Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 47

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 47

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

When temperature decreases, oxy-Hb curve becomes

A
more steep

B
straight

C
parabola

D
none of these.

Solution

When temperature decreases, oxy-Hb curve will become more steep. The steep rise of the curve indicates high affinity of Hb for $$O_{2}$$.
Question 2
1 / -0

The enzyme that increases the reaction rate between $$CO_{2}$$ and $$H_{2}O$$ in red blood cells is

A
Carbonic anhydrase

B
Adenylate cyclase

C
Carbonic synthetase

D
Alkaline phosphatase

Solution

About 70% of $$CO_{2}$$ is transported in plasma in the form of bicarbonates. $$CO_{2}$$ diffuses into RBCs, combines with water and forms carbonic acid. Carbonic acid being unstable quickly dissociates into bicarbonate ions and hydrogen ions. This reaction is thousand times faster in RBCs as compared to plasma, as RBCs contain carbonic anhydrase enzyme that reversibly catalyses the conversion of $$CO_{2}$$ and water to carbonic acid. So, the correct answer is 'Carbonic anhydrase'.
Question 3
1 / -0

Which of the following is true for $$CO_{2}$$ concentration?

A
More, in alveolar air than in expired air

B
More in expired air than in alveolar air

C
More in inspired air than in alveolar air

D
More in inspired air than in expired air.

Solution

Concentration or partial pressure of $$CO_{2}$$ (P $$CO_{2}$$) is 40 mm Hg in alveolar air and 32 mm Hg in expired air.

Question 4

1 / -0

Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below.

Column I	Column II
A. Tracheoles	(i) Yeast
B. Carbonic anhydrase	(ii) Fish
C. Lactic acid	(iii) Inspiration
D. Fermentation	(iv) Vital capacity
E. Gill filaments	(v) Fast muscle
F. Cutaneous respiration	(vi) insect
G. Diaphragm	(vii) Bicarbonates
	(vii) Earthworm

A-(vi), B-(vii), C-(v), D-(i), E-(ii), F-(viii), G-(iii)

A-(viii), B-(iv), C-(vii), D-(i), E-(iii), F-(ii), G-(v)

A-(vi), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(v), E-(iv), F-(viii), G-(iii).

A-(viii), B-(vii), C-(i), D-(iv), E-(ii), F-(vi), G-(v)

Solution

A. Tracheoles - (vi) insect

B. Carbonic anhydrase - (vii) Bicarbonates

C. Lactic acid - (v) Fast muscle

D. Fermentation - (i) Yeast

E. Gill filaments - (ii) Fish

F. Cutaneous respiration - (viii) Earthworm

G. Diaphragm - (iii) Inspiration

So, the correct answer is 'A-(vi), B-(vii), C-(v), D-(i), E-(ii), F-(viii), G-(iii)'.

Question 5
1 / -0

The Oxygen dissociation curve is

A
Parabola

B
Slope

C
Sigmoid

D
Straight line
Solution
Correct option: C

Explanation:
- The oxygen dissociation curve represents oxygen partial pressure along the X-axis and oxygen saturation on the y axis, which is S-shaped or sigmoid curve due to cooperative binding
- Thus, Option C is correct.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which of the following is incorrect about the given graph?

A
The curve, is called oxygen dissociation curve.

B
The part 'A' represents percentage saturation of haemoglobin with oxygen.

C
The part 'B' represents partial pressure of carbon dioxide.

D
This curve is highly useful in studying the effect of factors like $$PCO_{2}$$, H+ concentration, etc. on binding of $$CO_{2}$$ with haemoglobin.

Solution

The given graph represents the oxygen dissociation curve. In this, the A-axis represents the percentage saturation of haemoglobin with oxygen. The B-axis represents partial pressure of Oxygen. This curve is highly useful in studying the effect of factors like $$pCO_2$$, $$H^+$$ concentration, etc. on the binding of CO2 with haemoglobin.
So, the correct option is (C).
Question 7
1 / -0

A large proportion of oxygen remains unused in the human blood even after its uptake by the body tissues. This $$O_{2}$$

A
acts as a reserve during muscular exercise

B
raises the $$PCO_{2}$$ of blood to 75 mm of Hg

C
is enough to keep oxyhaemoglobin saturation at 96%

D
helps in releasing more $$O_{2}$$ to the epithelial tissues.

