tCommon passage
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Maximum amount (about $$70-75\%$$) of carbon dioxide transport occurs as
    Solution
    About 70% of carbon dioxide molecules that are dissolved in blood is transported to lungs as bicarbonates. Carbon dioxide diffuses into capillaries and then to bloodstream and bicarbonate is produced in erythrocytes. Enzyme carbonic anhydrase causes carbon dioxide and water to form carbonic acid which dissociates into bicarbonate and hydrogen ion.
    So the correct option is C.

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