Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 65

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 65

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

A person has 400 million alveoli per lung with an average radius of 0.1m for each alveolus. Considering the alveoli are spherical in shape, the total respiratory surface of that person is closest to.

A
$$500 \,mm^2$$

B
$$200 \,mm^2$$

C
$$100 \,mm^2$$

D
$$1000 \,mm^2$$

Solution

in lungs, alveoli are tiny sacs which allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to move between the lungs and bloodstream.
Average radius of spherical alveoli is 0.1 mm
Total number of Alveoli is 400 × 2 = 800 million (since 400 million alveoli in 1 lung)
Surface area of a sphere is 4π$$r^2$$
Therefore, total respiratory surface Area = 4π$$r^2$$ × 800 million= 1000$$m$$$$m^2$$ (approx)
Thus the correct answer is option D.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which is correct?

A
Respiratory centres are not affected by $$CO_2$$

B
In humans vital capacity is just double the expiratory volume

C
A human lung has $$10^3$$ alveoli

D
During inspiration the lungs act as suction pump
Solution
The correct statements are given below.
1. Respiratory centres are stimulated by the variations in the level of $$CO_2$$.
2. The vital capacity is equal to the sum of 2 x Expiratory volume, Tidal volume, Inspiratory volume.
3. A human lung has about 300 millions of alveoli in both lungs.
4. Lungs acts as suction pump during inspiration.
Hence, statement 4 or option D is correct.
Question 3
1 / -0

In a resting person, oxygen saturation of haemoglobin as blood leaves the tissue capillaries is?

A
$$3\%$$

B
$$40\%$$

C
$$46\%$$

D
$$75\%$$

Solution

The partial pressure in deoxygenated blood returning from body tissue is about 40mm Hg and at this $P_{O_{2}}$ , the saturation of haemoglobin is about 70 to 75%.
So, the correct answer is '75%
Question 4
1 / -0

Listed are four respiratory capacities (a-d) and four jumbled respiratory volumes of a normal human adult.
Respiratory capacities Respiratory volumes
(a) Residual volume $$2500$$mL
(b) Vital capacity $$3500$$mL
(c) Inspiratory reserve volume $$1200$$mL
(d) Inspiratory capacity $$4500$$mL
Which one is correct matching?

A
(c) $$1200$$mL, (d) $$2500$$mL

B
(d) $$3500$$mL, (a) $$1200$$mL

C
(a) $$4500$$mL, (b) $$3500$$mL

D
(b) $$2500$$mL, (c) $$4500$$mL
Question 5
1 / -0

Respiration without a distinct respiratory organ occurs in

A
Cockroach

B
Frog

C
Earthworm

D
Fish

Solution

Earthworms lack specialized distinct organs for respiration. The respiratory exchange occurs through a moist body surface into their bloodstream. Earthworms do not have specialized respiratory organs as we do they take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide directly through their skin. Oxygen diffuses through the earthworm's body surface and diffuses inward to the network of capillaries lying just under the body surface.
So the correct answer is 'Earthworm'.
Question 6
1 / -0

What is function of region labelled as 'a' in the given diagram?

A
Sound producing

B
Warmth producing

C
Passage to lungs

D
Connective of larynx
Question 7
1 / -0

If levels of carboxyhaemoglobin in blood reaches up to ...... the functioning of central nervous system is severely affected which causes death?

A
1 to 2%

B
0.20 to 0.30%

C
0.30 to 0.40%

D
0.1 to 5%

Solution

Carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) is a stable complex of carbon monoxide that forms in red blood cells when carbon monoxide is inhaled.
The reference range of COHb differs among individuals. For a normal person it is up to 3%. Individuals with hemolytic anemia and neonates may have COHb levels of up to 5%.
Hence, above 5%, the functioning of central nervous system can be severely affected. So, the answer is D.
Question 8
1 / -0

Arrange the following in order of increasing volume.
$$1$$. Tidal volume
$$2$$. Residual volume
$$3$$. Expiratory reserve volume
$$4$$. Vital capacity

A
$$1 < 2 < 3 < 4$$

B
$$1 < 4 < 3 < 2$$

C
$$1 < 3 < 2 < 4$$

D
$$1 < 4 < 2 < 3$$
Solution
A) Correct Option – C
B) Explanation for correct option -
- Tidal volume is the amount of air that can be inhaled or exhaled during one respiratory cycle, which is approximately 300-500ml.
- Residual volume is the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximal exhalation. The normal adult value is averaged at 1200ml.
- Expiratory reserve volume is the volume of air that can be exhaled forcibly after exhalation of normal tidal volume. The normal adult value is 700-1200ml.
- Vital capacity is the total amount of air exhaled after a maximal inhalation. The value is about 4800ml.
Question 9
1 / -0

The protein $$\alpha-1$$ antitrypsin is used to treat which of the following disease?

A
Cancer

B
Rhematoid arthritis

C
Emphysema

D
ADA deficiency disease in children
Solution
- Emphysema is a group of lung diseases that block the airflow and make breathing difficult.
- As in this condition, the inner walls of the air sac get rupture and creating one larger air space.
- This reduces the surface area of the lungs and thus, reduces the amount of oxygen to reach the bloodstream.
- Alpha-1 antitrypsin is a protease inhibitor and it is used to treat emphysema because it protects tissues from enzymes of inflammatory cells.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 10
1 / -0

The volume of air inspired or expired by a healthy man per minute is

A
1000 ml - 1100 ml

B
2500 ml - 3000 ml

C
6000 ml - 8000 ml

D
400 ml - 500 ml

Solution

The volume of air inspired or exhaled by a healthy man per minute is known as tidal volume which is 500 mL. The breathing rate for a normal person is 12-15 breaths per minutes. So, a normal person inhale or exhale around 6000 to 8000 mL air per minute. Correct answer is C.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

	Respiratory capacities	Respiratory volumes
(a)	Residual volume	$$2500$$mL
(b)	Vital capacity	$$3500$$mL
(c)	Inspiratory reserve volume	$$1200$$mL
(d)	Inspiratory capacity	$$4500$$mL

Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 65

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Breathing and Exchange of Gases Test 65

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

$$500 \,mm^2$$

$$200 \,mm^2$$

$$100 \,mm^2$$

$$1000 \,mm^2$$

Solution

Question 2

Respiratory centres are not affected by $$CO_2$$

In humans vital capacity is just double the expiratory volume

A human lung has $$10^3$$ alveoli

During inspiration the lungs act as suction pump

Solution

Question 3

$$3\%$$

$$40\%$$

$$46\%$$

$$75\%$$

Solution

Question 4

(c) $$1200$$mL, (d) $$2500$$mL

(d) $$3500$$mL, (a) $$1200$$mL

(a) $$4500$$mL, (b) $$3500$$mL

(b) $$2500$$mL, (c) $$4500$$mL

Question 5

Cockroach

Frog

Earthworm

Fish

Solution

Question 6

Sound producing

Warmth producing

Passage to lungs

Connective of larynx

Question 7

1 to 2%

0.20 to 0.30%

0.30 to 0.40%

0.1 to 5%

Solution

Question 8

$$1 < 2 < 3 < 4$$

$$1 < 4 < 3 < 2$$

$$1 < 3 < 2 < 4$$

$$1 < 4 < 2 < 3$$

Solution

Question 9

Cancer

Rhematoid arthritis

Emphysema

ADA deficiency disease in children

Solution

Question 10

1000 ml - 1100 ml

2500 ml - 3000 ml

6000 ml - 8000 ml

400 ml - 500 ml

Solution

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