Solution

Out tissues usually take up approximately 25% of the oxygen in the tissue and the rest 75% remains unused in the blood. This remaining O2 acts as a reserve during muscular exercise.
So, the correct answer is 'acts as a reserve during muscular exercise'.
Question 8
1 / -0

Chemosensitive area of respiratory centre in medulla is affected by

A
Less $$CO_{2}$$ and H+ ions

B
Less $$O_{2}$$ and H+ ions

C
Excess $$CO_{2}$$ and H+ ions

D
Excess $$O_{2}$$ and H+ ions

Solution

Respiratory rhythm centre is a specialised centre present in the medulla of the brain which is primarily responsible for the regulation of respiration. A chemosensitive area situated adjacent to the rhythm centre is highly sensitive to changes in $$CO_{2}$$ and hydrogen ion concentrations in blood. Increase in $$CO_{2}$$ and H+ ions stimulate this centre, which in turn stimulate the rhythm centre to make necessary adjustments in the respiratory process by which these substances can be eliminated.
So, the correct answer is 'Excess CO$$_2$$ and H$$^+$$ ions'.
Question 9
1 / -0

Carbon monoxide can kill a person because of it's extremely high affinity for

A
haemoglobin

B
phytochrome

C
cytochrome

D
none of these.

Solution

Carbon monoxide combines with Hb far more readily than $$O_{2}$$ (CO has about 200 times greater affinity for Hb as compared to $$O_{2}$$), forming a relatively stable compound carboxyhaemoglobin. This causes low supply of $$O_{2}$$ to the body cells leading to headache, nausea, dizziness, paralysis and even death.
Question 10
1 / -0

Statement1: Rate of breathing is regulated by respiratory centres present in the medulla oblongata.
Statement 2 : Changes in the $$CO_{2}$$ level of the arterial blood control the rate of breathing.

A
Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.

B
Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.

C
Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.

D
Both statements 1 and 2 a re incorrect.

Solution

Rate of breathing is mainly controlled by $$CO_{2}$$ level in the blood. Excess $$CO_{2}$$ mainly stimulate the respiratory centre of the brain and increase the inspiratory and expiratory signals to the respiratory muscles.

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 47

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Question 1

more steep

straight

parabola

none of these.

Solution

Question 2

Carbonic anhydrase

Adenylate cyclase

Carbonic synthetase

Alkaline phosphatase

Solution

Question 3

More, in alveolar air than in expired air

More in expired air than in alveolar air

More in inspired air than in alveolar air

More in inspired air than in expired air.

Solution

Question 4

A-(vi), B-(vii), C-(v), D-(i), E-(ii), F-(viii), G-(iii)

A-(viii), B-(iv), C-(vii), D-(i), E-(iii), F-(ii), G-(v)

A-(vi), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(v), E-(iv), F-(viii), G-(iii).

A-(viii), B-(vii), C-(i), D-(iv), E-(ii), F-(vi), G-(v)

Solution

Question 5

Parabola

Slope

Sigmoid

Straight line

Solution

Question 6

The curve, is called oxygen dissociation curve.

The part 'A' represents percentage saturation of haemoglobin with oxygen.

The part 'B' represents partial pressure of carbon dioxide.

This curve is highly useful in studying the effect of factors like $$PCO_{2}$$, H+ concentration, etc. on binding of $$CO_{2}$$ with haemoglobin.

Solution

Question 7

acts as a reserve during muscular exercise

raises the $$PCO_{2}$$ of blood to 75 mm of Hg

is enough to keep oxyhaemoglobin saturation at 96%

helps in releasing more $$O_{2}$$ to the epithelial tissues.

Solution

Question 8

Less $$CO_{2}$$ and H+ ions

Less $$O_{2}$$ and H+ ions

Excess $$CO_{2}$$ and H+ ions

Excess $$O_{2}$$ and H+ ions

Solution

Question 9

haemoglobin

phytochrome

cytochrome

none of these.

Solution

Question 10

Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.

Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.

Both statements 1 and 2 a re incorrect.

Solution

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